The development of speech in a child 3-4 years: the norm and delay. Developing games, nursery rhymes

Many children know how to speak in 3 years. Sometimes they are difficult to understand, but noticeably, the speech is gradually developing. A four-year-old can speak quite well, although some letters and words are hard to pronounce. However, some children have a delay in the development of speech. Is it correct? How to help a child develop speech? Read about this in the article.

Child's knowledge in 3-4 years

At this age, children already know a lot of words (about 2000). The child tries to speak correctly and clearly as adults. Sometimes it does not work out very well for him. To raise the level of speech development, it is necessary to deal with children a lot, communicate, play, draw and write.

The development of speech in a child of 3-4 years is rather weak. However, the older children become, the more their vocabulary. And at this age the child knows and knows the following things.

• Says her name, surname and patronymic.
• He knows the names of relatives and friends.
• Perceives images and describes any situation seen.
• He speaks with simple sentences and gradually turns into more complex ones.
• Determines the subjects in groups: a frying pan, a plate, a cup is dishes; Jacket, pants, T-shirt - it's clothes, etc.
• Finds the sign of the object: the window is white, the table is wooden, the glass is glass,
• He knows the actions of man or animal: the uncle is walking, the cat is sitting, the boy is running.
• Repeats what he heard.
• Retells a cartoon or a fairy tale.
• He speaks not only loudly, but also quietly.

The development of speech in a child of 3-4 years is special and individual. Some children know fewer words, others know more. So this is not an indicator. If you regularly engage with your child, you can get good results.

Features of speech development in children 3-4 years old

At this age, many children still do not know how to write stories or retell what they saw. They find it difficult to link sentences, many mistakes are possible: not only grammatical, verbal, but also in the use of case endings.

Pronunciation in many children of this age is still wrong. They speak the words indistinctly, which makes them hard to understand. For example, the sound "p" children are replaced by "l", and "sh" by "c". Children find interchangeable sounds, because they want to be understood by others.

Speech therapists say that these shortcomings in the development of speech are not terrible, so there is no reason to worry. Many specialists begin to deal with children no earlier than 5 years.

The above-mentioned deficiencies - and there are features of speech development for children 3-4 years old. Special correction is not necessary, because the child is able to cope with his language barrier on his own.

Diagnosis of speech development

Three-year-olds know and speak a lot of sounds. About 4 years the child learns more difficult letters - "с", "з" and "ц". He hears the sounds of the surrounding children, and if correct pronunciation corrects the guys.

Diagnosis of speech development in children 3-4 years old is done by speech therapists. They check the correct pronunciation of sounds.

However, if desired, parents can also see all the positive and negative aspects of the speech of their child, and draw the appropriate conclusions.

After 3 years, children are well-oriented in color and clearly understand the plural and singular. At this age, the kids tend to talk as much as possible. They are silent only when they are sleeping.

At the age of about 4 years the child speaks more consciously. Parents and educators need to talk with the baby on an equal footing. Then he quickly begins to master the speech, and he quickly replenishes the vocabulary.

Three-year-olds try not to use complex sentences, as they are afraid that they will not be understood. By the age of four, the child has lost fear, and he speaks more confidently. Now he knows that listeners understand him.

It is necessary to constantly monitor the development of speech in a child of 3-4 years. The older children become, the more difficult it is for them to help in the production of correct pronunciation.

Methods of speech development for children 3-4 years old

At this stage, the child's scope of communication expands, which means that the vocabulary increases. However, still many letters or sounds are badly remembered and reprimanded.

It is very important to form the conditions in which the development of speech in a child of 4-5 years. For this it is necessary to pay attention to hissing sounds, whistling, hard and soft. As a rule, many children have problems with them.

It is necessary not only to pay attention to the pronunciation of letters, but also to speech hearing. To do this, try to talk in different ways: loudly, quietly, quickly or slowly. When staging a fairy tale, pay attention to expressiveness, voice and appropriate intonation.

To work on the education of the sound culture of speech, it is necessary to pay attention to:

• Soundproofing;
• Development of phonemic perception;
• Voice device;
• Speech breathing ;
• Moderate speech;
• Intonations.

In general, the program for the development of children's speech for 3-4 years is complex. The child sounds difficult to pronounce sounds. Try not to scold him, but only to praise.

During the use of the above methods, the development of speech in a child of 3-4 years becomes more active. Children start to surprise adults with their knowledge and skills.

