Endocrine system - symptoms of abnormalities in work.

Everyone knows that the endocrine system controls a lot of functions in the body. Especially this control concerns metabolism and cell activity. It should be noted that the endocrine system consists of many organs that produce hormones, the most important of which are pancreas and thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries and testes. Therefore, the violation of the endocrine system leads to neoplasms in the glands, which, in turn, causes the production of hormones in large quantities. Autoimmune and other diseases, the causes of which are still unknown (for example, diabetes), are the result of dysfunction of the system. Many endocrine disorders cause characteristic symptoms in the form of various changes in the body.

Diseases of the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands are a paired organ that secretes hormones. They are located behind the abdominal cavity between the kidneys. The adrenal glands consist of an outer part called the cortical layer and an inner or medullary layer. Any problems that arise during the functioning of the adrenal glands are associated with excessive or inadequate hormone production. In case of a cortical layer, the adrenal glands produce too much hormone, which can lead to a disease like Cushing's syndrome. There is also a risk of developing hypertension or hirsutism, increased blood glucose and other symptoms. Deficiency of adrenal hormones can lead to Addison's disease, which is manifested in skin pigmentation. The most common cause of the disease is a tumor in the adrenal glands.

Pituitary diseases. The pituitary gland is the gland that is located in the brain next to the sphenoid bone, at the level of the nasal cavity. Pituitary dysfunction can have two different symptomatic patterns. Pituitary hormones play an important role in the human body, so regardless of whether they are absent or in excess, their dysfunction leads to a number of anomalies in which the endocrine system begins to malfunction. Dwarfism or gigantism is a consequence of the incorrect work of the pituitary gland.

Diseases of the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is a small area in the brain that is in the middle between the right and left hemispheres of the brain. The hypothalamus, like the endocrine system as a whole, performs many different functions, so that its improper operation can lead to sleep disturbance and body temperature control, as well as loss of appetite. There may be problems with sexual activity. An insufficient amount of antidiuretic hormone in the hypothalamus can lead to significant loss of water in the body, which very quickly leads to dehydration.

Diseases of the thymus gland. The thymus is behind the sternum in the chest. Along with the growth and development of the body, iron also increases, which atrophic at adolescence. Thus, the thymus plays a rather important role at the initial stage of life. The congenital absence of the thymus gland can lead to the absence of T-lymphocytes and, consequently, immunity. Thymus in young children is not yet fully developed, which leads to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases.

Diseases of the thyroid gland. The endocrine gland that produces iodine-containing hormones plays an important role in the development, growth and work of the entire nervous system. Most of the problems in the functioning of the thyroid gland are caused by its inflammation, hyperthyroidism (excess hormones lead to rapid weight loss, diarrhea and rapid heartbeat) or hypothyroidism (a lack of hormones leads to weight gain, constipation, apathy, passivity and dry skin).