Monologic speech: its features and characteristics

Monologic speech, or monologue - is a form of speech, when one person speaks, the others just listen. Its signs are the length of the statement, which often has a different volume, and the structure of the text, and the theme of the monologue can change in the process of utterance.

Connected monologic speech is divided into two main types. The first is an appeal to the listener. It can be a message that needs to be read to a large number of people, an appeal to the listener or a multitude of listeners. Examples of such a monologue can be lectures or lectures, public speech, judicial speech.

Monological speech of the second type is a conversation with oneself. Such a monologue is sent to an indeterminate listener and, therefore, does not presuppose a response.

From the point of view of linguistics, there are several types of monologues. They depend on the communicative function of speech and all are studied in the school course: a description, a message, a narrative.

The narrative is characterized by the presence of a plot, most often an outset and an outcome. In this case monologic speech is used most often. A clear chronological sequence of actions is more typical for the message. And also this type of speech is used to describe - it is necessary to have the facts that most clearly characterize the described object.

Monologic speech requires the speaker to correctly express and complete his own thoughts, combine various phrases, supplement and modify already acquired speech structures and adapt them in accordance with their goals, discuss facts and disclose known causes of events.

Training monologic speech - is the formation of a person's specific skills and ability to express their thoughts with the help of speech structures. That is, people learn correctly from the point of view of speech constructions and it is interesting to use already acquired materials of the language and to express their thoughts sensibly.

For a satisfactory level of mastering a competent monologic speech, students should develop the following skills and abilities:

1. Construction of narrative and descriptive messages on a familiar topic, you can rely on pictures, files, presentation.
2. Using the assimilated model proposals, compose consecutive messages, connecting them together.
3. To compose descriptive texts expressing their opinion, following the plan drawn up or without it. The text can describe the event, characterize the persons present, express their own impressions.

Monologic speech is improved by exercises that differ in the supports.

1. Exercise with reliance on a plan or situation.
2. Exercise with support on the finished material, for example, answers to questions or a description of a work or film.
3. Exercises with support for the finished text.
4. Exercises based on a visual situation, for example, a description of the subject before the student.
5. Exercises with support on the finished construction, or logic. For example, "I love" or "I do well".