Correct development of speech

As stated earlier, there is no need to consult a speech therapist until the child is 5 years old. Parents can themselves pay attention to their baby and help him in the development of speech. When you go out into the street, try to talk about everything that comes in your way. It can be an animal, a person, a plant, etc.

Children are interested in absolutely everything. Therefore, they easily remember what they have said and replenish their vocabulary.

Try to ask the kid about the passed day or viewed cartoon. The child must learn to retell. At first he will get badly, but thanks to daily studies, in a month you will see a positive result.

As often as possible, read to children poems, tongue twisters and riddles. Do not forget to play with small details. If the kid does not know how to tie shoelaces, teach him.

All these exercises for the development of fine motor skills will help your child to begin to speak and correctly pronounce especially complex sounds.

Styles for the development of speech

The child needs to be paid attention, and the development of speech is no exception. For more rapid achievement of good results, read simple and memorable verses for children 3-4 years old.

1. Kra-kra-kra - leave the yard.

As-as-as - the rain will go now,

It's not worth to go,

Zhu-ju-ju - I walk around in puddles.

2. One, two, three, four, five - I want to count the raven.

One crow is sitting on a tree.

The second crow looks at the window.

The third crow raises a cry for the children.

The fourth one drank all the nectar.

And the fifth crow wanted to burst the ball.

3. I bought a fly boots, were great,

The fly went to the bazaar, changed them for a samovar.

She treated all her friends with tea,

Just did not want to treat people.

Poems for children 3-4 years should be clear. They should have a lot of sounds that your child does not pronounce. After reading one poem, ask the child questions on this topic. He should tell you what he understood from what he read and what conclusions he made. Parents can also come up with simple verses for classes with their crumbs.

Learning is playful

What ensures the most effective development of children's speech 3-4 years? Games, of course. The easiest and most interesting training is provided if you and your child do ABC coloring. Of course, it is not a problem to buy it. However, do not forget that children are very fond of doing handmade items themselves.

The game "Who Says?" Is interesting for many children. Mom calls the sound of the animal the right intonation, and the child guessed. Then you must change roles. Thus, the baby will develop speech.

The game "Where lies" develops in the child not only speech but also attention. Put something on the table, under a chair, near the refrigerator, next to the sofa. Now ask questions. For example: where is the cup, where did the teddy bear disappear, where is the ball lying? There can be many such questions. The child at the same time will learn to navigate in space.

"Edible or not?" When preparing a dinner and can not pay attention to the child, ask him questions. For example, take a pot in your hands, ask: "Is it edible?". Further: "A fried meat?", "A raw chicken?", Etc.

"Difference of objects". Show your baby shoes and slippers. Ask what they are like, and what is their difference. It can be and such comparisons: a fur coat with a jacket, a glass with a cup, a chair with a stool, etc.

The game "Describe an object" will help the child develop attention and memory. Point to the bed. Let the kid describe it on your questions. What is it? What is it for? What Colour? Such questions ask the kid about any object or product.

The above games help the child develop the right speech and the necessary pronunciation of sounds. If you daily communicate with the baby in a playful form, soon he will begin to speak correctly and understandably.

Why does not the child speak for a long time?

Some children are silent for two or three years. Parents are worried, go to specialists to establish the cause. Doctors and speech therapists advise not to worry ahead of time. They argue that if the child is silent until 3 years old - this is normal. Perhaps, the genes of the parents were influenced.

If the child is 3.5 years old and does not want to talk, then you need to seek advice from a neurologist, speech therapist, laura and a pediatrician.

Very often, children who are still three years silent, can speak at 3 years 2 months. According to statistics, such a child begins to speak immediately with sentences.

There is an opinion that girls master speech earlier than boys. It is a myth. Everything depends on the individuality of the child. The norms of speech development for children 3-4 years old can not be the same. At this age children know from 1500 to 2000 words. Each child has his own individual stock. It all depends on the personality of the child and his mood.

Conclusion

Do not make the kid do, if he does not want to. If he has a bad mood, then he will not show you good results. Engage with a crumb when you see that he is ready to play with you.

Never abuse a child if he can not speak a word. He will begin to cry, you will be angry with him.

As a result, both the mother and the baby will lose their mood for the whole day. Children are easily given training. Try to praise your child, because then the kid himself will want to make you pleasant and please mom with success.