Bounded monarchy

The history of the birth of such a form of government as a monarchy begins even under the slave system. And over time it developed and under feudalism became the main one. In bourgeois society, its traditional features are still preserved.

Nevertheless, the monarchy still exists. It has changed a lot, but the main features inherent in it are.

One of the varieties of this type of government - a limited monarchy, is considered such a form in which the state supreme power is divided between the monarch himself and another one or several bodies. Examples are the Parliament in the UK or the Zemsky Sobor in imperial Russia.

As a result, a limited monarchy leads to a peculiar duality of state power, expressed in the fact that the monarch is actually and legally independent of the "parliament" - collectively those bodies that limit his power collectively. However, the king often has to reckon with the parliament, he has the right to appoint a government that is responsible to him, however, the work of this government can be subjected to discussion or criticism in the parliament.

However, a representative institution with such a form of government as a limited monarchy, acquires control functions, acting as such a law-making body, with authority which the ruler has to reckon with. In this case, the monarch can have a strong influence on his country's parliament: he can impose a ban on the laws he adopts, appoint deputies, dissolve the parliament.

A limited monarchy can be of two types: constitutional or parliamentary and dualistic. Its first version is different in that legislatively monarchical power is limited by the parliament, and executive by the government.

However, this form of government does not mean at all that the monarch does not have any role in the state. It has a sufficiently large circle of powers, for example, the declaration of military or emergency provisions, the right to declare war or its termination, etc. However, the king can use his functions only when his state is really in danger.

Such a limited monarchy is also called constitutional, for the reason that the power of the monarch may be limited by the constitution of the state. That is why with such a form of government, the acts issuing from the king take effect only after their approval by a parliamentary majority. At the same time, the king is considered a symbol of the nation and people, for example, the Queen of Great Britain.

Today virtually all monarchies in Europe are parliamentary or constitutional: Spain, Great Britain, Holland, Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, etc.

A dualistic limited monarchy is a transition from absolute to parliamentary. The separation of power in this form of government occurs formally legally between the parliament and the monarch. Thus, the monarch rules his country through a government appointed by him and at the same time responsible to him, while the parliament passes laws.

Let's try to analyze the existing difference between the parliamentary monarchy and its variety - the dualistic one. It is quite clear that in the dualistic monarchy, the head of state - the monarch - is deprived of any legislative power. While in the parliamentary or constitutional, the same monarch is deprived of both legislative and executive powers.

The dualistic monarchy is associated with its appearance with revolts in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries, requiring the restriction of monarchs' rights, opposing absolutism.

Examples of limited dualistic monarchies to date are Nepal, Kuwait.