Surkov Alexey Alexandrovich: biography, poems about the war

Many people in our country know this name - Alexei Alexandrovich Surkov. Representatives of the older generation will even be able to read by heart the lines from the poet's poems.

Peru Surkov owns many works, but his most famous poems were written during the Great Patriotic War.

Milestones of biography

The future poet was born in a peasant family in the Yaroslavl province at the very end of the 19th century. Due to poverty, like many of his comrades, he was forced to go to work in "people" at the age of 12 in the capital of the then tsarist Russia, the city of Petersburg.

The revolution and civil war found him young men dreaming of transforming the country and the opportunity to get a good education in order to publish their poems.

Surkov Alexei Alexandrovich, whose biography is full of various events, it is at this time that he makes the first serious decision: he goes to the front and fights on the side of the Red Army.

After the victory, the Bolsheviks return to their native village, where they are actively working. He became a Komsomol member, and in 1925 he joined the party.

In the same years, the poet edited one of the first newspapers in Yaroslavl, which was called the "Northern Komsomol member".

In 1928, there is another important event in the life of the young poet: he moves to his permanent residence in Moscow, the capital of Soviet Russia.

The first literary successes

Surkov Alexey Alexandrovich arrives in Moscow at the Institute of Red Professors and graduates in 1934. Faculty he chooses literary, since even from his youth he dreams about literary glory. Defends the thesis. Becomes a teacher at the Literary Institute.

The glory of the poet does not make you wait. Back in 1930, Surkov released his first collection of poems, which was called "Chant".

In this and his subsequent collections he glorifies courageous fighters for a brighter future, writes about the military feat and valor.

In those years, the most popular of his works were poems "The Coward's Song," "The Last War," "So We Grew Up." The poet is appointed editor of the young magazine "Literary Studies", conducts active public activities, takes part in the Soviet-Finnish war.

At the same time, Surkov creates a family. He marries a young and beautiful woman - writer Sophia Antonovna Krevs. In marriage, a daughter and a son were born.

The Great Patriotic War

The war caught the poet at the front. As a front-line correspondent, Surkov Alexei Alexandrovich visited most of the battles of the Great Patriotic War.

He wrote not only notes in the newspapers, but also verses that helped the Soviet soldiers to endure difficult days.

The poet himself, having gone through another civil war, was not afraid of death, boldly looking into her face. Remained the memories of his friends, which testify to the extraordinary courage of Surkov.

During the war years the poet published many beautiful poems. And these were his most famous works: "The Song of the Defenders of Moscow", "Not a step back", "The Song of the Bold", "Poems about Hatred".

However, Alexei Alexandrovich Surkov, whose poems breathe hatred of his enemies and belief in the victory of the Soviet people, remained in the memory of most people as the author of only one beautiful poem, which later became a folk song.

Let's briefly describe the history of this poem.

A masterpiece of the poet

Now we all know this work as a poem "In a dugout". "The fire is beating in a close stove ..." - who does not know these famous terms?

The poem was written by the author in the terrible days and nights of the defense of Moscow, when enemies could see from their binoculars the towers and domes of the Kremlin. The wounded and dead were a huge number, death was waiting for the fighters everywhere (that's why there is a phrase in the poem that there are only 4 steps to death).

However, this poem is not about death, but about life. It is permeated with love for a woman and the hope of meeting her. In this poem, two images are intertwined: the earthly mother woman, who, swinging a cradle with a child, thinks about her husband at the front, and Motherland, which mourns for all of her dead children.

The poem is a poet and sent to his wife, who is in evacuation with her daughter, in a simple soldier's envelope-triangle.

When the work was published, it became as popular as the lines of Simonov's same age and friend Surkov, the poet who wrote the famous lines "Wait for me ..." from the front to his wife Valentina Serova.

By the way, it was Surkov Simonov who dedicated his famous poem "Do you remember, Alyosha ...?".

After the war

Surkov Alexey Alexandrovich graduated from the war in 1945 in the rank of lieutenant colonel. He wrote a lot, published a collection of poems about victory.

After the war, the poet continued his literary career as editor of the magazine Ogonyok and many other publications. He taught at the Literary Institute, published poems by Russian and Soviet poets.

Surkov Alexei Alexandrovich, whose work includes about 20 poetic collections, a huge number of literary critical articles, has achieved real fame. He was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, he was a Laureate of two Stalin Prizes. Surkov also achieved great heights in the leadership of the CPSU. He conducted an active political work.

Colleagues in the literary department differently assessed his creative legacy and social activities. Among them were those who called Surkov a party functionary, but there were people who understood the subtle lyricism of his poems, guessing that he was primarily a writer.

The poet died, having reached the age of 83. He was buried at Novodevichy Cemetery.

Importance of creativity

Many years have passed since the death of Surkov. The social and political system has changed, and the country itself has changed. Much is forgotten, many events have received the reconsideration.

But the name of Surkov is known today to many Russians because once this man wrote wonderful verse lines about the courage and love that the whole country knows: "There is a fire in a tight stove ...". And I always want to sing this song and admire its beauty and sincerity.