Morphological analysis of a noun: example, highlights

Morphological analysis of the noun, an example of which we will consider in this article, is a very popular kind of work in Russian language lessons. The fact is that in this way you can easily understand how well the students are oriented in the topic with respect to this part of the speech.

What does morphological analysis of a word (noun) cover? Examples are given to your attention.

Noun as part of speech

The noun is very common in Russian. It is called to name objects and phenomena that surround a person. And there are a lot of them. A quarter of all the words that we use fall specifically on nouns.

This part of the speech answers the questions: "who?" Or "what?". It all depends on whether the animate object or not. In addition, do not forget about case-based questions.

Carrying out the morphological analysis of the noun (we shall demonstrate an example of it later), it should be noted that several meanings of this part of speech can be singled out:

1. Specific. They denote tangible objects, for example: a book, a magazine, a table, a person, a bird.
2. Real. Denote any substance - coffee, sugar, water, silk.
3. Distracted. Denote phenomena that can not be felt: thought, love, teaching, crying.
4. Collective. They mean the set as a whole - students, children, gnats, foliage.

Constant and non-permanent signs: what's the difference

Any morphological analysis of a word, with or without examples, includes a listing of characteristics. In any variable part of the speech they will be divided into permanent and non-permanent.

The fact is that almost any part of speech (except gerunds and adverbs) can change its form. The noun is also subject to change. Depending on the grammatical structure of the sentence, we use different endings - this is called form formation. Similar signs and will be unstable. For a noun, these are numbers and cases.

Unstable morphological features are unchanged regardless of grammar. The noun will always be of a certain kind (masculine, middle or feminine) or declension (first, second or third). In addition, one can unequivocally talk about its animality or inanity, as well as whether it's own or common.

General grammatical meaning

Prove that a specific part of the speech is necessary before us, then a morphological analysis of the noun begins. Example:

We flew by plane to the resting place.

Airplane (than?) - a noun, because it denotes an object.

In addition, you must specify the initial form (the word is put in the singular name singular). In this case, the initial form will be the aircraft .

Let us give another example, where the general grammatical meaning is an abstract concept:

All sorts of thoughts visited Natalia before going to bed.

Thoughts (what?) - a noun, because Denotes an abstract concept. The initial form is thought .

Permanent signs

In the analysis of a part of speech, it is also necessary to indicate permanent morphological characteristics. Let us dwell on them in more detail. First, we determine whether we have a proper noun or a nominal noun.

Most of the words in this part of the speech in Russian are common; They call homogeneous objects and phenomena. Their distinguishing feature is that they are written with a small letter if they do not stand at the beginning of the sentence: a car, a table, a book, a person, a tree . Own nouns denote unique objects and phenomena - these are all kinds of toponyms, names and surnames.

Secondly, we define animation. If the noun refers to living nature - it will be animate, otherwise - not.

The declination category also refers to permanent morphological features. There are three declensions in the Russian language. Their table is provided in the article.

The genus of the noun also refers to permanent attributes, it is unchanged in this part of speech.

Unstable signs

During the analysis of a part of speech, it is necessary to indicate the formative or non-permanent features. Without them, morphological analysis of the noun's name is impossible. Examples:

The tourists slowly approached the lake.

To the lake - is used in the dative case, singular.

The girl stood outside the door of the office and did not dare enter.

Behind the door - used in the instrumental, plural.

Thus, to non-constant morphological signs of a noun, we include the case and number.

Syntactic role

The syntactic role in the sentence completes the morphological analysis of the noun. Example:

A gentle spring sun appeared from behind the clouds .

Has appeared (whence?) Because of the clouds . The noun cloud is a circumstance with a preposition. With a written analysis, you can simply emphasize it appropriately.

There is in the sentence one more noun - the sun .

Has appeared (what?) The sun . In the sentence it is subject.

Example parsing

How does the morphological analysis of the nouns completely look like? The plan and sample of written analysis are as follows:

1. General grammatical meaning. We indicate which question the word answers. What it calls - an object, an abstract concept, a substance or has a collective meaning.
2. The initial form. It is necessary to put the word in the nominative case of the singular.
3. Constant morphological signs. The nominal or proprietary, the category of animation, decline, gender.
4. Symptoms are not permanent. We specify in what form the noun is used in this sentence, given the number and case.
5. Syntactic role. Be sure to specify in the phrase with the question. We must not forget about the preposition relating to this member of the sentence.

As an example, let's analyze all nouns from the sentence:

All the guys ran out into the field to enjoy the warm summer rain.

1. Rebyatnya (who?) - a noun, calls a collective image.
2. The initial form is a child .
3. Permanent characteristics: common, animated, 1st declension, feminine gender.
4. Unstable characteristics: it is used in the form of a singular (it has only this form, since it is collective) of the nominative case.
5. Has run out (who?) Children - in the offer is a subject.

On the field (on what?) - a noun, because Names an object.

1. The initial form is a field.
2. Permanent characteristics: common, inanimate, 2 declination, middle genus.
3. Unstable characteristics: used in the accusative singular.
4. Ran out (where?) On the field - in the sentence is a circumstance with a pretext.

The rain (to what?) - a noun, because Calls the phenomenon of nature.

1. Initial form - rain
2. Permanent characteristics: common, inanimate, 2 declination, masculine.
3. Unstable characteristics: used in the dative singular.
4. Pleasure (what?) The rain - in the sentence is a supplement.