Bishkek is the capital of Kyrgyzstan. Map of the city of Bishkek. Bishkek - recreation

Many travel agencies in Russia undeservedly pay attention to such a direction as Kyrgyzstan. And in vain! This Asian country, the birthplace of Genghis Khan, is not inferior to others in the abundance of historical and natural attractions. On its territory are located Tien Shan (in translation - "heavenly mountains"). The ridges of the Pamir stretch along the Kirghizia. Issyk-Kul is here - a high mountain lake with the purest water. There are hot sulfur springs that return the second youth, they give health. Asian color is not diluted here with depersonalized globalization. Felt carpets, yurts, equestrian competitions, pilaf and koumiss are all features of everyday life. Rest in Kyrgyzstan can be mountain, beach, wellness. And it will always be fascinating and comfortable. In this Asian country there are many decent hotels with a European level of service. But in this article we will only consider the capital of the state - the city of Bishkek.

History

This blessed land was mastered by people long ago. Archaeologists have discovered remains of dwellings, which date back to the V millennium BC. But the settlement on the site of modern Bishkek arose in the 7th century after the birth of Christ. It appeared at the crossroads of the Great Silk Road and the road leading from the central Tien Shan. However, the name of the settlement was not Bishkek, in Djul, and even Kyrgyzstan on the world map was not there. By the XVI century the Great Silk Road lost its importance. The cities that stood there began to vegetate, the inhabitants began to leave them. This fate befell and Julie. The whole area between the rivers Alamedin and Ala-Archi has turned into a pasture.

In 1825, the Kokand khan Madali founded the Pishpek fortress here. In 1860 the Russians began the siege of the stronghold, and two years later they destroyed it to the base. However, in its place were built barracks for the garrison, and people continued to settle under the protection of the citadel. The status of the city was received in 1878. In 1926 Pishpek was renamed in Frunze, in honor of the Soviet commander and native of the city. But with the attainment of independence in 1991, the city was returned to the old, though slightly changed name.

Where is Bishkek on the map of Kyrgyzstan

The city of Frunze did not immediately become the capital. This status he acquired only in 1936. Before that, it was the administrative center of the Kyrgyz autonomous region. Why such a name in the city - Bishkek? The capital of Kyrgyzstan, according to one version, is named in honor of the legendary hero who lived in this area in the XVIII century. Bishkek-Batyr gained fame as Kirghizian Robin Hood. And the very word "Bishkek" translates as "a sword for whipping koumiss". Now it is almost a millionaire - in 2014 its population was 901 thousand inhabitants. There is a city in the north of the country, only twenty-five kilometers from the Kazakh border. Even in summer there is no heat. After all, the city is located in the foothills of the Tien Shan at an altitude of 800 meters above sea level. Forty kilometers to the south lies the majestic Kirghiz Range.

How to get there

Regular flights are made daily from Moscow to Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan). From Domodedovo, airplanes of the "Kyrgyzstan" air company take off, and from Sheremetyevo-F - "Aeroflot". In addition, you can fly to Bishkek from Novosibirsk on board S7. The international airport of the capital of Kyrgyzstan is called Manas. It is located twenty-three kilometers from the city. The most convenient way to get from the airport is by taxi - this type of transport is relatively inexpensive. Bishkek is also a developed railway junction. You can get here by train from Kazakhstan. It is a convenient transfer point, then to reach other cities of the country: Kar, Osh, Balykchi, Naryn or Karakol.

Public transport

By the city, small shuttle buses run for 10-12 places. It's enough to wave your hand before the approaching car, pass money to the driver and name the point of your landing. You can rent a car, including with a driver. Even more budgetary transport - trolley buses and buses. But they stop plying at nine in the evening. It is important to know that after the attainment of independence the map of Bishkek streets is very outdated. You need to know the new name of your destination. But the people in Bishkek live responsive, and if you are lost, do not hesitate to ask the road for passers-by. With the hospitality typical to Eastern people, you will not only be prompted by the right path, but will also be led to the right place. Although it is difficult to get lost in the city - the streets are laid in a checkerboard pattern for better ventilation and holding irrigation ditches.

Climate

Kyrgyzstan is a mountainous country, besides it is far from the big seas, therefore the climate here is continental. The off-season does not last long. Admire the spring, the flowering of mountain poppies and tulips can be for a couple of weeks. Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan, is located in the foothills, protected from the northern cold winds. In winter it is not too cold here. Even in January - the most student month of the year - here on average + 2 ° C in the afternoon. Mountain sun and cloudless weather make the city a real climatic resort. But with the onset of twilight the air begins to rapidly cool. Even in the summer for a couple of hours, the thermometer can fall from +31 to +14 ° C. Therefore, going out on the street in the evening, do not forget to bring your clothes warmer.

