Effective treatment of otitis in adults with antibiotics

Ears - this is one of the weakest organs of man. Skvoznyaki, infection, water after a shower - all this can lead to inflammation, requiring urgent treatment, otherwise the consequences of inaction can be serious. And deafness is considered one of them. The inflammatory process in the ears is called otitis media. But what is this pathology? And what antibiotic for the ears will help quickly and without consequences get rid of the disease?

Otitis: What is this ailment?

Otitis is an acute or chronic form of inflammation that can develop in one or more of the ear zones: external, middle or inner. Treatment of otitis in adults is prescribed by antibiotics. Without such drugs, it will be very difficult to quickly cope with the symptoms and microorganisms that caused inflammation.

Poorly cured pathologies of the ears require the use of antibacterial agents, and in some cases several types of drugs are immediately necessary: medications can be administered intramuscularly, in the form of drops directly into the ear or taken as tablets orally. But what causes otitis? What kinds of diseases exist?

Types of otitis. Causes

Otitis is a disease that can affect any of the three parts of the ear, which is why, depending on the source of inflammation, the pathology is divided into three types:

• Otitis of the external ear;
• Otitis media of the middle ear;
• Inflammatory process of the inner ear, or labyrinthitis.

The reasons causing this or that kind of pathology, a huge number, but the main ones are:

• Diseases of the nasopharynx, which lead to puffiness and inflammation of the middle ear;
• Pathologies that weaken immunity, including measles and influenza;
• Getting into the ear of cold water during water procedures or swimming in a pond;
• Trauma and damage to the tympanic membrane;
• Hereditary predisposition.

Depending on which causative agent provoked the disease, the otitis can be divided into these types:

• viral;
• bacterial;
• fungal.

Treatment of otitis in adults with antibiotics - this is effective, but what drugs are suitable for this or that patient, the doctor should decide, depending on the complexity of the disease and its course. But what symptoms can indicate an inflammatory process in the auricle?

Symptoms

Each type of otitis has its own symptoms, but the following are common:

• Pulsating pain in the ear;
• Unpleasant sensations behind the ear;
• Increased body temperature;
• chills;
• Noises and discomfort in the ear;
• Hearing loss.

As already mentioned, every form of the disease has its own symptoms. Take, for example, otitis externa. Symptoms and treatment in adults cause a lot of questions. How can you know that this is exactly this form of the disease? How to eliminate discomfort? Whether it is necessary to accept antibiotics or it is possible to manage with national agents?

Otitis externa is an inflammatory process on the skin of the auricle, a fascinating and external auditory canal. Most often it is caused by fungal or bacterial infections. There are two types of external otitis: diffuse and limited. Most often in patients, this ailment manifests itself in the form of furuncles - an acute purulent process of the sebaceous gland, which was caused by pyogenic microorganisms.

Recognize the symptoms of external otitis media by the following criteria:

• Itching;
• Pain when touching an inflamed area;
• Edema, redness of the skin;
• Fever.

Otitis of the external auditory canal is one of the easy forms of pathology, but even in this case ear antibiotics are needed. Without such drugs, complications may develop.

Middle otitis media is an inflammation of the middle ear. It is this form of the disease that most often occurs in both adults and children. What is required if otitis media is diagnosed, treatment? In adults, antibiotics can cause a lot of protest, but it is the drugs of this group that are prescribed first. Of course, the doctor will take into account the etiology of the disease. As mentioned earlier, the nature of the disease can be both viral and bacterial. Among bacteria, most often streptococci and hemophilic rod cause inflammation of the middle ear. But among the viruses, the development of pathology in the ear can cause both influenza, and rhinovirus or respiratory syncytial virus. Determine the presence of the inflammatory process can be on such symptoms:

• Throbbing pain;
• Shooting pain in the ear;
• discomfort;
• weakness;
• Sleep disorder;
• lack of appetite;
• Hearing impairment.

Also, the inflammation of the middle ear can result from a passing cold or flu, during which the immune system weakens and the number of bacteria in the nose and throat increases. The nasal cavity is connected with the middle ear, it accumulates liquid and bacteria, which provoke inflammation. And here it is just necessary to turn to a specialist, traditional medicine can not help a person. Treatment of otitis in adults with broad-spectrum antibiotics, which will kill all bacteria, remove swelling and return hearing, may be prolonged, but disregard therapy. The disease can develop differently, if not taken in time, this can lead to more serious forms of the disease:

• Acute otitis media;
• Chronic otitis media.

