What prepositions differ from consoles (main differences). The difference between prepositions and prefixes

He ran up and jumped, ran out and jumped out,

And then from the gateway, under the gate, under the fence,

Under the bench, behind the post, on the porch and behind the house.

Left, right, top, bottom, underfoot and under,

Behind him, from the side, behind his back - everywhere he is with me.

Barking is heard unceasingly, this is my puppy Abay.

Oh, what a puppy! Not a minute on the spot! But he is not a hero in this poem, but words with prepositions and prefixes.

Why do we write together the words "ran up" and "jumped", "ran out" and "popped out", "gateway", "left", "right", "top", "down", "behind", "side" Incessantly "?

Why do we write separately under the gate, under the fence, under the bench, behind the pillar, on the porch, behind the house, under the feet, under the bottom, behind the back, with me"?

The answer to these questions is quite simple: the consoles are written together, and separately - prepositions.

And what is the difference between prepositions and prefixes?

Prepositions and prefixes - different units of language

Being completely different units of language, prefixes and prepositions are defined as follows:

• The prefix is a part of the word that stands before the root and serves to form a new word.
• A preposition is an official part of speech that connects words with each other.

Consoles	Excuses
Bet Play - win Do Bending	Grows under the window Looks through the window Turned off the road Turned the corner

At this stage, it is important to understand that before prepositions there are no prepositions, but there are only prefixes, and they are written with words together.

Prepositions and prefixes are associated with different words

There is a sure way that will surely tell you how to distinguish the preposition from the prefix.

The fact is that prepositions and prefixes are associated with words in different ways. Prepositions allow the insertion of words between themselves and the subsequent word, and the prefixes can not be divided with the words they form in the prefix way.

For the proof, we can carry out an experiment:

• Mushrooms grow under the birches. - Mushrooms grow under (these) birches (the insertion of a word is possible - it is written separately).
• There grow podberezoviki. - There grow under (these) birchbirds (the word insertion is impossible - it is written together).

Examples of words with a prefix under: podberezovik, boletus, cupper, cup, chin, undergrowth, underground, window sill, suspension, litter, stand, fit, support, approach, approach, delivery, podpil, undercut, suspension,

There are many words with other prefixes, but the general model of their formation will always be the same.

The difference between prepositions and prefixes with the help of a question

If we put a case from the main word to the dependent one, then we can easily distinguish the preposition from the prefix. Prepositions will be part of the question, and you need to write them separately:

• Left (from whom?) From a friend;
• Believed (in what?) In justice;
• Fought (for what?) For his homeland;
• Thought (about what?) About the task;
• Searched (in what?) In the diary;
• Running (in what?) In bags;
• Game (in what?) In dominoes;
• Happy (from what?) From victory.

It should be noted that only questions of indirect cases are used:

• Genus. Etc. - coped (without what?) Without errors;
• Of wines. Etc. - paid (for what?) For electricity;
• Dates. Etc. - went (for what?) For bread;
• Tv. Etc. - met (with whom?) With a friend;
• Etc., etc. - I thought (about what?) About the matter.

The Tale of Prepositions

Usually children like linguistic tales, one such will help them understand what the prepositions differ from consoles.

"Once upon a time there were words in the Land of Linguinia, they lived in harmony, often joined in families and became relatives, in this role played the prefix, which only by its presence turned words into others." Everybody loved her so much that they wanted to get to her as much as possible Closer - together.

But one day the Preposition appeared in that country, he was very much like the Prefix, but his character was different. He was a real beggar. Soon the Preposition quarreled with all the words: Noun, Adjective, Pronoun. But most of all the verb was angry. He was so angry that he refused to stand beside the pretext.

So they live in a magic country Prefix and Preposition. The difference is that words tend to get closer to the Console, and away from the preposition. The verb does not allow him to stand in front of him, he recognizes only the prefix. "

Tasks for distinguishing prepositions and prefixes in the second class

Every second-grader should know the difference between the prefix and the preposition. 2 class easily copes with tasks, for example:

1) Write down the text by expanding the brackets:

What a charm - a new ball!

