Removal of the polyp of the cervical canal. Cervical canal polyp: laser removal

Polyps in the cervix are a common problem. Such a diagnosis is often faced by patients of gynecological departments. That is why the questions about what the removal of the cervical canal polyp is, are becoming more urgent. What methods of treatment does modern medicine offer? What are the complications of the removal procedure?

What is a polyp?

Polyp is a benign formation of small size. It is characterized by a tree-like shape and the presence of a leg, by means of which it is attached to the tissues of the cervical canal (the stem can be either broad or thin).

In most cases, polyps are formed in the outer part of the cervical canal, on its border with the external throat. On the other hand, such neoplasms can germinate in any part of the cervix. Polyps can have different sizes and shapes. Approximately 25% of cases of neoplasm in the cervical canal are polyps.

The main reasons for the formation of polyps

Today, many people are wondering why the cervical canal polyp is formed . The reasons for the appearance of such a structure may be different. In most cases, the formation of a polyp is associated with a disturbance in the normal hormonal background. For example, such structures are often found in women in menopause. In addition, the risk factors include diseases of the endocrine system, malfunctions in the work of immunity, as well as permanent stresses that affect the level of hormones.

There is also a link between the formation of polyps and the penetration of infection into the organs of the reproductive system. Such structures can be formed against the background of genital herpes, human papilloma virus, candidiasis, ureaplasmosis, trichomoniasis, mycoplasmosis and other sexually transmitted diseases.

Of course, these are not all the factors that under the influence of which a cervical canal polyp is formed . Causes can arise in various ailments of the reproductive system. Risk factors include such diseases as myoma, cervical erosion, endometriosis, atrophic colpitis, ovarian cystosis and some others.

The main types of polyps

To date, there are many classification systems for such neoplasms. For example, if we take into account the histological characteristics, then we can distinguish the following types of these structures:

• The glandular polyp of the cervical canal is formed from endometrial tissue, in which the glandular cells are chaotically located. Such neoplasms, as a rule, have small sizes. After their removal, additional therapy is not required.
• More dangerous is the fibrous polyp of the cervical canal, which is formed from dense fibrous tissues. In the presence of such a neoplasm, patients require hormonal therapy, since there is a risk of degeneration into a malignant tumor. By the way, most often such polyps are found in elderly patients.
• There is also a mixed (glandular-fibrous) form of the neoplasm. This polyp consists of both endometrial cells and connective tissue elements. By the way, it can expand and reach a relatively large size.

What symptoms are accompanied by the disease?

The clinical picture with such a pathology depends on the number and size of the polyps. For example, small, single neoplasms rarely cause any significant deterioration in the condition of a woman. In most cases, all symptoms are associated with trauma or inflammation of the polyp. In such cases, the patient complains of the pulling pains in the lower abdomen. Sometimes there is the appearance of mucous or mucopurulent discharge, which is associated mainly with the inflammatory process. In case of trauma to neoplasms, bloody or susceptible secretions may appear.

But, according to statistical data, in most cases, the disease is diagnosed accidentally during ultrasound or gynecological examination.

Basic diagnostic measures

As already mentioned, the formation and growth of polyps often occur without any physical symptoms. And most often the tumor is detected during a routine gynecological examination with the help of mirrors. In the future, the patient is advised to undergo a number of additional studies.

For example, procedures such as cervicoscopy and colposcopy are quite informative. The doctor has the opportunity to examine the structure of the polyps, and also to detect the presence of ulcers, sites of inflammation or necrosis. In addition, gynecological ultrasound is performed, which makes it possible to establish the presence or absence of polyps directly in the uterine cavity.

Further biopsy of the polyp or scraping of the cervix is performed. The material received during the procedure is sent to the laboratory for histological examination - the results of it allow to judge whether the tumor is benign.

In addition, patients undergo additional tests. In particular, it is important to undergo an examination with an endocrinologist, make a biochemical blood test, determine the level of hormones in the blood, and pass a smear to a bacterial culture. All these studies help to find out the cause of polyp formation, which is also very important.

What are the cervical canal polyps?

Before considering the main methods of removal of the polyp of the cervical canal, it is worthwhile to get acquainted with information about what are dangerous such neoplasms. As already mentioned, the polyp is a benign structure. Nevertheless, in some cases, tissue degeneration is possible. That is why in no case can you ignore the doctor's instructions or do self-medication before a complete diagnosis - various traditional medicine or even medication if used improperly can provoke the process of cell degeneration into malignant neoplasms.

How is the polyp removed?

How is the removal of the cervical canal polyp? The procedure for the procedure here depends on where the neoplasm is located. The operation is performed under general anesthesia. During the procedure, the doctor "unscrews" the polyp with the help of surgical instruments, after burning the place of attachment of his leg.