Acute otitis is an inflammation associated with the localization of fluid in the middle ear region. With this form, the patient often raises the temperature and keeps within 39 degrees. It can not be knocked down, a couple of hours - and it rises again. Often patients say that they hear somewhere inside their own voice. But the appearance of pus in the middle ear cavity suggests that acute otitis has already passed into the next stage. Purulent otitis in adults (treatment with antibiotics in this case is simply necessary, and the therapy should be started as soon as possible) is not a pleasant phenomenon, and self-medication is indispensable here.

But it is worth remembering that the first couple of days of treatment is not carried out, at this time most often there is a rupture of the tympanic membrane, and pus comes out. The patient feels relieved, the body temperature goes down and the pain recedes. In addition to pus, you can notice blood and serous discharge, but this is even better - this means that the ear is cleared.

The next type of pathology is chronic otitis media. Treatment (antibiotics including) is necessary. Ailment develops if to begin therapy of an acute form not in time or not to finish the course. Chronic form of the disease is manifested in the same way as acute: there is an increase in temperature, worsening of the general condition, itching, discomfort in the ear, hearing loss, etc. Chronic otitis can be of several types:

• Tubotimponal;
• Epimezotimpanit;
• Epitimpanitis.

In addition to all the forms of otitis described above, there is one more - bilateral otitis. This pathology affects both ears. If you do not start treating otitis in adults with antibiotics, then this form can lead to perforation of the tympanic membrane. If the pus accumulates long enough, the pressure in the middle ear increases, eventually the membrane becomes thinner, and there is a risk of rupture. In some cases, doctors advise to perform a surgical procedure, to make a puncture in the eardrum, and not wait until everything happens by itself.

Inflammation of the inner ear is another form of pathology, which doctors call labyrinthitis. This disease is much less common than external and otitis media. Treatment (antibiotics are vital) is quite heavy and protracted, and the disease itself is considered the most dangerous, it can even threaten the patient's life. Purulent processes affect the bone tissue, which leads to serious consequences.

What complications can occur after otitis media?

At the slightest suspicion of otitis treatment (in adults, antibiotics in this case - a stick-rescue, but their use is not always necessary) must begin immediately. If time is lost, the acute form will develop into a chronic one, and then into the labyrinth, which in the end can end badly, up to a lethal outcome. But this is not all, inaction can lead to other conditions - intra-temporal complications:

• Violations of the integrity of the tympanic membrane;
• Inflammation of bone tissue cells - mastoiditis;
• Paralysis of the facial nerve.

In addition, intracranial complications can occur, including:

• Inflammatory process in the brain envelope - meningitis;
• Inflammation of the brain - encephalitis;
• Accumulation of fluid in the cerebral cortex - hydrocephalus.

But even all these complications sometimes do not scare people as much as antibiotic therapy, and many patients ask the doctors a question: Do you need to take such a large list of drugs? What antibiotics for otitis produce the best result, and which ones can be simply excluded from the list recommended by the doctor?

Whether it is necessary to accept antibiotics at otitis?

Antibiotics are very important in almost any inflammatory process in the body. But still, many doctors believe that, until spontaneous perforation of the ear membrane and the outlet of the fluid occur, there is no need to take such drugs. The acute stage of the uncomplicated form of the disease lasts about 5 days. Antimicrobial treatment is only used if systematic therapy does not bring the desired relief: the pain does not go away, the hearing has worsened even more, symptoms of general intoxication of the body are noticeable.

After the first signs of an outgrowth appear, immediately take an analysis for the content of microflora and determine which antibacterial agents it is sensitive to. After this, the appropriate drugs are selected and the treatment of otitis media for adults begins. Antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action is the best choice, because it is not always possible to take exudate for analysis.

After the completion of therapy, it is better to be reinsured and to engage in the prevention of relapse (more on this later).

What antibiotics are better for otitis treatment?

There are a huge number of drugs that can cope with any kind of inflammation, they help in the treatment of otitis. One of the most popular is "Amoxicillin". This drug has an excellent antimicrobial and antiseptic property. But it is advised to take it only to those patients who do not have an allergic reaction to semisynthetic penicillins. In addition, it is worth remembering that this medication is contraindicated in people with impaired liver function, pregnant and lactating women.

