Chinese perch where dwells?

Aucha (or Chinese perch) is a typical representative of the Percichthyidae family, one of the few that live in fresh water bodies. His name is often mentioned in various epic works.

Description

The body of the perch has a bright color. Light yellow sides are cast in silver. Against this background, a lot of dark spots and specks of different shapes. The back is highlighted in a greenish gray color. Such a colorful appearance is due to the habitat - Chinese perch auha prefers to be among stones and water vegetation, waiting for its prey. The basis of his diet is small fry, on which he jumps out of ambush.

Like any predator, the main perch's weapons are teeth. They are arranged in several rows on both sides. Anal fin and abdominal are equipped with spines. The length of the adult can be up to 70 cm, weight varies from 7 to 10 kg.

Distribution and habitats

Abroad, aukha occurs in the rivers of the People's Republic of China and Korea. In Russia, it lives mainly in the entire area of the middle Amur, in its tributaries (Ussuri, Sungari) and in Lake Khanka. Occasionally falls on Sakhalin. There he is more noticeable on the northwestern shore of Lake Sladky. Cold mountain rivers and streams Chinese perch tries to avoid. Aucha loves clean warm water, so often floods in small floodplain lakes. After spawning, the perch is distributed in the channel of the Amur and floodplain reservoirs. All the summer he weighted his weight, eating intensively. In the autumn, he moves to winter for the Amur River. Both young and adult individuals spend the cold season there, leading a sedentary and half-awake lifestyle at the very bottom. And next spring, immediately after the ice drift, again sharply intensified.

Biology of auk

Sexual maturity of Chinese perch acquires to five years of existence, at this time the length of the fish reaches from 30 to 40 centimeters.

To spawn, the aukha goes in summer, when the water temperature reaches +20 ... +26 ⁰С. Before this, he eats heavily, spending several hours in ambush. Caviar is used in portions and repeatedly. Fish is characterized by excellent fertility - one individual can sweep around 160 thousand eggs during the summer season. Each of them is wrapped in a fat drop. Further development of eggs continues in the water column or on its surface, so it was called pelagic. This type of spawning increases the chances of survival of the species. A few days later, larvae appear from the caviar, and in two weeks - fry, which immediately begin to obtain food. The young begin to hunt quite early. These tiny (no more than 5 mm), but very bloodthirsty creatures eat fry of other fish, but sometimes they can feed even their smaller relatives. At the same time, the growth of the okunks is increasing even more intensively. The ration of the adult is mainly non-commercial fish, such as minnow, vostobrushka, Chebak, gorchak, Sazanchik. A considerable part of it is accounted for by a river killer whale.

During the hunt, the Chinese perch suddenly rushes into small fish, grabs them from above over the ridge area, then quickly pulls using the head muscles, and breaks the victim in half. The meal of the auk begins with the tail, because eating a fish from the head can harm the predator, and in some cases, destroy it. According to its predatory manifestations, Chinese perch is not inferior to the pike and even surpasses it in this.

Number of

Chinese perch, the description of which is given at the beginning of this article, refers to the smallest species that live in the Amur. In the last decade, there are mostly single specimens. The reduction in its quantity is caused by intensive catch by the producers at the sites of the main spawning grounds that are located on the territory of China. Other causes are associated with the loss of larvae during the transition to active feeding. By this time there is not enough feed. They are the larvae of other fish, which appear later. Many young animals die in the period of the first wintering. During the rapid fall of water in the fall, it remains in floodplain reservoirs. A significant role in reducing the number of Chinese perch was played by environmental pollution.

Security measures

Unfortunately, the amount of this fish in the reservoirs is decreasing every year. The reason is illegal fishing in the spawning grounds, which led to the fact that perch was brought into the Red Book due to a decrease in the number of this species. Catch it on a fishing trip with a fishing rod - a rare phenomenon.

The Chinese perch of auha (photo of it can be found in this article) is protected in places recognized as natural state reserves, among which there are quite famous ones, such as Hankai and Bolon. There are also many contracts with Chinese partners regarding protection, protection and ways to increase the population. It brings its positive results.

Experts believe that today the risk of the disappearance of Chinese perch in the vicinity of the Amur River is completely absent, and they suggest moving this fish to the fifth line in the Red Book. They are confident of the possibility of a complete restoration and revival of this freshwater fish population with the help of nature conservation, creation of reserves, work with Chinese colleagues and many other various factors.

It is known that in recent years people engaged in fish farming have not only grown this perch in ponds, but also introduced small representatives of the population into flowing reservoirs, thereby increasing the habitat of fish. Perhaps, thanks to the above, recently on the Amur already there is a sufficient amount of this fish.

Fishing places

In the middle and lower currents of the Amur, Chinese perch are quite good. Where he lives a lot of it, so it's on the site from Blagoveshchensk to Malmyzh. Here is the largest spawning ground in Russia. And if earlier the perch in these places was caught mainly by networks of various firms and companies, in recent years aukha began to appear more and more in catches of simple amateur fishermen, which indicates a certain increase in the population of this fish, but so far only in the Amur basin area.