How to insulate a frame house for winter residence? Materials and technologies

Frame houses today are very popular: they are easy and quick to assemble, do not require the installation of a strengthened and expensive foundation, inexpensive, and therefore accessible to all segments of the population.

Nevertheless, many do not dare to build houses on wireframe technology, because they consider them not warm enough, intended exclusively for summer living. However, this opinion is erroneous, since if it is wise to approach the insulation of the panel house, it will be possible to feel comfortable in it at any time of the year. "But how to insulate a frame house for winter residence?" - you ask. The answer to all questions related to the process of warming such buildings will be our today's article.

Warming options

First of all, you need to determine where you will install the insulation - outside the building or from the inside. To make the right decision, you should consider the features of each method of insulation.

In favor of the external location of insulation, the following facts say:

• In the process of facade insulation, the interior of the house does not suffer at all.

• Wooden walls accumulate inside the heat that is in the room, and when the temperature drops, they return it to the room, allowing you to save on heating.

• It should also be noted that the insulation material installed outside the house, apart from its main function, reliably protects the facade from the harmful effects of moisture, ultraviolet radiation and temperature fluctuations. As a result, the service life of the building is significantly increased.

If you are wondering how to insulate walls in a frame house from the inside, pay attention to a few shortcomings of this method:

• For internal insulation of walls, it is necessary to dismantle all the decorative finishing of the room, which after the installation of the thermal insulation will have to be restored again. This leads to an increase in the duration of work and to additional costs.

• With internal warming, warm and cold air flows occur inside the wall, which leads to accumulation of moisture in the room, as a result - the life of the wooden partitions is significantly reduced.

• The insulation layer located inside the building does not protect the facade from external factors. The wall passes many cycles of freezing and thawing, as a result of which its structure collapses.

The choice of insulation material

Asked about how to insulate a frame house for winter residence, it should be understood that when it comes to walls made of wood-based materials, the heater must have the following qualities:

1. Ecological compatibility. The heat insulator should not release into the air substances hazardous to humans (even when heated).

2. Fire safety. You should choose materials that prevent the spread of fire on the walls of the building and do not emit much smoke in case of fire.

3. Low thermal conductivity.

4. Strength. The thermal insulation material must be densely packed between the piers and retain its original shape over time.

5. Low cost. The price of insulation should not exceed the cost of the building itself.

The most approximate to the above mentioned requirements are foam polystyrene and mineral wool.

Next, let's consider how to better insulate a frame house, and how to do it right.

Styrofoam

The main advantages of foam plastic include its low weight, which is very important when it comes to frame structures. The material perfectly tolerates abrupt temperature jumps, is not afraid of moisture and does not freeze. The durability and low cost of polystyrene attract many homeowners, but along with the positive qualities this insulation has its drawbacks.

They include:

• rapid flammability;

• susceptibility to mechanical and chemical damage;

• Poor air permeability (which causes the thermos effect in the house).

As an alternative, many use an improved variety of foam - foam, which is resistant to various types of damage, but has a higher price tag.

Most often this insulation is installed from the outside of the house.

Mineral wool

The most popular material used as a thermal insulation in frame houses is the mineral wool "Isover" (a heater, whose price, compared to similar materials, is quite low). On sale it is found in the form of rolls, mats and strong slabs.

Mineral wool is characterized by environmental friendliness, light weight, excellent heat and sound insulation performance, the ability to bend any irregularities, as well as the duration of operation.

The fire safety of the material depends entirely on its density. Products in the form of plates do not burn at all.

Choosing this insulation for frame walls, it should be borne in mind that after a while, cotton wool can cake and sag, which leads to a violation of the integrity of the thermal insulation layer. Also due consideration should be given to the waterproofing, because when wet, the glass wool loses its original properties and becomes a favorable environment for the appearance of mold.

Warming of the facade

Let's take a closer look at how to insulate a frame house for winter residence from the outside.

For these purposes, hinged facade technology can be used. It involves the installation of a heater between the outer wall and the decorative lining. In this case, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer directly depends on the climatic conditions in the region of residence (20 cm or more).

This method can be used for internal insulation of walls, and as a decoration, use a lining or drywall.

Technology of insulation of external walls with foam plastic

1. The wall is cleaned of dirt and dust, all the protrusions are smoothed out. The base is completely treated with a primer, and in case of detection of cracks they are covered with special adhesive compounds.

2. Next, install vertical suspensions. Kapron twine with cargoes are located at a distance of 0.5 m from each other in order to identify and eliminate all irregularities (if the walls of the panel house are as flat as possible, this step can be skipped).

3. With the help of special glue, the foam plates are fixed on the walls. It is very important that the material is as tight as possible to the base.

4. A finishing material is installed on top of the heat-insulating layer.

Warming of internal walls

Now we'll figure out how to insulate a frame house with mineral wool.

To install the insulation must be started only after the wall has been treated with antiseptic compounds.

Installation of thermal insulation includes the following works:

1. The walls have a vapor-permeable diffuse membrane so that its smooth side "looks" inside the room.

2. On top of the membrane with the help of self-tapping screws, guide rails made of wood or metal are installed. The distance between the slats should correspond to the width of the insulation material.

3. Installation of mineral wool can begin as from above, and from below the wall. If you use a roll "Isover" (insulation, the price of which varies between 1500-2000 rubles per package), the laying should begin from the ceiling. Mineral wool in mats is mounted, starting from the floor. Fastening is carried out with the help of dowels with a wide bonnet.

4. A waterproofing film is placed on top of the heater . For this purpose, steam-permeable products should be chosen, which will contribute to the natural ventilation of the room. The film is fixed with the help of wooden racks so that it is not strongly stretched and not sagged. Then the lining is mounted.

Conclusion

Now you know how to insulate a frame house for winter residence. At the end of the topic I want to draw your attention to the fact that the thermal insulation will not make the building suitable for living in the cold season - it is designed to keep warm air inside the premises. Therefore, if you want your house to be warm and comfortable even in severe frosts, take care of its heating.