Aminoglycoside netilmitsin is a means for conducting local injections, but it is only allowed to use it for the first two weeks, no more. Thanks to him, it is possible to effectively and quickly treat otitis media in adults. Drugs should be selected for each patient individually, but there is a list of those medicines that will help everyone cope with inflammation in the ear:

• "Levomycetin" (alcohol solution) - it is recommended to drip 2 drops in the ear, if the patient has a purulent form of otitis;
• "Amoxicillin" - take inside 3-3.5 grams per day (at one time or divided into several);
• "Augmentin" - 375 mg three times a day;
• "Cefuroxime" - is used in the form of intramuscular injections;
• "Ceftriaxone" - once a day intramuscularly;
• "Ampicillin" - intramuscularly.

Rules for the administration of antibiotics

Each antibiotic has an instruction for use, which must be read before proceeding with therapy. Each patient with otitis treatment is selected individually, taking into account the shape and course of the pathology. The dose is selected depending on the causative agent of the disease, the severity of the disease, the patient's body weight and age.

The shock dose can be applied only in the first three days. If there is no relief during this time, you need to change the form of administration of the drugs. The course of treatment is determined depending on the data of clinical studies, you can change the tactics of therapy only if there is a stable remission.

Basically, the course of treatment is 7-10 days. But it is worth remembering that there may be side effects from taking antibiotics, and they need to be told to the treating doctor. It is very important to monitor the kidneys and liver. If serious changes are detected in the regular laboratory tests, the treatment tactics will have to be changed urgently. In addition, antibiotics for ear treatment are available in the form of a solution for injections or tablets, so there are also drops that also help to quickly cope with the symptoms of the disease.

Drops from otitis in adults

Due to the huge variety of ear drops, you can quickly get rid of inflammation and thus cure otitis effectively. Symptoms and treatment in adults are often identical, but the choice of drugs should be carried out by the doctor, because each organism has its own characteristics, and the same medicine in two people with one form of pathology can cause different reactions. Remove inflammation in the ear can be such drops:

• Hormonal - "Otipax" or "Otinum";
• Antibacterial - "Tsipromed" or "Levomycetin";
• Combined - "Anauran" or "Sofradex".

But it is worth remembering that if there is swelling, itching or rash after the application of drops, then they need to be urgently canceled. Most likely, they just do not fit, but as practice has shown, the drops of "Sofradex" are often recommended to use for the treatment of adults and children, because they have almost no contraindications and side effects, and they are excellent at curing inflammation.

General methods of otitis treatment

Treatment of otitis should be combined. Therapy should be aimed at removing all the symptoms in the very first days, and after removing all the liquid from the ear and removing the inflammatory process. Many doctors use a special strategy, which includes several basic points:

• Reduction of pain syndrome. To relieve pain, it is advised on the first day to begin taking paracetamol 1 g four times a day. Also, Otypaks drops are well anesthetized - 4 drops up to three times. You can remove the pain with the help of a compression on Tsitovich - mix 3% boric acid and glycerin, make a swab, soak in the solution and insert into the ear, keep the compress for at least 3 hours.
• Remove the edema and improve the outflow of pus from the middle ear. For these purposes, it is advised to use drops in the nose - "Nazivin", "Tizin" or "Naftizine" 2 drops up to three times a day.
• Remove the edema of the mucosa of the Eustachian tube. In this case, it is advised to use antihistamines such as "Dimedrol", "Suprastin" or "Tavegil". These medications are advised to be used in the event that the otitis is caused by an allergy.
• Remove ear inflammation. Treatment in adults with antibiotics in this case includes mandatory. Select the drugs from the list that was presented above.

If the inflammation in the ear is troubled very often, then in this case, no preventive measures can not be dispensed with.

Prevention of otitis

To reduce the likelihood of frequent development of otitis media, it is first of all necessary to treat the runny nose and other pathologies of the upper respiratory tract. In the cold season, wear a hat to protect the hearing organs from wind and frost. Carefully conduct hygiene of the ears, then you do not need to use an antibiotic for the ears.

In addition, in order to protect themselves from the chronic form of the inflammatory process in the respiratory tract and mucous membranes, which can become a provoking factor in the development of pathology, it is necessary to abandon bad habits - alcohol abuse and smoking. You also need to monitor your health, and then treatment of otitis may not be necessary.

Especially important is the prevention of the disease in people with reduced immunity. They have catarrhal diseases developing very quickly, and, therefore, the risk of developing otitis is high.