Map of Bishkek

As early as 1938, three administrative districts were established in the capital of the Kirghiz SSR : Sverdlovsk, Pervomaysky and Proletarsky. In 1962, the last one was renamed Leninsky. Twelve years later, the capital acquired the fourth territorial unit, the Oktyabrsky urban district. After the proclamation of independence of Kyrgyzstan, the management system has radically changed. Now the mayor is at the head of the city . His power is balanced by the kenesh. This body of local government can be compared with our city council. Kenesh and mayor appoint akims - these are the heads of districts. They form and head executive authorities - akimiats. Currently, the number of administrative units of the city has not increased. There are still four of them. But the districts of Bishkek grew very much. So, in Leninsky includes urban-type settlements of Chon-Aryk, Orto-Sai and Manas.

sights

Whatever the purpose of your stay in the country: trekking through the mountains, rafting on the rivers, horse trekking, healing in mud baths or mineral water spas, stay for a couple of days in the city of Bishkek. The capital of Kyrgyzstan itself is a landmark. You can just wander through the avenues and squares of the city to see this. You probably will be surprised by the European look of Bishkek. The matter is that the city plan, with its chess-nesting location of the streets, was invented by the Russian military command, and the Czechoslovak artel Intergelpo was actively engaged in building in the 1920s. Therefore, many buildings are built in the then popular Art Nouveau style. Over the past two decades, the city has been decorated with new monuments. In the central square Ala-Too, Lenin was replaced by the original Statue of Liberty. You need to see the Opera House, the Parliament building, the sculptural group Manas and visit the change of the guard of honor from the State Flagstaff.

Museums and parks

Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan, is not only the largest city in the country. It is also the main cultural center. There are many museums, theaters, there is an art gallery. We recommend you to visit the Historical Museum. In its exposition the richest collection of artifacts of the Bronze Age, ancient coins, which were in circulation on the territory of the Silk Road, household items and ornaments of the nomadic tribes of the Kirghiz, was collected. Special attention should be paid to runic inscriptions from Talas and rock paintings from the settlement of Saimaluu-Tash. The Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to the paintings of Kyrgyz, Russian and Uzbek masters, contains in its collection an interesting ethnographic collection. Here you can see the complete reconstruction of the traditional yurt with interior decoration, carpets-shyrdaki, national clothes and shoes, richly decorated horse harness. And those who are nostalgic for a bygone era, will find a lot of interesting for themselves in the Museum of the city of Frunze. The inhabitants themselves call Bishkek Green City. Even in the greatest heat, you can take refuge in the thick shadow of the Boulevard of the Young Guard and seated with silvery poplars and age-old oaks of Erkindik Avenue. You can see rare plants in the Botanical Garden, relax among the cool alleys of the Oak Park, Parks of Panfilov, Chingiz Aitmatov or Kemal Ataturk.

Shopping

The largest store in the city - TSUM - is located on Chui Avenue. However, in the process of shopping should not be limited to them. Cute boutiques and art galleries are scattered all over the city, where you can buy wonderful souvenirs at reasonable prices. However, most of the points of interest of tourist-shopoman focus in the center, in the square of the avenues of Chui, Manas and Bokonbaev street. Antique shops, jewelry shops, fashion boutiques, shops with traditional embroidery and ceramics alternate with each other. From Kyrgyzstan, they carry mainly beautiful felt carpets "shyrdaki", a national headdress "kalpak", trousers, "Ichken" bathrobes, ornaments, leather goods. Do not leave the markets without attention. The bazaars of Osh, Dordoi and Ak-Emir are very picturesque. Even if you do not buy anything, the trip there can be considered a full-fledged excursion into the world of the East.

What to try

Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) is characterized by the fact that in local restaurants and teahouses you can try dishes from all regions of the country. Prepare for the fact that you have to drink a lot of tea - this drink begins and ends with a meal. It is mandatory for dried fruits or pastries. Pork in the Muslim country is not used for food, but in abundance they eat lamb, poultry, beef and horse meat. Be sure to try the most important Kyrgyz dish - beshbarmak - a special large noodle with the meat of a young lamb. The name of the dish is translated as "5 fingers", because they eat it with five fingers. Also, the visiting card of the gastronomy of Kyrgyzstan is the horse sausage - chuchuk. Some dishes of the national cuisine can shock the Slav. So, mutton eyes, brain and cheeks are delicacies. Kumis - fermented milk of the mare is a traditional drink of nomads. Also everywhere selling shuro. This drink resembles kvass, but is made from unripe wheat grains. Kyrgyz people borrowed many dishes from neighboring Uzbekistan, giving them their own color and sound. So, it is necessary to try the local shurpa and Osh pilaf.

Neighborhood

What should a tourist know when arriving in Bishkek? Rest on the highest standard you are provided in the hotels "Hyatt", "Dostuk", "Ala-Too", "Zhannat", "Ak-Keme", "Issyk-Kel" and others. In the vicinity of Bishkek, you should visit the "Khan Graves" (an ancient cemetery), the Chon-Aryk reserve, climb the Boz-Peldek mountain. If the purpose of your visit is improvement, then you need to take a course of wraps in the mud baths, which is located in the village of Kamyshanovka. And in an hour or a little more drive from the city of fans of active recreation mountain gorges await against the background of snow-capped peaks.