Ode "Liberty": analysis of the work

The bourgeois revolution in France caused the collapse of Western European feudalism, the struggle of the oppressed peoples for freedom and the growth of their national identity. In Russia at that time, the best representatives of the nobility realized that the abolition of serfdom was politically necessary, since it served as a barrier to the economic and social development of the state. But the task of the leaders of progress was even broader: they set themselves the goals of the emancipation of the individual, of his spiritual freedom. Russia's victory over Napoleon, encroaching on world domination, gave rise to hopes that in the country, at last, social reforms will take place. Many figures of the time called on the tsar to take swift, decisive action.

The theme of liberty in the work of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

Through all the creativity of Alexander Sergeevich, the idea of free Russia passes. Already in the early works he opposed the despotism and injustice of the modern social system, denounced the tyranny that was harmful to the people. So, at the age of 16 he wrote a poem "Licinia", and in 1818 - one of the most passionate songs dedicated to freedom, "To Chaadayev," in which one hears the belief that the country will "wake up from a dream." The theme of liberty sounds in the poems "Arion", "In the depths of the Siberian ores," "Anchar," and others.

Creating an ode "Liberty"

However, Pushkin's views were most clearly and fully expressed in his famous dress "Liberty", written in 1817, shortly after his release from the Lyceum. It was created in the apartment of the Turgenev brothers. Its windows overlooked the place where Paul I was killed, the Mikhailovsky Castle.

The influence of Radishchev's ode on Pushkin's

The very name says that Alexander Sergeevich took as a model the poem of another Russian poet with the same name. Ode "Liberty" (Radishchev), whose brief content is similar to the creation of the same name by Alexander Sergeevich, is still slightly different from Pushkin's. We will try to answer what exactly.

Pushkin emphasizes that his work is associated with the Radishchevsky version of one line from the poem "Monument". Like his predecessor, Alexander Sergeyevich glorifies political freedom and liberty. Both poets point to examples of the triumph of liberty in history (Radishchev - the English revolution that took place in the 17th century , and Pushkin - the revolution in France in 1789). Alexander Sergeevich, following Alexander Nikolayevich, believes that a law that is uniform for all is a guarantee of the existence of political freedom in the country.

Oda "Liberty" Radishchev - is the call of the people to revolution, to overthrow the power of the king in general, and Alexander Sergeevich is directed only against those who place themselves above any law of "tyrants". This is what Pushkin writes about ("Liberty"). Analysis of the work allows us to say that in his work he expressed the views of the early Decembrists, who sympathized and under whose influence he was.

Features of the Pushkin Odes

The strength of Alexander Sergeevich's verse, his artistic skill, gave a more revolutionary significance to this work. As an appeal to open speech was perceived by the young people of the ode "Liberty", the analysis of which is proposed in this article. For example, Pirogov, the famous Russian surgeon of that time, recalling his young years, tells the following fact. Speaking about the political views of Alexander Sergeevich, reflected in the work "Liberty", one of his comrades, while still a student, said that the revolution is in our way - so a revolution, "with a guillotine," as a French one.

The lines ending the second verse sounded revolutionary, in particular: "Tyrants of the world, tremble! ..."

Ode "Liberty": a summary

Pushkin wrote his poem, following the example of Radishchev, in the form of an ode. It begins with an appeal to the museum, a formidable singer of freedom for the tsars. Here the theme is outlined - the author writes that he wants to "sing the freedom of the world" and hit the flaw on the thrones. After this comes the statement of the main position: for the national good, it is necessary to combine powerful laws with the freedom of the saint. It is illustrated by examples from history (Paul I, Louis XVI). In depicting the historical events (the execution of Louis during the French Revolution, the murder of Paul I in the Mikhailovsky Palace by the hands of mercenaries), the poet treats with dislike not only the tyranny, but also those who destroy the enslavers, since the blows of these people are infamous: they are illegal and treacherous.

Calling for an uprising of self-consciousness, the spirit, Alexander Sergeevich understands the importance of resolving conflicts through legal means - this is exactly what Pushkin's historical analysis indicates. Liberty should be sought, while avoiding bloodshed. Another way is disastrous for both tyrants and for the Russian people themselves.

Ode "Liberty," the analysis of which is brought to your attention, concludes, as usual, with an appeal to the sovereign himself, with an appeal to learn a lesson from the foregoing.

Composite harmony helps us to observe the movement of feelings and thoughts of the poet. Verbal means of expression of content are in accordance with it. Ode "Liberty", the summary of which is presented above, is a sample of high artistic perfection.

Features of poetics

Poetic speech (excited, upbeat) reflects the various feelings that the author possessed: the passionate desire for freedom (in the first stanza), the indignation against oppressors and tyrants (the second stanza), the grief of a citizen of the state at the sight of the lawlessness that is being created (the third stanza), etc. Poetu It was possible to find exact and simultaneously figurative words in order to convey the feelings and thoughts that possessed them. For example, he refers to "freedom as a proud singer", "a thunder-storm of kings" by the muse of political odes Pushkin. "Liberty", the analysis of which is offered to you in this article, is a work inspired from above. It is the muse that inspires the poet with "bold hymns".

Revolutionizing value of odes

Ode "Liberty" (the analysis above) had a significant revolutionizing influence on the contemporaries of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, used in revolutionary agitation by the Decembrists.

Soon the poet is disappointed in his former idealistic notions that the monarch wants to do everything possible to improve the life of his people, because Alexander the First could not decide on radical reforms that would put an end to serfdom. Russia was still a feudal state. The nobles who thought progressive, including friends of Alexander Sergeevich, created to forcibly overthrow the autocracy and thus to abolish serfdom various revolutionary societies.

Pushkin did not belong formally to any of them, but the mentality that was related to the revolutionaries led to the fact that he realized the impossibility in Russia of liberal transformations "from above." This thought, he reflected in his further works. Ode "Liberty", the analysis of which gives it a better understanding, also called for the overthrow of tyrannical power "from below" by revolution.