The work of the human brain. By what "wires" does the brain receive messages?

The human brain even today remains a mystery to researchers. However, much they have already found out. So, for what kind of "wires" does the brain receive messages, and what is the basis of its work?

The principle of the human brain

The brain of a mature man weighs about one and a half kilograms, where about a hundred billion active cells "fit". Most cells are neurons that serve as conductors of nerve impulses.

How does the brain work? The principle of its operation can be conditionally compared with the operation of an electrical switch. Neurons can be in both the "off" and "on" states, when electrical impulses are transmitted along the appropriate conductive paths.

Neurons are formed in the form of the cell body and transmitting the nerve impulses of axons. In turn, neuronal axons are interconnected by synapses, through which information is transmitted between individual neurons.

The role of chemicals in brain activity

Features of the human brain suggest the activity of special chemical components, known as neurotransmitters. The presence of substances such as dopamine or adrenaline, promotes the activation of certain functions. And different departments, as well as their neurons, "apply" in their work different chemical components.

Thanks to the chemical activity of the brain, its neurons are capable of reproducing an electric charge, whose power as a whole can reach about 60 W. The activity of the brain, based on electrical activity, can be measured with the help of specialized equipment.

By what "wires" does the brain receive messages?

The main conductor for the transfer of information to neurons by means of nervous synapses is the spinal cord. Compare the conductive pathway of the spinal cord can be with a multicore telephone cable. Damage to such a "cable" can lead to a loss of control by a person over both individual limbs and the body as a whole. It is through electrical impulses that the transmission of brain commands to the body is carried out.

Passing the synapses of the spinal cord, information is transmitted directly to the brain from the auditory and visual receptors. That is why when the entire body is paralyzed, the person retains the ability to hear and see.

In general, the activity of the brain is due to the functioning of the gray matter, which is located on its surface and forms the cortex of the brain. A special role in the work of the brain is played by a white substance, which almost entirely consists of conductive impulses of axons.

Brain: structure and function

The human brain is formed from two hemispheres - left and right, which are responsible for performing individual functions. So, the right hemisphere of the human brain allows you to group incoming information. In turn, the left hemisphere is entrusted mainly with the analysis of "incoming" data. For example, the right hemisphere identifies an object, while the left determines its characteristics, qualities, characteristics, and so on.

By what "wires" does the brain receive messages? According to researchers, receiving electrical impulses, the right brain hemispheres primarily abstract things and concepts, analyzes the shape and color. At the same time, the left hemisphere reserves mathematical skills, speech and logic. From year to year, scientists find such a specific division of the functions of the human brain and its differentiation all the new evidence.

Myths about the human brain

To date, the prevailing view is that modern man can use no more than 10% of his own brain. Despite the numerous controversies surrounding this issue, there is a whole body of evidence of human use of the full potential of the brain. According to the researchers, even performing fairly simple tasks requires the activation of almost all areas of the brain.

It is also erroneous to believe that in blind people the hearing is better developed, in comparison with the sighted. However, blind people can boast more developed auditory memory. Such people quickly identify the sources of sounds, and also more actively catch the meaning of foreign speech.

The magnitude of the brain does not at all affect intellectual abilities. The determining factor in the development of intelligence is only the amount of neural connections between individual neurons.

Interesting facts about the brain

It is difficult for a person to tickle himself. The whole thing is in the mindset of the brain on the perception of stimuli from the outside world, which makes it possible to isolate signals that are important for the body from a vast stream of sensations. After all, the cause of the majority of them are the unconscious actions of the person himself.

Yawning is not just a conditioned reflex when going away from sleep, but it also allows the brain to come to an active state faster, thanks to its active oxygenation.

Computer games give the brain rest and relaxation through distraction from everyday tasks, and also teach the simultaneous execution of several cases simultaneously. And the best training of the brain in this case are active games, for example action games and shooters, when the player has to repulse attacks of a whole group of enemies that come from different sides in a limited space. Participation in such virtual entertainment allows a person to react lightly to a rapid change in the situation and to disperse attention.

Physical exercises help keep the brain in good shape. Regular physical activity affects the growth of the number of capillaries in the brain, which makes it possible to better saturate it with nutrients and oxygen.

A simple song without a complicated musical structure and a special semantic load is much more difficult to forget in comparison with truly "intellectual" works. The reason lies in the ability of the brain to construct automatic, habitual action algorithms, where such melodies can be built in.

Finally

The human brain is an extremely complex structure, which includes a whole mass of functional departments, whose work is based on the activation and decay of billions of neurons.

By what "wires" does the brain receive messages? The role of such conductive paths is performed by neural connections. Each neuron acts like a microscopic electric switch, the inclusion of which activates the transfer of nerve impulses to the desired parts of the brain. Information coming from the outside world is ultimately transferred to the cerebral hemispheres, where its final analysis and processing takes place.