If the polyp sprouts too close to the external throat of the canal, then its leg is completely excised, followed by a procedure for scraping the cervical canal, and sometimes the uterus. A hysteroscope is used to remove deeply located polyps.

Polyp of the cervical canal: treatment

During the surgical operation, the polyp is removed. But still it is necessary to process his bed - the place where the leg of the tumor was attached. Only this can prevent relapses of the disease in the future.

Various methods are used for processing. In particular, for cauterization of the foot of a small polyp, a special drug called "Solkagin" is used. At the processing site, a crust is formed, which itself is rejected after a few days.

In addition, doctors often use liquid nitrogen to treat the bed. On pathological tissues are affected by ultra-low temperatures - this disrupts the processes of vital activity of cells and leads to their death. But in this case it is very important to correctly calculate the depth of tissue treatment.

In some cases, the affected tissue site is cauterized by high-frequency electric current. Radiation-induced treatment is considered more sparing and effective today.

This is how the cervical canal polyp is removed. The operation, however, is associated with a risk of infection of the tissues. That is why the patient is prescribed antibacterial drugs before and after the procedure.

Removal of the polyp by laser therapy methods

To date, more and more popular methods of laser therapy, which allow you to quickly get rid of such an unpleasant and dangerous problem as the polyp of the cervical canal. Laser removal has its advantages. The essence of the procedure remains the same, but better and more modern equipment is used. For example, the use of a special camera allows the doctor to conduct a more extensive examination.

How is the cervical canal polyp removed with a laser? As a matter of fact, tissues layer by layer evaporate under the influence of a laser beam. Moreover, there is an instant cauterization of blood vessels, which minimizes the risk of infection of tissues. In addition, this technique does not cause scar tissue. The procedure lasts no more than 3-4 hours and does not require subsequent hospitalization.

Rehabilitation period

If the removal of the polyp of the cervical canal is left behind, this does not mean that the treatment is completely finished. The rehabilitation period lasts 3-4 weeks and requires compliance with certain rules. Undoubtedly, at first the woman faces postoperative discomfort, in particular, abundant mucous secretions (sometimes with blood impurities), and also slight pulling pains in the lower abdomen.

In the first month after removing the tumor, you can not have sex. In addition, during this period, any physical activity, including weight lifting and training in the gym, is contraindicated. During menstruation, you need to use gaskets - you should forget about tampons for a while. Also, do not arbitrarily conduct douches - if there is a need for such a procedure, the doctor will tell you. And, of course, it is worth not to visit baths and saunas, as well as taking hot baths - you only need to wash under the shower.

Sometimes during the procedure, it is not possible to completely remove the leg of the polyp. In such cases, there is a high probability of relapse. That is why it is extremely important to find out what exactly caused the appearance of the polyp and provide the patient with appropriate preventive therapy. For example, if the neoplasm was the result of endocrine disorders, then women are prescribed hormonal drugs. Depending on the primary cause of polyp growth, therapy during the rehabilitation period can be supplemented with antibacterial or antiviral agents.

Polyp of the cervical canal: removal, patient feedback on the procedure

Of course, many women have already gone through similar procedures. And today the patients are interested in questions about what the polyp of the cervical canal is (removal, feedback is also of interest to them). According to statistical data, with the help of modern medicine methods, it is possible to easily eliminate such neoplasms. Feedback about the procedure is mostly positive. It does not take much time and does not require long hospitalization. Of course, in the first few days there is a slight discomfort, and even soreness, which, however, is easily suppressed by anesthetics. The main thing is that the patients say, carefully follow the doctor's recommendations after the procedure and regularly undergo preventive check-ups.

Preventive actions

Unfortunately, there are no drugs that can permanently eliminate the risk of neoplasm in the reproductive system. However, sometimes it is much easier to prevent the development of the disease than to later agree to the removal of the polyp of the cervical canal. First of all, women are advised to carefully monitor their personal hygiene. In addition, do not miss planned preventive examinations at the gynecologist - this will give the doctor the opportunity to diagnose the violations in time. And, of course, all diseases of the reproductive and endocrine systems must be treated on time.

Folk methods of polyps treatment

Undoubtedly, traditional medicine offers a lot of its own resources, capable to get rid of such a problem as the polyp of the cervical canal. Treatment in this case is carried out using the means that can be found in every home. For example, tampons with garlic are considered quite effective. First you need to grind several cloves of garlic, wrap the resulting gruel in gauze, forming a tampon. Attach a long thread to one end. Put the tampon deep into the vagina and leave it overnight. But do not forget that garlic juice can damage the mucous membrane of the vagina. Therefore, before starting such treatment, be sure to consult a doctor.