Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin: Biography

Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili is one of the most controversial political figures of the twentieth century. He was considered and now many consider a tyrant and a despot, he was hated and adored at the same time.

Stalin - his biography is not easy, and still many of its moments remain a mystery for historians. His life has changed his direction a few times. A hard, strong-willed man, not bowing to difficulties-that's who Joseph Stalin was. His biography was described by various people. IV Dzhugashvili was accused of both links with the tsarist "secret police" and treason. But, despite everything, the USSR was at the peak of its economic and military might at the beginning of the second half of the 20th century, and Stalin made a considerable contribution to this. A brief biography, presented below, is unlikely to fully describe the talent of this person.

December 18, 1878 in the small Georgian village of Gori Joseph Stalin was born. At the age of ten he entered the theological seminary, where he showed himself from the very best side, and on the advice of teachers at the age of 16 went to study in a seminary in the city of Tiflis.

In 1897 young Dzhugashvili learned about Marxism. From this moment, his fate began to change abruptly. A year later, in August 1898, he became a member of the "Mesame Dasi" - a small Social Democratic organization, and already in the autumn of 1901 IV Dzhugashvili became a member of the RSDLP Committee in the city of Tiflis. There he took the name of Koba in honor of one of the heroes of the novel by Alexander Kazbegi. After the second congress of the RSDLP, there was a split in the organization, the party divided into Bolsheviks and Mensheviks. Koba took the side of the first, their principles and norms.

The party's comrades characterized Stalin as an unprincipled revolutionary: it was much more important for him, and people were only a means to an end. The acquaintance with Lenin, which occurred in 1905, made an unpleasant impression on him: Stalin was disappointed in the Leader as in man. By 1917, a significant part of the population of Russia was already inclined to the Bolshevik movement. At this time, Stalin, along with Kamenev, headed the newspaper Pravda.

During the civil war, Stalin was appointed head of the division in the south. The confusion of the civil war allowed Kobe to intervene in almost any military decision. Stalin had the largest number of acquaintances, both with local party leaders and with Soviet leaders.

In the Soviet government Dzhugashvili was already in the post of People's Commissar for Nationalities. His desire to centralize power has led to numerous conflicts with the leaders of Georgia and Ukraine.

In 1922, Stalin assumed the post of General Secretary. After the death of Lenin, Koba appeared before the people as his successor. In the farewell speech he delivered, he spoke already on behalf of the party and the people. He was supported by friends whom Koba appointed to high posts in the apparatus of government of the country.

Having defeated the opposition, Stalin threw all his forces at the spread of socialism throughout the world. People in his understanding were pawns. They had to either die, or complete the task. His program of collectivization caused a wave of protests. The dispossessed peasants gathered in gangs and left for the woods.

Stalin conducted the same political struggle in the same way. All the increasing conversations about his dismissal were announced at the XVII Congress of the CPSU (B.). On it was also pronounced the surname of Kirov. The shot sounded on the first day of winter of 1931 interrupted the life of a man who could replace Stalin in his post. In the murder, Koba accused his longtime opponents - Zinoviev and Kamenev.

The so-called cleansing that began after this process affected about four to five million people, of which about 10 per cent were shot. The "population" of the Gulag archipelago at the time was about 13 million people. Against the backdrop of such events, the name of Stalin was lauded. He was extolled as the true savior of the people: the so-called personality cult emerged .

By 1939, the purge was completed, Stalin turned his gaze on foreign policy. The USSR faced a choice: go for rapprochement with Britain and France, which did not aspire to get closer, stay alone or agree with Hitler. The latter option was the most profitable. The war was postponed for two whole years. The training of military personnel began, then the first consequences of the cleansing, manifested in the shortage of senior commanders, were revealed. Re-arming the army was slow, factories only mastered the new production.

The outbreak of the war completely knocked IV Dzhugashvili out of the rut, within a month the army was virtually without leadership. At this time, Stalin was depressed, he was in a severe psychological shock. He had to work 18 hours a day, his face was drained, the character became angry and irritable. Not being a good strategist, he studied with Zhukov, Shaposhnikov and other military leaders in the basics of military art. After the victory of the USSR over Nazi Germany, the Leader of Nations, as Stalin was called, had several more bright epithets: "the greatest commander", "wise strategist".

The victory in the Second World War became the apogee of Stalin's activity. Gradually, especially after the seventy-year anniversary, he began to take. He had increased pressure, and the fear of conspiracies turned into a mania. He did not admit doctors to himself, because he did not trust them and was afraid of them. Ragged nerves and a weak heart caused the death of Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin at the age of 75 years.

Joseph Stalin - his biography will be completely rewritten, his name will be muddled and come up with a lot of myths that expose this person in an unattractive light. But, whatever it was, the people already lived not in a poor, ruined country, but in a superpower dictating its terms to dozens of countries around the world. In the twentieth century, there was no more "productive" leader of the country than Stalin. His biography, written by Arsen Martirosyan, dispels most of the myths about the life and actions of this man. He ruled the country hard, but cruel time required this. In the life of Koba there were many mistakes, and for most of them was paid by the blood of ordinary people. But from a devastated country, he built a great superpower, which won the world war and was prepared to go into space.