Waterproofing of the roof: materials and their characteristics. Waterproofing the roof with your own hands

The roof of the house must reliably protect its internal space from all unfavorable factors of the external environment. To achieve this, you need not only to try to choose the most suitable roofing material, but also to arrange high-quality waterproofing. About how to do it yourself, we'll talk in this article.

Varieties of modern waterproofing materials

So, what should be the waterproofing of the roof? Materials designed to protect the roofs are divided into the following types:

• Rolling shutters . It is a well-known roofing material and its more modern varieties.
• Lubricating . They represent a variety of liquid mastics.
• Film . The cheapest kind of roofing material. It is used, as a rule, in private housing construction.
• Diffusion . Innovative material that allows you to arrange the best quality waterproofing, and at the same time the most expensive. Its distinctive feature is that it is able to pass moisture from the side of the roofing "pie".

Next, let us consider the advantages and disadvantages of each of these types of insulators.

Rolled waterproofing

Rolling waterproofing materials in the modern market are presented in a wide range. In addition to the roofing material, you can buy euroruberoid, fibergroup, insula, etc. The main advantages of this type of waterproofing include the following:

• Low cost.
• High degree of reliability.
• Relative durability. Served such material can be about fifteen years. At the end of this time, just a couple more layers are laid on the roof.
• Use this material immediately after installation.

The disadvantages of roll waterproofing materials include, first of all, some complexity of installation. An ordinary roofing felt is laid on bituminous mastic. The editing technique resembles the method of pasting walls with wallpaper and is quite time-consuming. However, if you want, you can spend a little more to buy euro- or fibergroup. In this case, it will not be necessary to use mastic. This version is mounted much easier. A gas burner heats the edge of the strip laid on the roof surface. Further, it tightly presses against the roof. As a result, reliable fixation is obtained, which completely eliminates the possibility of leaks.

Mastic for waterproofing the roof

Very often in the process of ensuring the protection of the roof from moisture, various liquid mastics are used. Usually they are used on flat surfaces. Their main advantages include:

• No shrinkage.
• Ecological cleanliness. Modern mastics after drying do not emit any harmful substances into the air.
• Resistance to aggressive chemical media.
• The absence of any seams in the waterproofing layer.

Possessing a lot of advantages, liquid roof waterproofing still has one significant drawback - fragility. Serves such a protective layer for no more than 6 years. After this period, it will begin to flake off the surface, crack and lose all its properties. To the disadvantages of bitumen waterproofing can be attributed and some complexity of its application.

Film waterproofing

Films are often used to perform a procedure such as roof waterproofing. Materials of this type are popular, primarily because of the low cost and ease of installation.

The simplest insulator of this variety is the usual thick polyethylene film. However, since it does not pass water outside, but also from the inside, when used in the "pie" of the roof, it is necessary to arrange a double ventilation layer (between the roofing material and the film and between the film and the heater). Joints of strips are additionally glued with adhesive tape. Specially designed for waterproofing the roof, the film material has an adhesive layer along the edges. This to a certain extent facilitates the installation. However, such polyethylene costs a little more than usual.

More convenient to use are films with an anticondensate layer on the wrong side. This material is able to accumulate moisture vapor on its own, not allowing it to flow down to the heater. The water droplets that are trapped in the film are then gradually evaporated.

Diffusion material

Diffusion membranes are currently the most modern and expensive waterproofing material. Their main distinguishing feature is that they are able to pass moisture from inside the roofing "pie", not allowing it to penetrate from the outside.

At the moment, the diffusion waterproofing material of several varieties is produced:

• Pseudodiffusion. These are products with a low degree of vapor permeability. They are inexpensive, they are used mainly only in cold attics and roofs.
• Diffusive normal vapor permeability. It is a more perfect material used to cover mansards. Experts do not recommend using it on dusty attics, as in this case pores are clogged. Also this version of diffusion membranes can not be used at temperatures below -25 degrees due to freezing of moisture.
• Three-layer superdiffusion membranes. Can be used in the most difficult conditions. Do not be afraid of dust and strong temperature changes, but are quite expensive.

Select a manufacturer

Waterproofing the roof - the procedure is very responsible. On how well it will be performed, depends on the convenience of living in the house, and the longevity of the roof itself. Therefore, the choice of material should be approached with all responsibility. In addition, when buying waterproofing it is worth paying attention to the manufacturer. You need to buy material made only by well-known companies with a good reputation. Next, consider what are the most popular brands of different types of waterproofing.