(Po) rolled at once (at) jumping

And (for) jumping (on) the path,

(You) scraped Ninka under his feet.

Nina the ball (y) saw,

With him a little (on) played:

(Po) threw, (on) threw,

(From under) the ladder (before) has become,

(Under) a bush took it,

(C) new to me my ball gave.

2) Where can not put an excuse?

Playing ...

• Pianoforte;
• Dominoes;
• Violin;
• at home;
• music;
• Accordions.

3) What is the difference between prepositions and prefixes?

• Letters and sounds;
• Composition of the word;
• Separate writing.

4) Insert prepositions and prefixes in words:

• ... went ... to grandma;
• ... knocking .... Door;
• ... they played ... a playground;
• ... taken ... the city;
• ... went ... the forest;
• ... taken ... thicket.

5) Convert word combinations with a preposition into words with a prefix:

• Bandage on the arm
• Clock on the wall _____________________________________
• Lamp on the table ____________________________________
• Hour before dawn ________________________________
• Songs at the table __________________________________
• Inhabitants under water ________________________________
• Settlement beyond the river _________________________________

Prepositions and prefixes in dialects

The next stage in the study of prepositions is grade 7. At this stage, adverbs formed by the way of transition from nouns with prepositions are studied.

This is a very difficult topic, since the merging and spelling of adverbs most often need to be remembered. It can be difficult to determine in them what the prefix differs from a preposition, what is the difference between writing such words.

• Adverbs with prefixes: left, right, up, down, up, down, at random, left, light, dark, before, right, up, clean, chalk, naked, top, bottom, dry, top, bottom, left, Right, etc.
• Adverbs with pretexts: silly, incessant, mocking, to failure, to fall, to death, to midnight, to run, to race, to glory, to laugh, from strength, old-fashioned, from swoop, to joys, to Memory, conscience, under the noise, under the slope, etc.

What is the difference between prepositions and prefixes in dialects?

In most cases prefixes are written before adverbs, prepositions are written less often. Usually the spelling of prefixes and prepositions in this part of the speech is due to what words they are formed from. Let us consider some of these conditions.

1) Adverbs, which are formed from other adverbs, are written together, but if they are used in the meaning of a noun, then they are spelled separately:

• The next day everyone came on time (came on time when?) - the meaning of the adverb.
• The meeting was appointed for tomorrow (the appointment for what time?) - the meaning of the noun.

2) Adverbs, formed from nouns, which at the given time without a prefix are not used are adulterated. Examples of such words: in plenty (content), smithereens (shudders), locked up (locked), vosvoyashi (svoyashi), back-and -forth (prityk), discredit (trickle), unawares (rasplokh), soft (smyatka), secretly (quietly), utter (Tlo), from inside (inside), from underfoot (sublingus), stealthily (tishok), on the ground (earth), diagonally (ask), off (smarka), hastily (hurriedly), on an empty stomach (randomly), at random (Check), not knowing (wit), unintention (in vain), unbearable (mogot), out of place (popad), away (odal), across (perek), half-and-half (half), afternoon (noon), outside (outside), early in the morning (Pozaranok), prosonok (prosonok) syzmalstva (malstvo) too (bags).

3) Adverbs, formed from:

• Numeral: twice, three times, in two (but: two, three, four);
• Short adjectives: left, dark, red, long, foolish, simply;
• Full adjectives: closely, for nothing, blindly (but if the adjective begins with a vowel, it is spelled separately: into the open) ;
• Pronouns: in a tie, with might and main;
• Nouns, if you can not insert a word between the word and the pretext: wade, in full, afterward, really, soon, dry-weather, on the preparation, all the way, frankly, sometime.

4) Adverbs are written together with a prefix in-and suffix -k: alternately, vprithiru, scatter, vrazmashku .

Exceptions: in mockery, in installments, in curiosity , and also with words beginning with a vowel: alone.

5) Adverbs that have spatial or temporal meanings are written together: up, down, left, right, at first, forever, forever.

Prepositions are written in front of adverbs, if you can insert some element between them and the word: without (my) knowledge, without (any) query, without (unnecessary) obscenities, without (any) keep.