Installation "Tornado" - history and features

Installation "Tornado" - a second-echelon unit, designed to provide fire support to motorized rifle units. It is used to launch salvo and single strikes on artillery, manpower, armored vehicles that are on the march, during deployment, in the defense zone, in combat readiness, in open terrain or in shelter, in the concentration area.

History

The installation of the Tornado volley fire is the heir and relative of the famous Grad rocket system, which appeared with the Soviet Union in 1964. It was truly a horrific weapon that few could resist. However, any weapon has its own resource, and the "Grad", after being in service for more than four decades, it became necessary to replace a newer system. During this time, other systems of volley fire were developed - "Hurricane", "Smerch". Installation "Tornado" was developed not so long ago. For the first time it was tested in 2011 on September 25 at a testing ground called Kapustin Yar. During the exercise, the command of the troops of the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan was present at the training ground. The complex "Tornado" in 2012 in July was at the legislative level adopted for armament.

Features

"Tornado" - the installation, the photo of which is presented above, has a number of changes in comparison with its predecessors. A gyro-cycle-pointer was installed with self-orientation to the launch package, as well as equipment for remote input of parameters and target data. The unit is equipped with a device for transmitting information in automatic mode about the exit of a missile from the barrel. There is a system of navigation and guidance via satellite communication. The machine is also equipped with a special apparatus for setting the time of explosion of a detonator of a missile. This is done so that the Tornado installation can fire new missiles.

Composition

The system "Tornado" includes: a system for automatic fire control called "Cabbage", a fighting vehicle 2B17-1. "Cabbage" (series 1B126M) consists of a control point and an observation post. Also, the composition includes old and new samples of rockets 122-millimeter caliber.

Design

The "Tornado" installation was developed in several forms on unified chassis, in which KamAZ and Ural vehicles were considered. A single platform allows to minimize operating costs by eliminating the different types of ramjet of multiple rocket launchers that exist at this time: Ei-131 (installed on the Grad system), MAZ-543M (Smerch system), Ural- 375 "and" Ural-4320 "," Ziy-135 LMP "(the system" Hurricane "). The new chassis is equipped with a unified single carriage, on which a package of replacement guides is mounted. This will make it possible to use calibres of 220 mm and even 300 mm in addition to the caliber of 122 mm. The presence of two sets of packages on the load-transport machines will allow reducing the time for recharging from seven minutes to three. You can replace the module in the shortest time in the field. This provides the Tornado system with the ability to use the entire range of its ammunition, and extends its combat capabilities.

Differences from predecessors

Installation "Tornado", the characteristics of which exceed the characteristics of MLRS "Grad" several times, is actively used in the armed forces. This was made possible by improving the parameters of ammunition. In the cockpit of the combat vehicle the newest automated fire and guidance control system is installed, which includes a gunner's console, Baget 41 series computer onboard computer. This allows to fire on the necessary targets without topo-geodetic preliminary preparation of the machine, to direct packages directly from the cabin. On the monitor, the operator displays all the necessary information in real time. Combat calculation was reduced to a couple of people. The prepared position of the "Tornado" unfolds in one minute, and the unprepared position - in less than five. MLRS has the highest mobility. During the launch of the rocket until the time of its explosion, the unit manages to leave at a distance of five kilometers from the launch site. This significantly increases the survival rate of the complex. The installation of the Tornado has modifications: the installation of a fire control system from the automatic control system, the equipment of the protection of transmitted and received information. There are works on the design of the package, which will allow the use of cruise missiles (CR).

Ammunition

The Tornado salvo fire can use existing missiles as ammunition, and also use the latest range of developments in the form of guided missiles. For example, it could be a cluster projectile with a detachable warhead and homing combat elements with a cumulative effect. Or a reconnaissance missile capable of hanging over the target and working as a designator. There are samples that can be used to install mine fields remotely.