Known manufacturers of roll materials

The most popular euroruberoid in our country is the product of the Ukrainian company "Aquaizol". It is manufactured using the glass fiber of leading European manufacturers. Polyester company uses its own production. The result is a very high quality and not too expensive material. If we talk about the common roofing material, then the owners of private houses are the best ones who speak about the products of the Samara plant.

Bitumen roof waterproofing: how to choose the manufacturer

To protect roofs from moisture, mastics of such brands as "Elastopaz", "Inopaz", "Master Ruf" and Pazkar are most often used. Using a very high quality water-based polyurethane mastic "Inopaz H2O", a reliable waterproofing of the roof can also be made. The price of this material is not particularly high - 200-250 rubles per kilogram.

Manufacturers of waterproofing films and diffusion membranes

The most famous producers producing conventional non-breathable films are Yutafol (Czech Republic), Takofol (Finland), Tekhnonikol (Russia). They are characterized by low cost and good waterproofing properties. The most popular is the Russian waterproofing of the Izospan roof. If we talk about pseudo-diffusion membranes, then domestic consumers respond best to the products of such brands as Yutafol-D, Svitapfol-D and Elvitek.

Those who decided to choose more modern and expensive "breathable" membranes, should pay attention to the following manufacturers: Divoroll (Germany), "Technonikol" (Russia) and Tyvek (Luxembourg).

Variants of installation of waterproofing materials

The method of mounting the waterproofing material directly depends on its variety. In any case, when covering the roof, certain technologies and recommendations should be observed. On how to properly fix this or that waterproofing material on the roof, we'll talk further.

How to mount rolled waterproofing materials

So, how is the waterproofing of the roof done? Roll-type materials are laid on the roof in this way:

• The surface of the slope is cleaned of dirt and dust and primed with a special agent, which is a mixture of gasoline and bitumen.
• When the primer dries, proceed to pasting the strips of roofing material. Bituminous mastic is usually used for fixation. The surface is smeared with an improvised brush - a rag wound around a long stick. Bitumen is heated in a barrel over a fire and lifted to the roof in buckets. Having dipped the "brush" in a bucket, the roof is smeared with zigzags on the width of the roofing strip. At the opposite end of the ramp, the material is cut with a sharp knife.
• The edges of the strip after gluing in addition pass bitumen.

Typically, roofing material is applied to the roof in two or three layers. For the lower one you can use the usual cheap material. The top layer is laid from the roofing material with sprinkling. At the final stage, all joints of the strips of the upper layer are smeared with mastic right along the top, and while it is not frozen, they are covered with large sand.

How to waterproof the roof with a coating method

Next, we will consider how the roof waterproofing is still performed. Materials liquid bituminous, as already mentioned, are used mainly to protect flat roofs. They can be applied to the surface of the roof with a brush, roller or spray. In any case, a qualitative coverage is obtained.

Waterproofing of the roof with liquid rubber by manual method is carried out using wide rollers or large brushes with short stiff bristles. The composition is first poured onto the roof, and then the rakley is leveled and rubbed. As with the roofing material, the roof in this case is waterproofed in several layers. For the mechanized method, special high-pressure sprayers are used to work with viscous materials. On horizontal surfaces in this case the mixture is applied only in one layer, on vertical surfaces - in 2-3.

The device of waterproofing of a roof with use of film and diffusive materials

In the event that the rafters are made of wide beams and there is an air gap between their upper face and the surface of the insulation, an ordinary polyethylene film can be used for waterproofing the roof. Strips are located on the slopes in the horizontal direction. They fix them to the rafters with small thickness bars to obtain a second ventilating layer. Next on these brusochki stuffed lath and installed roofing material.

Especially strong polyethylene film is not different, and therefore can tear even with small movements of the roof structure (which often occur as a result of temperature expansion). Therefore, to mount this material should not be tight, but with a small sag.

Diffusion films can be laid directly on the heater. In the case of their use, only one ventilation gap is provided - the upper one. Fasten the membrane to the rafters in the same way as the polyethylene film. And in that, and in other case fixing of bars produce on the zinced nails.

The materials discussed above are used for such operations as roof waterproofing. The price of their various types can vary (from four hundred rubles per square meter). The choice of the most suitable type depends, first of all, on the structural features of the roof, as well as on the financial possibilities of the owners of the house.