Kyrgyzstan: the capital of the republic. Bishkek: history, description, photo

The city of Bishkek is the capital of Kyrgyzstan. It is considered the largest center in the republic. Here various spheres are developed: industry, transport, culture. Bishkek is a city of republican subordination. It was located in the center of Chui Valley, in the north of the Kyrgyz Republic. The area of this administrative center is 127 square meters. Km.

A bit of history

The name etymology has two versions. One, the city is named after the hero of the legend - the hero Bishkek-Batyr. On the second - the word "Bishkek" from the local dialect is translated as a "truncheon". The formation of a settlement in this area is due to the Great Silk Road. The fact is that its eastern branch passed exactly along this territory - through the Chui valley. In the course of time, the parking lots became permanent, the population was added and by the 12th century the city of Djule had been established on these lands. After the Silk Road ceased to function, the cities that existed thanks to him, ceased to exist.

After a while, the Uzbek population settled on this territory, forming the Kokand Khanate. Within the boundaries of the modern city was built the fortress Pishpek, on the ruins of which already in 1825 the city was founded. In 1926 the settlement Pishpek was renamed in Frunze. During the Soviet era, the city began to actively develop in all the parameters of the USSR: industrial enterprises were being built, turnover was gaining agriculture, educational institutions, theaters, museums and other public buildings were building, which proudly represent Kyrgyzstan. The capital of the Kirghiz SSR (Frunze) received official status in 1936. After the collapse of the USSR, the name was changed to Bishkek.

Physical and geographical characteristics of the city

Bishkek is located at the foot of the Tien Shan. The terrain is hilly, the average height above sea level is 700-900 meters. The border between the temperate and subtropical climatic belt passes through the city. A region of sharply continental climate is represented throughout the territory of such a state as Kyrgyzstan. The capital, of course, is no exception. Here, the average temperature in January is -2 ° C ... -4 ° C, July + 23 ° C ... +25 ° C. During the summer, humidity increases - up to 75%. The average annual rainfall is 400-500 mm. Two tributaries of the Chu watercourse pass through the city: the rivers Ala-Archa and Alamedin. Both originate from the tops of the southern mountain range. On the northern part of the city passes part of the largest irrigation canal in Kyrgyzstan - Bolshoy Chuisky (BCH).

Administrative-territorial division

Of course, if we consider all the cities that belong to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, the capital is the largest. According to the administrative division, since the times of the USSR, Bishkek has been divided into three districts: Leninsky, Sverdlovsk and Pervomaisky. In the 70s another district of the city was built - Oktyabrsky. The largest is Leninsky. His subordination includes also the settlements that are located near the city - village. Chon-Aryk and the village of Orto-Sai. At the head of each district stands - akim. This is the name of the head of the state district administration.

The population of the capital of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan

The capital is a city with almost a million inhabitants. According to statistics for 2016, it is home to more than 944 thousand people. If you count with the neighbor agglomeration, then this number increases to 1 million. Bishkek can be called an international city. Representatives of many nationalities live in it. By percentage, they are located this way: most of all, about 66% are Kirghiz, 23% of the population are Russians. The remaining 20% fall on such nationalities: Kazakhs, Tatars, Uzbeks, Koreans, Uighurs, Ukrainians, etc. In total, there are about 80 of them. The main language of communication in the city is Russian. As for religious affiliation, several religions are also practiced here. The local population, Kyrgyz - are Muslims of the Sunni direction. Russians profess Orthodox Christianity. In a smaller percentage there are representatives of other religions.

Economy of Bishkek

The capital of Kyrgyzstan (see photo in the article) is rightly called the industrial center of the country. In Bishkek, enterprises of all industries operate. The largest of them specialize in metal processing and engineering, light and food industries and energy. They are concentrated mainly in the eastern part of the city. Due to its close location to Kazakhstan and China, Bishkek is also considered a trade center. This industry is one of the leading places. Why is that? And all because the capital of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan is an international trade hub between the above countries and Russia.

The administration of Bishkek is taken over by the state administration - the city kenesh. All modes of transport are developed here. There is a railway service, the airport is located 20 km from the city. From public transport there are buses, trolleybuses, taxis. Also in the plans for the coming years - the construction of a metro line or an electric train.

Ecology and sights

Bishkek is considered the ecological capital of Russia. This status was given to the city due to its abundant gardening. Numerous parks, squares, avenues, boulevards make its territory a green "oasis" of Kyrgyzstan. There are many here and attractions that have survived from the times of the Soviet Union. Among them, many buildings of this period - the Historical Museum, the Philharmonic and other historical monuments. Having familiarized with the stated information, each of you can answer, what capital of Kyrgyzstan, who lives in it and how this administrative center develops.