Russian language: a violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application

Finding the correspondence between the grammatical error and the sentence in which it is admitted is one of the most difficult tasks in the examination work on the Russian language. Often in the works of school students there are grammatical errors in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.

The application in Russian grammar

The application is perhaps the most mysterious secondary member of the sentence, it is extremely difficult to distinguish it from an uncoordinated definition or predicate. So, the application is a member of the sentence, which in it performs the syntactic function of the definition, but is expressed by a noun or a word that has passed into a noun. Being essentially a definition, the application is consistent with the main word in the case and number. For example: " Brother Andrew went into the room." A brother is an application that is consistent with the word being defined in number and case. Or "The cat-prankster sank in the room . "

Application boundaries

In Russian grammar, the nouns can be an appendix (the Mountain- giant towered over the sea), phrases (the Guest , a relative of neighbors, spoke clearly and thoughtfully), the turnover with the union as (the Father, as an elderly person, it was difficult to climb the stairs) Words by name, rank, surname, nickname, clan (Military , in the rank of colonel, helped women and children), names that are enclosed in quotation marks ( "Electron" magazine was written out by the family for several years already).

The last two examples illustrate cases of using an inconsistent application, where the form of the word being defined and the form of the application coincide only in the nominative and accusative cases. A violation in the construction of a proposal with an inconsistent application is a typical mistake allowed by students.

The question of defining applications as a member of a sentence

In Russian linguistics there is no single opinion on the boundaries of the application. This is a controversial member of the proposal. The application is considered to be broadly understood and narrow. So, in the narrow sense of the word, an application is a definition-noun. There is a category of scientists relating to applications any adjective that complements the noun. Others believe that the application is a qualifying construction for the main members of the proposal. There is an opinion that the application is an additional clause. Such different points of view are explained by different criteria - semantic and grammatical, taken as a basis.

Application and Definition

By parsing the sentence, the application can be emphasized with a wavy line, like any definition. The inconsistent definition is similar to the application: it is expressed by the noun in the oblique case. The difference between an application and a definition is that the application, describing the subject, gives it another name. The definition has a descriptive meaning. For example:

• A woman, originally from Moscow, lived opposite.
• A woman with brown eyes was walking along the street.

In the first sentence, an appendix is provided that gave another, additional name to the subject: a native of Moscow means a Muscovite. In the second sentence, an inconsistent definition with brown eyes, that is, brown-eyed , which describes the subject. A violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application or an inconsistent definition is both grammatical and punctuation. It must be remembered that uncoordinated applications that are the names of something are quoted: the play "At the bottom", the suit "Nike", coffee "Arbat" .

Violations in the construction of a sentence: an inconsistent application

An inconsistent application is in most cases a name. At the same time, the application is considered inconsistent if it is in the oblique case in the presence of a generic word. For example, the novel "Path" : here "Path" is a coherent application, since it is in the same number and case as the generic word in the singular, the nominative case. If you use this phrase in the oblique case, then the application becomes inconsistent: in the novel "The Way", in the novel "The Way" , where the application does not change. Harmonization in the case of a generic word and application is a violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.

An inconsistent application in the examination paper

The final work on the Russian language included a task - to find a sentence with incorrect use of the application. This assignment is for compliance, where in the list of sentences it is necessary to find various grammatical errors, including a violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application. The theory on this assignment, given in the tables below, helps to understand the material. Examples will help you understand the essence of the task.

In accordance with the norms of the Russian language, changes in the main word along with the application in indirect cases are violations in the construction of the sentence. An inconsistent application, examples of which are listed in the table, can be changed by case if the sentence contains no main word.

Punctuation when attached

Applications in the proposal can be separated and not separate. There are rules governing the separation of applications.

There are cases of isolation of common applications using dashes. Dash is used for a more semantic selection of the application. For example, the only joy in life was he - her cat. Undistributed single applications are most often separated from the designated word by a hyphen: an old general, a friend, a chiromancer, a Siberian employee .

Punctuation for an unmatched application

The application, like definition, can be detached. In the creative work of students and students, there are punctuation errors in applications and a violation in constructing a sentence with an inconsistent application. Exercises that students can prepare for the exam are given below the table.

Exercises for preparation

1. Correct the proposal: The board of directors was held at Sarenneft.
2. Arrange punctuation: The leader of the first squad nicknamed the leader won the baton.

In the examination papers on the Russian language, a violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application is like a trap for inattentive graduates. In the variants from which you want to choose a sentence with an incorrect use of the application, there are also correctly formulated sentences. For example, Izvestia published an article on agriculture. This is a correctly formulated proposal. A proposal " B" Izvestia published an article on agriculture " - incorrectly compiled.

Difficult cases of finding an application

The application is still a controversial member of the proposal, which causes controversy among linguists. A violation in the construction of a proposal with an inconsistent application is not the only mistake that students can make. The application can be confused with specifying constructions or with a predicate. For example, in the apartment (it was always open) there was no one. In this sentence there is no application, but there is an insertable construction. In the sentence " Sister - my best friend" is also missing application. Here the predicate is expressed by the noun in the nominative case.

The application is an ambiguous member of the sentence, using which, it is necessary to take into account the norms and rules of constructing sentences with applications.