Transcription of English. English - transcription in Russian

Increasingly, it can be noticed that in any kind of work specialists with knowledge of English are required, and he himself becomes popular in many spheres of human life. This is the first signal that it is necessary to learn this language at least at the usual level. And, as you know, his study begins with the correct reading and understanding of each word, because misreading can distort the meaning. The transcription of the English language will allow you to accurately and correctly read each syllable of the word, without distorting the meaning of the lexical unit itself. Consider what transcription is and how to read it.

The transcription of English words is ...

Transcription is a graphical representation of the sounds of the language. Knowledge of transcription is the basis for learning the language, because without knowing it, you can not start reading, and your interlocutor will not understand you, because you can pronounce a word with a phonetic error. Pronouncing English words has always been a problem for people who are beginning to learn a given language, but this is only a consequence of not knowing transcription and reading rules. Accordingly, to learn how to correctly express your thoughts and correctly formulate statements in English, you need to study transcription, because this is the base on which further development of the language is built. If you study how the transcription of the English language is recorded, then you can easily master oral speech, since you will clearly visualize the structure of the word by expanding its letters by the sounds.

Correlation of English letters and sounds

As you know, in English there are only twenty-six letters, and there are much more sounds. Each of them somehow needs to be recorded and voiced. Not all English words are subject to the existing rules of reading. Native speakers master traditional pronunciation since childhood. But for people studying English as a foreign language, a transcription of English was developed. This is a graphical system in which sounds are indicated by special signs.

Sounds and letters in the English alphabet are divided in such a way that twenty-four sounds correspond to twenty consonant letters, and six vowels correspond to twenty sounds, which together constitute the ratio of twenty-six English letters to forty-four sounds. Consider a few provisions that characterize transcription.

Transcription of English: basic rules

• The transcription of the word is in square brackets - [...].
• There are letters denoting several sounds, in transcription they are displayed with different icons.
• There are several types of stresses that have different signs in the transcription of the word.
• In the transcription of some words one can find sounds enclosed in parentheses - (...). This designation shows that the sound in brackets can be pronounced (for example, in the American version of the language), or it may not (in classical British pronunciation).
• The colon, placed after the main sound, indicates the duration of its sound.

After you study these rules, you can correctly read the transcription itself. The table below shows the latest changes in the transcription of some words.

A little about transcription in Russian

Difficulties when pronouncing the words of someone else's tongue arise in representatives of any nationalities, since sounds in different dialects can vary considerably. Surely the British, who study Russian, ask the teachers "translation of the transcription into English." A peculiar simplified version for mastering unfamiliar English words is transcription in Russian, that is, the transmission of phonemes of another's language with the help of native sounds. In another way, this method is called phonetic transliteration. The words will look something like this: [phanetic], [cat], [phish], etc. It would seem that an excellent way out! However, as we remember, not all sounds can be transliterated in this way accurately enough. Therefore, any teacher will advise to master and "real" English transcription.

Types of stresses

Nouns, adjectives, adverbs usually have an accent on the first syllable. The transcription of the English language shows not only the sounds on which the word unfolds, but also accents that are divided into two groups: the main one - the position is always before the stressed syllable at the top, and the additional one - is placed before the impact word below. For a better understanding of stress, let's get acquainted with the rules of his statement:

• Verbs that have a prefix will usually have an accent on the second syllable.
• At the beginning of the word there are no two consecutive syllables without stress, one of them will necessarily be a percussion.
• A word with more than four syllables will have at once two accents - the main and the additional.
• In nouns often prefixes are percussion.
• The suffixes of any part of the speech that are at the end of a word are never percussive.
• The end of words also does not get stressed.

Correct placement of stresses will convey the correct meaning of the word.

Reading and pronunciation rules

As you know, an integral part of English is the ability to translate from English. With the transcription, which must be studied from the very beginning of the course of the language, remember a lot of words will be quickly enough.

Once you understand the rules of transcription, you need to refer to the rules of reading, which, first of all, begin with the correct definition of the type of the syllable. So, in English there are open and closed syllables. The open ends in a vowel: game, like, stone - The 1-st vowel letter in the word is read in the same way as in the alphabet. The closed syllable ends in a consonant: pen, cat, bus - a vowel in the syllable gives a different sound.

In addition to simple sounds, there are diphthongs. This is the name of a complex sound consisting of two simple sounds. In many cases, it can be represented as two components, but this rule does not work on the letter.

It is important to know

English is a language that is required in many spheres of a person's life, which means that his knowledge will be useful to everyone not only for self-development, but also for life. Knowledge of English begins with the ability to read - nouns, adjectives, verbs of English (with or without transcription). This is the foundation, without which we can not do without.