Complex sentence, its structure and meaning

A sentence is the basic unit of oral and written speech, serving to convey any information, message, etc. A proposal is being drawn up according to its own specific laws and rules; Not every set of words can be called a sentence. It is characterized by the grammatical and semantic unity of its parts, as well as the special intonation of the completeness of the utterance. Therefore, many philological researchers call the sentence: "complete statement", "finished thought".

The main distinguishing feature of the proposal is the presence in it of a grammatical basis - without it there is no suggestion. By the number of grammatical bases in the Russian language, simple and complex sentences are singled out. In a simple - one such foundation, in a complex one - two or more: the red sun once again shone in the sky. The clouds finally dissipated, and the sun blazed victoriously and joyfully over the cleanly washed ground.

The grammatical basis of a simple sentence can be complete, consisting of the subject and the predicate (then it will be a two-part sentence), or maybe incomplete, contain only one of the main members.

In a complex sentence, all its parts are connected in a meaningful and semantic relation, and also through intonation. Their structure is the same as for simple sentences.

Complex sentences are allied and unconditioned - depending on how the grammatical relations between parts are expressed, what means of communication were used. In uncompounded complex sentences, their parts are connected through intonation. These syntactic constructions have grammatical independence, but rather a close semantic correlation. Unions or allied words in such sentences are not used: The old forest was noisy and moaned moaningly, the night thickened more and more with its impenetrable darkness, the sky seemed to forget forever the glittering of the stars and the lunar radiance.

Allied sentences are divided into compound and compound. A complex sentence is characterized by the fact that all its parts are equal in meaning. Between them there is no semantic dependence, semantic inequality. Simple sentences in its composition are combined due to single and complex compositional unions: My brother was already waiting, and Natasha could not get herself together and leave the house. In the afternoon I felt hot in my father's jacket, but by the evening I was drawn with dampness and cold, and I was not in the least bit chilled! From the morning I was shivering, then throwing into the heat, then again shaking in a chill.

By the type and importance of unions, compound sentences are divided into several types:

• Complex sentence with unions of connective meaning (AND, YES = AND, NO ... NO, AS ... SO AND - repeating, etc.). These unions indicate that those events, events, which the proposal says, occur either immediately, at one time, or alternately, one by one: Strelka was tired of waiting for her portion of food, and she barked emphatically. Vanka from the sixth entrance was a carefree quitter and a chronic loser, so his friend Igoryos from the neighboring house never shone in class, and when he called to the board he began to justify mumbling and loudly sniff his nose.
• A complex sentence with separative meanings and conjunctions, Either ... THEN, OR, etc. For sentences of this type, the relations of exclusion or alternation are characteristic: Mom listened to me, listened and suddenly loudly declared: "Or you will take your mind and start to learn As it should, or your father today you will vyporet! ".
• A complex sentence with the values of opposing (adversarial) and the unions of ZATO, YES (= NO), BETWEEN THEM, HOWEVER, etc. The content of simple sentences in such a complex can be contrasted or contrasted: Most of the earned money Marichka spent on clothes, film and ice cream, while Natalka diligently penned every kopeck piece every month increasing her savings.
• Complicated sentences also refer to sentences with connecting unions. ALSO, ALSO, YES AND, etc. Semantic relations in them indicate either additional information contained in one of the simple sentences as part of a complex one, or on the correlation of content between all parts of the sentence: I planned to go on vacation Go to the Caucasus: the nature is really good there, and a bosom friend has been offering to see you for a year already, to visit him in the mountain village.
• Complicated are the proposals with the unions A AND EXACTLY, IE, expressing the significance of the explanations and having a bookish character: In the school boys were not only taught ordinary school disciplines, but were attracted to sports, instilled a heightened interest in physical education, and this is what is important for future gymnasts.

In complex structures there is no semantic equality between parts of the sentence. Unions of complex sentences express different shades of meaning and are always in the subordinate part.