What is Zimnitsky's trial?

Very often in the clinic you can hear such medical instruction - to make a trial in Zimnitskiy. Uninformed in medicine, these terms are mysterious and obscure, so let's try to figure out what it is.

Zimnitsky's trial is an analysis of urine aimed at studying the concentration function of our kidneys. Usually, this analysis is prescribed for chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, diabetes (non-sugar), hypertension. The main purpose of this analysis is to reveal the functional capacity of the kidneys.

Concentration function of the kidneys directly depends on the density of urine, its specific gravity. At the same time, it is worth remembering that in the urine, mainly decomposition products of proteins and nitrogenous slags are concentrated. If there is a high level of waste in the urine, this indicates normal kidney function.

At the same time, the quantity of slag is expressed in specific weight, which is very convenient for comparing this function in different age groups of patients. Specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of the solution to the weight of water, which is taken as one. The received indicator, first of all, reflects ability to keep water in an organism or to deduce it. Usually, physiological abnormalities are present in children and the elderly.

The Zimnitsky trial is a measurement of the relative density in a part of the urine collected according to a certain pattern. Morning urine, worked out overnight, is not investigated, but further patients need to collect urine every three hours, that is, only eight servings per day. The sample of Zimnitsky is carried out in each portion separately. It is important to see a holistic picture of the indices of all the portions collected per day. If the kidneys are perfectly capable of osmotic dilution of urine and its concentration, the volume of excreted urine will fluctuate - from fifty milliliters to three hundred. In this case, the amount of urine allocated during the day will prevail over night. If urine is released more at night, then this phenomenon can be a sign of heart failure.

With the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine, which can determine the trial of Zimnitsky, diagnose isostenuria. The main indicator of isostenuria, which is obtained in the laboratory after analysis, is a low density, characteristic of primary urine. And in chronic renal failure, hypoisostenuria is spoken of when a low urine density is determined in all the portions of the collected urine. When receiving such data from the laboratory, doctors usually suspect chronic human diseases, such as glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis. But with a sharp amplitude of relative density in several portions, it is worth talking about diabetes insipidus.

To Zimnitsky's assay was reliable, the analysis is done, keeping the usual diet. It is not necessary for patients to drink more liquid to give the necessary portions, otherwise the relative density of urine will be artificially reduced. However, for doctors it is important how much water was drunk - normally the human body displays about sixty-eighty percent of all the water that has been supplied to it, and the urine produces twice as much in the day.

Zimnitsky's trial is quite an informative analysis for physicians. But it is important for patients to correctly assemble the test material so that the indicators are reliable. Urine should be collected for a sample in twenty-four hours, this includes the patient's sleep time, but not the awakening field, but counting from it. In advance, you need to prepare the containers (8 clean jars) and paste the name on them, clearly highlight the jar number and the time of collection of urine in it. In three hours you can urinate two or three times in one jar, which is intended for this time interval. After that, the urine belongs to the laboratory, and the results of the analysis are interpreted by the attending physician.