Choose grapes for northern regions

Grapes for growing in climatic zones with a short and unpredictable summer should be chosen such that the berries are able to fully ripen during this short warm season. Young shoots over the summer must get the right amount of plastic substances and stiffen enough to survive the harsh winter.

Like other crops, grape varieties are divided into early, late and middle-maturing fruit ripening.

If from the moment of the opening of the eyes before reaching full ripeness of the berries passes 85-125 days, the variety is called early. Specifically, such varieties are preferable for northern regions, because the earlier the harvest ripens, the better. Usually the first eyes are blooming in this climatic zone in late April or early May, depending on the weather. It is also easy to calculate the dates when the fruits reach ripeness.

The early grape varieties also have their own classification. Among them there are ultra- or super early (the berries ripen in 85-95 days). These are:
- Rusven;
- Muromets;
- Supernanny Bolgar;
- The Augustus;
- Early Magarach;
- Russian Early;
- Elegant Supernumerary;
- Muscat Steady;
- Astronaut;
- The Augustus;
- Pearl of Saba;
- New Ukrainian Early.

Very early varieties of grapes are those that ripen in 95-115 days from the beginning of the awakening of the plant. In Central Chernozemye, the harvest of these varieties is obtained from the middle to the end of August. These are the following types:

- Delight;
- Timur;
- The beauty of the Don,
- Amirkhan;
- Eurostandard;
- The Crimean pearl;
- Kishmish of Zaporozhye;
- Laura;
- Russian violet and other varieties of grapes for wine, canning and consumption in fresh form.

The list of early varieties ripening 125 days from the beginning of vegetation is even wider. In late August and early September, the following representatives of the species are ready to harvest:

- Agate of the Don;
- Delight (Red and Black)
- Fairy;
- Victoria;
- Arcadia;
- The seedless Rusbol;
- Muscat summer;
- Friendship;
- The impulse;
- Chernysh and others.

The early ripening varieties are considered to ripen after 135 days. They can also be grown in the north in good years, but sometimes such grapes may not ripen: you will have to pick berries still sour and process them: cook jam, compotes, make wine. Pay attention to such varieties as:

- White Beauty;
- Kishmish is radiant;
- Gift Zaporozhye;
- seedless Memory of Dombkovskaya, Romulus and Black Winter resistant.

For seedless varieties, the question of how to plant grapes with cuttings is especially relevant. The pit is prepared in a few months, drainage is put on its bottom: branches, branches, boards, etc. Next comes a layer of fertile soil into which the drop is buried above the first eye. From 3-4 eyes left above the surface of the soil, new branches grow, which will become the basis of the future vineyard. Plant cuttings better in the spring, until the growth of shoots has not yet begun. During the first year, the cutting gives a significant increase.

By the beginning of September, all grapes intended for consumption are removed from the branches, so that the plant's time and energy remain to ensure that the young shoots are lignified. Even the harvest of later varieties is better to take into account that before frosts the plants should be in time to get stronger and prepare for the winter. Unexplored shoots are very vulnerable: there is a danger of their freezing even with not very severe frosts.

Already in September, Central Chernozemye faces the first frosts, so this is the last month when it is necessary to harvest the entire crop and cover the plant before wintering. To do this, you can use old outer clothing, wood sawdust, straw or lapnik.

Thus, to obtain sweet grapes in the northern latitudes can only be from representatives of early varieties, which manage to gain the maximum percentage of sugar in berries for a short and cool summer.