Shade-loving vegetables for the garden. Planting a garden

Planning and planting a garden is always relevant for summer residents. For novice gardeners, happy owners of several acres of land, it is very important first to plan the work. Those who have always dreamed about giving, have long made a list of what will grow on their site. The list is made up by the whole family, and each brings in their favorite vegetables, and often does not grow in a specific locality, but imported from exotic countries.

It's time to really appreciate the desires and opportunities. Is it all that you want, suitable for growing in your climate? Recall that most vegetables like and can grow only in the sun, and there are shade-loving vegetables for the garden. And there are such coveted, but to get their harvest in your area can not do without the construction of greenhouses. You need to think seriously.

The plan of a kitchen garden

First of all, the plan for the entire site must be divided into zones. Mark the places of development (house with garage, hozblok, bath, pool, sports ground, etc.), which are already available or are planned to be. It is necessary to determine where the fruit trees and shrubs will be planted. Maybe something already exists, and they can and should be saved and inscribed in the plan. And now it is very important to identify on the plan the sites for planting and their illumination. What areas will be under the sun all day, which in the penumbra or partially shined with the sun? And for those who are not indifferent, what vegetables like a shadow, note places where it will be cool and shady always. Taking into account the illumination, the relief, the water sources, to plan the planting of vegetable crops in beds, so that you do not wind the circles with the shovel around the site and do not mix the neighbors - truck farmers with experience.

Soil preparation

Shade-loving vegetables for the garden and those that do not give the harvest without the sun, need fertile soil. If the land you got loamy, you are very lucky. It almost does not require fertilizers. Planting a garden for owners of such land can begin without studying the issue of organic or mineral fertilizers. The worst variant is solonetz soil. It should be fertilized every year. To save money on the purchase of fertilizers, they can be cooked independently in spring and summer, and in the autumn bury in the ground. Underground waters, the surrounding atmosphere affect the acidity of the soil. Shade-loving vegetables and greens love a weakly acidic earth. Sour soil will please lovers of growing potatoes, though, if the size of your site is sufficient. Potatoes are a culture that requires a lot of space for planting.

Preparation of seeds and seedlings

Different summer residents solve this issue in different ways. One is easier to trust the well-established specialty shops of experienced neighbors. But there are daredevils who, throughout the winter, grow their own seedlings in greenhouses from seeds harvested on their own plot. When assessing the necessary number of these seeds and seedlings, it is necessary to proceed, again, from the size of the plot, the number of people you want to feed fresh vegetables from your own bed, and the average consumption rates of these vegetables per person. To choose varieties of vegetables is necessary taking into account the natural-climatic zone and the illumination of the site. This is not so costly as burning shade-loving vegetables for the garden under the scorching sun in an open area. Acquiring experience in planting and growing vegetables, excellent yields can be achieved without increasing or changing the shape of the site.

In the shadow of the neighbors

To ensure that the land is not depleted and enjoy a good harvest of vegetables, it is best to choose a mixed planting technique. Many vegetables are ideal neighbors. The main thing is to pick them right. One species is always the main one, and in its shade is planted quickly ripening shade-loving vegetables for the garden. Often such crops protect the main view from parasites and pests. And the sun-loving plants preserve their greenery with greens and vegetables, growing in the shade from the destructive open sun for them. In the shade of bushes of tomatoes and peppers, plant basil, spinach, lettuce well. Leaves spinach well retain moisture. A salad is generally the best neighbor for any plant. The same and radish, they can compact any plants, planting on both sides of the main vegetable. The fruits of cucumbers will taste better if dill and garlic grows in the neighborhood. And some climbing plants such as peas and beans can even be used as a living fence. Bean vegetables are planted on the northern side of the site, as they themselves do not like direct sun all day. Choosing which vegetables to plant in the shade of the main crop, do not forget that there is a complete intolerance of some species among themselves. Do not sit next to onions and sage, tomatoes and dill, cabbage and garlic.

Quantity and quality of light

An important question: how many hours a day there is an absolute shadow on the site planned for landing. After all, even in a very shady garden, the sun looks in. The crown of trees creates diffused light. And for very dry areas of this quality, light is much more useful for growing vegetable crops.

And there are fans of the coolness of the full shadow.

Harvest of garden greenery in the garden

Do you live in the southern latitudes? Most of your site is occupied by a garden. The garden is well maintained, yields good harvests of fruits and berries. The crown and root system of fruit trees formed, and there is enough space for growing vegetable crops. You have a question about what vegetables like a shadow. First of all, this vegetable garden. Dill, parsley, basil will be on your table as soon as the snow comes down and until late autumn. Spicy herbs are often planted specifically to protect fruit trees from the moth and scare away slugs in the thickets of currants. And what kind of garden without honey grass Melissa, mint, tarragon, ornamental wormwood? But it should be remembered that all the greens grow very fast. Most of it can be harvested for the winter. Melissa and mint dry and add to tea. If there are a lot of greenery, then when it is planted, you can put limiters. In this case, it is important not to damage the roots of fruit trees. It is safer to do manual weeding. Choose you: protection from moth and fragrant tea or periodic manual weeding of spicy greenery.

Planting vegetables in the near-bottom zone

After the spring pruning of the garden, fruit trees are often planted in the near-trunk area of fruit trees to protect them from fruit trees, and shade-loving vegetables for cottages. Protect the apple and pear trees and at the same time get a decent harvest can be from the twisted varieties of tomatoes and cucumbers. In addition, tomatoes grown in such conditions suffer less from phytoplores than those planted in vegetable gardens. The crown of fruit trees protects tomatoes from rain and dew.

Under the trees, some beans feel good. In the garden under the trees, beans are often planted to enrich the soil with nitrogen.

Special vegetable

In the south, the gardeners have a special garden vegetable - garlic. It is often planted next to peaches and nectarines to protect trees from twisting leaves in hot climates. Only need to carefully dig out the garlic so as not to damage the roots. He is planted in the shadow of bushes of gooseberries, black and red currants. For the same purposes, planted southern perennial grass jusai, similar to wild garlic. And, maybe, she herself will live wild leek. A medicinal plant, similar in taste to garlic and onions, is a storehouse of vitamins.

Cabbage of all kinds

For shade white cabbage: the wetter and cooler, the better. Seeds of Brussels sprouts are sown at first in a container. And shoots are planted in the soil in spring in a shaded place, but in not very moist soil. In the shade of the garden, you can get a healthy harvest of broccoli cabbage. Just do not forget to weed out more often.

The most shade-loving

To large fans of a shadow it is possible to carry a beet. But for this vegetable every year you need a new place for sowing. Beets do not tolerate their phytoncides. And under the trees it is dangerous to plant, when digging out you can damage the roots. And here the radish in this plan is convenient and harmless. Rather ripe and do not dig it, but pull it out with its hands, thus loosening the soil in the garden. No salting can do without horseradish. This, perhaps, is the most shade-loving vegetable. It should be planted in the darkest places of the garden, preferably under the fence, but further away from the trees so that when digging out the roots of horseradish it does not damage the fruit roots.

Rare, but useful

A rare plant now - long-term rhubarb, grows very well in the shade. Grow it from seeds. And that it is strengthened and rooted, you must not forget to water it abundantly. Leaf mustard, arugula, chard in the shade of the garden will not give huge leaves. But they will not be bitter, they will not tire, they will not go into color, but will be tender until the autumn.