How to draw a Russian folk costume in stages

The development of specific features of the national costume is influenced mainly by climatic, socio-historical factors and national mentality. Also, a significant role in the formation of a particular stylistic image of folk costume is played by the neighborhood and relationships with other ethnic groups and their cultural and everyday life features. In any case, national clothing is a synthesis of folk art. Draw a folk costume in stages will be a good way to remember its main features. After all, clothing is the face of an ethnos, a mirror reflecting its way of life and beliefs.

In modern society, with increasing interest in their culture, people are eager to learn what Russian folk costumes are and how to draw them. To fully satisfy your interest, you need to master some theory of the origin of clothing. For example, you can consider a female or male Russian folk costume, draw it in stages watercolor, thereby securing the presented image on paper.

The history of the emergence of Russian folk clothes

The history of the Russian costume dates back many centuries. The statistical practically unchanged conditions of peasant life, the climatic and natural environments of life, the religious environment and popular beliefs have shaped the style of clothing most adapted to hard work.

Many artists are wondering how to draw a Russian folk costume. For this you need to know its specific features. First, such features are lightness, functionality, simplicity of dressing. For each type of activity there is its own clothing - from a tart and a Cossack to a long-haired toe coat and an Armenian. The very activity of daily activities set its own limits for dressing and sewing clothes-a wide wedge was inserted in the pockets, and diamond-shaped gaps in the underarms of the shirt. The clothes had a wide odor and were without buttons - it was tied with a sash, and any member of the family could at any moment put on a shirt a zip and a podzipunnik or a sheepskin coat.

The design of the sarafan, shirts, ponovy, armjaka and zipun almost did not require the use of scissors, and the surplus material was extremely unimportant.

So how to draw a Russian folk costume, guided by knowledge of his model range?

Female and male Russian national costumes

Russian folk costume differed by sex, age and territorial affiliation. You need to know this in order to imagine how Russian folk costumes look like, how to draw them.

Children's clothing repeated the cut and decoration of the adult, but was sewn smaller and from cheaper fabrics. In summer, children wore long-sleeved shirts, tied with belts.

To draw a Russian folk costume for men, it's useful to know that men's clothing was of the same type. Its complex included a shirt, belt, ports, upper and lower caftan, bast shoes or boots and a headpiece.

Choosing the position of the suit, its cut and color features

To draw a Russian folk costume step by step, it is necessary to remember that the costume among different strata of the population differed not only in the number of parts, but also in the variety of materials, having the same cut of the individual components of its parts.

Thus, a large number of draperies and folds creates an additional volume of clothing, giving it the illusion of multilayeredness. Therefore, the artist should avoid the compositional congestion of the silhouette, and if this congestion still takes place on the cut of clothing, then it is necessary to minimize the number of folds.

Fabrics have always been painted with vegetable paints - the predominance of red color is due to the presence of weed litter as a dye in each village, while green dyes were imported exclusively from China. It is important to voice it in order to show how to draw a Russian folk costume.

Inscription of lines of a dummy

Before the Russian folk costume is drawn in stages, it is necessary to determine the angle of the transmitted image and its technical and stylistic qualities.

For a more open "panoramic" clothing, it is recommended to depict it in a "three quarters" turn, for construction of which the suit will be rotated along the "y" axis of the ternary coordinate system, that is, 95 degrees relative to the observer. This view allows you to simultaneously display the object in both full face and profile. You can copy the Russian folk costume (photo), it's pretty simple to draw.

From this perspective, as presented below, the reliefs and ornaments of such female headdresses as a kichka or kokoshnik will be perfectly visible.

Physiological features of the dummy

So, the middle line of the body of the dummy will lie on the y-axis: on it it is necessary to depict shoes-in women it is represented by shoes on low heels, boots or bast shoes, men have boots or boots.

Three lines are randomly drawn: the shoulders, the chest and pelvic girdle. Then, on the belts of the limb, two ovals are constructed, respectively, of the male and female anatomy. To draw a Russian folk costume in stages, it is necessary to supplement the female mannequin with one more line - at the level of the median line of the chest - it will indicate the angle of the female breast. Then all the belts of the extremities and the line of shoulders are joined by a contour of the body curved at an arbitrary waist.

Asked how to draw a Russian folk costume step by step, one should remember that out of the huge variety of women's clothing, two can be distinguished: South Russian and Northern Russian.

Therefore, in order to draw a Russian folk costume in stages, first select a territorial model of the costume: for South Russian - embroidered shirt, apron, belt, checkered poneva, shortened shoulder shirt, headdress "forty"; For the North Russian - a shirt, a long sarafan, a belt, a january, a kokoshnik.

Methods of practical decoration of Russian folk costumes

To decorate clothes from ancient times, Russians used embroidery and patterned weaving. To patterned weaving refers to a three-dimensional pattern with a convex (mostly red) ornament, located in stripes across the fabric.

When using the technique of patterned sewing, it is very difficult to transfer the round outlines of the pattern, so the motifs of the ornament are geometric and straight, and the motif of the circle in sewing was transmitted with the help of rhombuses or squares placed on the corner. On the combined festive clothing, ornament was executed in the form of sewing, embroidery, sewn ribbons, small appliqués, placed along the shoulder seams, seams of the background and the like, thus marking the constructive and functional elements. Ornament was used only small, geometric, less often vegetative. On the innersuit, the ornament performed primarily a protective function, built on folk superstitions, and covered the gates, cuffs of sleeves and the hem of the shirt.

Drawing of decorated parts of clothes

On both dummies in the shoulder area, a shirt with long sleeves falling down is drawn, whose cuffs or the sleeves themselves are covered with a girdle of red and white stripes. A similar pattern should cover the collar of the shirt - in women it is round or finely assembled, in men oblique.

At the level of the woman's chest, the sarafan bodice is drawn, the straps of which, trimmed with yellow or red ornament, are drawn to the shoulders. The bodice of the sarafan bends around the rounded female breast, descends to the very bottom with two lines. The hem of the sarafan can be covered with horizontal or vertical patterns.

The male shirt continues to the level of the waist, where it is intercepted by the circumference of the girdle, and then the rifle is drawn. Its lower edge is also covered with ornament.

Below the line of the pelvic girdle are portraits of ports, reaching up to the ankle levels.

The shirt is white, the dress is more often red, less often - green or blue; Ornament - red, green or yellow, less often blue. Ports of men were sewn from gray or dark brown cloth.

To the female sarafan the kokoshnik, painted in the shape of a crescent moon, decorated with arbitrary scallops and lines, with a round or rectangular colored pattern, perfectly fits. Patterns should always be shallow and placed along the hemline of the dress or shirt.

Imposition of light shadows

To fully Russian national costume to draw a pencil, you need to impose an easy shading of shadows. It will pass along the edge of the shirt along the sleeves, a single spot from the line of the chest to the middle of the pelvic girdle. It is recommended to put several folds along the sleeves and vertical planes - there will be a curving pattern and a shadow will be applied.

A picture-cell should be put on a already tinted plane with a hard pencil. In the planes close to the viewer, the pattern is highlighted with strokes of increased softness.

Scenic Watercolor Processing

The color saturation of the paint on the brush should be checked on the plane of the white palette before each stroke. First the necessary color strip is poured, then a new tone is imposed to emphasize the perspective accents and the color saturation of the image.

For the most part, Russian folk costumes were made of glossy smooth fabrics that gleamed brightly in the sun. Therefore, it is recommended not to touch in advance the color of the surfaces that stand out in the sun, and the tone for them is made with a brush from the paint by repeatedly washing it.