Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding or DMC - a symptom complex, clinically manifested by the flow of blood from the vessels of the uterus.

DMK are divided into:

1. DMK of the juvenile period
2. DMC of reproductive age
3. DMC menopause and postmenopausal

It should be noted that dysfunctional uterine bleeding is also divided into ovulatory (ie when ovulation occurs and the cycle remains biphasic) and anovulatory (no ovulation). The first variant of acute situations is characteristic for the juvenile and reproductive period, and the second for menopause.

Ovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding can proceed as elongation or shortening of the follicular phase, or lengthening or shortening of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.

Atresia or follicle persistence are the main criteria for anovulatory states.

Etiology of bleeding from the uterus:

1. Organic pathology:

- malignant neoplasms of the reproductive system;

- Polyposis;

- adenomatosis;

- myoma of the uterus;

- inflammatory processes in the uterus and appendages;

- endometriosis external and internal;

- Blood disease;

- the use of hormonal drugs;

- abortions, miscarriages, childbirth;

- The Navy.

2. Inorganic:

- stress;

- mental disorders;

- nervous overexcitation;

- intoxication;

- violation of the regime of work and rest;

- rapid loss of body weight.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding may coincide in duration with ordinary menstruation, but be very abundant and painful. It is believed that an increase in the amount of blood during menstruation to 80 ml or more - bleeding. A situation is possible where the outflow is not only abundant, but also long, unceasing. This situation requires urgent measures of influence.

Polymenorrhea - frequent menstruation of normal volume (more often than after 21 days).

Uterine bleeding: symptoms

1. The number of menstrual blood increases, PMS proceeds with a pronounced pain symptom. Menstruation does not go to a decline, and sometimes, on the contrary, the amount of blood increases.
2. The pain in the lower abdomen is intense (especially in the early days).
3. Rapid fatigue and weakness, skin pale, skin becomes dry and dull.
4. Changes in UAC and biochemical blood analysis.
5. On ultrasound, you can see a gaping vessel.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding: treatment

1. Medication stop of acute condition: aminocaproic acid, vikasol. It is possible to infuse the platelet and erythrocyte masses with large blood loss.
2. Use uterotonic drugs, to reduce the musculature of the uterus and vascular thrombosis.
3. Cold on the bottom of the abdomen.
4. Massage of the uterus.
5. Surgical treatment consists in stitching the bleeding vessels of the uterus, the vagina.
6. Scraping of the uterine cavity using a special curette is used, but this does not guarantee that the next menstruation will not cause bleeding again.
7. The introduction of a special balloon into the uterine cavity, which swells, thromboses the vessels.
8. If bleeding profuse and does not stop, then it is necessary to resort to extirpation of the uterus.

As a prophylaxis of new exacerbations of DMC, you can use hormonal drugs courses. Immediately before the expected new menstruation, a woman is recommended to take a course of aminocaproic acid.

As for the general strengthening of the vascular wall, ascorutin and multivitamin preparations are prescribed for at least three months.

A woman must adhere to a diet rich in protein and iron. If anemia develops against the background of DMC, it is necessary to drink a course of iron-containing drugs: Ferrum lek or Sorbifer.

It is also necessary to eliminate inflammatory gynecological diseases and extragenital pathology.