Grapes: planting scheme in spring

Today grapes are known all over the world, it is appreciated for delicious and healthy berries, for the amazing wines that winemakers make from it. Cultivate it began in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in the 5-6th millennium BC, but it appeared long before the man.

To date, there are 8000 varieties of grapes, which for 10 000 years of cultivation have developed into its main types - American, East Asian and Eurasian. Often summer residents plant their bushes in their plots or create beautiful grape arches in their yards.

Selecting a landing site

Many summer residents dream that they have a delicious and healthy grapes on the plot. The planting scheme for this shrub begins with the correct location. It is determined by the climatic conditions and location of the site:

• If the summer is arid and there is no possibility of frequent watering, then the vineyard can be located in the place of the nearest occurrence of groundwater.
• When the summer is cool, the grapes have to fight for heat, so to save it you can plant trees around the bushes that will hold it.
• The scheme of planting grapes in a humid climate requires the presence of a natural or bulk slope for good ventilation. Bushes need to be planted across it, so that the landslides that form during watering do not pull them down.
• Often gardeners prefer to plant grapes near the house. The landing scheme in this case assumes a minimum distance from the structure of 2 m. This will secure the foundation from the appearance of cracks.

Important for the future abundant harvest is the preparation of the soil before planting the grapes.

Soil preparation

The scheme of planting grapes in the spring involves the preparation of planting holes. For this plant, loamy soils and sandy loam are more suitable, but other types of soil can also be adapted. For chernozem, for example, it's enough to add sand and fertilizers, and rapid growth of seedlings is assured.

Preparation of planting holes should be carried out either from autumn, or 3-6 weeks before planting cuttings. During this time the pit will settle, and the fertilizers introduced into it will be assimilated by the soil and distributed along it.

Correctly dug a hole, as indicated by the scheme for planting grapes (photo below), should have parameters 60x60x60 cm or more. When digging a hole, the fertile layer of the earth should be put aside to fertilize. To do this simply, mixing the soil with humus and ash bank. The lower layer is mixed with crushed stone and sand and is placed on the bottom of the pit by 20-25 cm. The next layer is a fertile fertilized mixture for another 20-25 cm. After that, prepare the planting material.

Preparation of seedlings and cuttings

The scheme for planting grapes involves two methods - cuttings or seedlings.

Planting cuttings has its own technology:

• Chubuk grapes should be pruned. For this purpose, the lower part is cut off at the lowest eye with a sharp knife, and 2-3 cm of vines above the upper eye are left on top.
• The stalk must be saturated with moisture, for which it is put in clean water for 2 days.
• After the chibouk is filled with water, its upper part should be dipped in the melted paraffin, and put the lower part in a growth stimulant made from 1 teaspoon of honey per 1 liter of water. Withstands cuttings in a solution for 24 hours.

After that, the chibouk can be planted in a prepared landing pit. To cuttings quickly sprouted, you can carry out the preparatory work in February, putting them in plastic cups or bottles. After carrying out preliminary works in the spring in the open ground it will not be a problem to plant grapes. The planting scheme begins with the preparation of the container:

• The bottle needs to cut off the neck and make holes on the bottom.
• At the bottom of the drainage, and on top of it 7-8 st. Spoons of soil mixture.
• Stir in the bottle and sprinkle with steamed sawdust.
• Escape the cover with a plastic glass and put on the windowsill from the sunny side, unfolding the eye of the cut from the window.
• The bottles should be put in a tray and watered, pouring water into it by 0.5 cm.

Glasses from bottles do not need to be removed until the shoots are crammed into them. The temperature regime, which is required for growing the seedling, is +20 ... +25 degrees. Thus, by the time of the landing in the open ground, the chibouks will give strong roots, and the grapes will quickly grow.

Planting of grapes with seedlings

The planting scheme of grapes seedlings is extremely simple. Once the planting pits are prepared, the seedlings should be pruned, leaving only 10-15 cm in length. During planting it is important to distribute them evenly along the bottom of the pit at a distance of 35-45 cm from the surface.

The vine should be tilted toward further development. This will help to warm the young bushes for the winter, bending them to the ground.

Roots are filled with a pre-prepared mixture of earth and thoroughly watered with warm water. Usually 2-3 buckets are sufficient, after which the soil is mulched for 5 cm with peat or chopped straw and grass.

If frost is possible on the soil, the seedlings should be sheltered at night by crates of cardboard or film until they are strong.

Grapes care after planting

Do you want to grow delicious grapes? The planting scheme does not end with transplanting the seedlings into the open ground. It is important to take care of young cuttings:

• Grapes love loose soil with good ventilation, so loosening the ground is often necessary.
• Watering should be done only under the root, so that subsidence does not occur. In the first two weeks after planting, the plant especially needs watering. Because he needs to adapt to the new environment. Water should be frequent and abundant, especially if it's dry weather.
• It is important to ensure that young seedlings are not obscured, since they need a lot of sunlight for rapid growth.
• Young leaves require additional fertilizing, which can be produced by carbamide. The first spraying is carried out as soon as the leaves form, the next - in 2 weeks, when the intensive growth of the vine will go. Further spraying schedule: every 30 days until mid-September.

Performing these simple actions regularly, in 2 years you can get strong and healthy bushes, and on the third to collect a solid harvest.

Prevention

That young grape bushes grow fully, they should be protected from pests and diseases, especially from mildew. Young bushes should be sprinkled in the spring with a solution of copper sulfate at a rate of 100 g per 10 liters of water.

In summer, spraying is carried out with a solution (25 g per 10 l water) of polychromes for prevention and after each rain. This precautionary measure will protect plants from rot and fungal diseases.