Famous writers-front-line soldiers

The Great Patriotic War, which in the history of mankind became the most bloody and lasted almost 4 years, was reflected in the heart of every cruel tragedy, which took the lives of millions of people.

People of the pen: the truth about the war

Despite the growing time gap between those distant events, interest in the topic of war is constantly growing; The present generation does not remain indifferent to the courage and heroism of Soviet soldiers. A great role in the truthfulness of describing the events of the war years was played by the word of writers and poets, accurate, uplifting, directing and inspiring. It was they - writers and frontier poets, having spent their youth on the battlefields, brought to the modern generation the history of human destinies and actions of people, on which life sometimes depended. The writers of the bloody wartime described truthfully the atmosphere of the front, the guerrilla movement, the gravity of the campaigns and life in the rear, strong friendship of the soldiers, desperate heroism, betrayal and cowardly desertion in their works.

The creative generation born of war

Front-line writers are a separate generation of heroic personalities who have experienced the hardships of the military and post-war periods. Some of them died at the front, others lived longer and died, as they say, not from old age, but from old wounds.

1924 was marked by the birth of a whole generation of soldiers known to the whole country: Boris Vasiliev, Viktor Astafyev, Yulia Drunina, Bulat Okudzhava, Vasil Bykov. These writers-front-line soldiers, whose list is far from complete, collided with the war at a time when they were only 17 years old.

Boris Vasiliev is an extraordinary man

Almost all the boys and girls of the 1920s failed to escape in terrible wartime. Only 3% survived, among which Boris Vassiliev was a miracle. He could die in the 34th year from typhus, in 41-m in the environment, in 43-m - from mine stretching. At the front, the boy left as a volunteer, passed cavalry and machine-gun regimental schools, fought in the airborne regiment, studied at the Military Academy. In the post-war period he worked in the Urals as a test for caterpillar and wheeled vehicles. He was demobilized in the rank of engineer-captain in 1954; The reason for demobilization is the desire to engage in literary activity.

The author devoted the military theme to such works as "The lists did not appear", "Tomorrow was a war", "Veteran", "Do not shoot white swans." Famous Boris Vasiliev became after the publication in 1969 of the story "A Dawns Here Are Quiet ...", staged in 1971 on the stage of the Taganka Theater by Yuri Lyubimov and screened by Stanislav Rostotsky in 1972. According to the writer's scripts, about 20 films were shot, among them "Officers", "Tomorrow was war", "Aty-baht, soldiers were walking ...".

Writers-front-line soldiers: biography of Viktor Astafyev

Viktor Astafyev, like many front-line writers of the Great Patriotic War, in his work showed the war as a great tragedy, seen through the eyes of a simple soldier - the man who is the basis of the whole army; It is he who receives punishment in abundance, and the rewards bypass him. This collective, half-autobiographical image of a front-line soldier who lives alone with his comrades and is trained fearlessly to look death in the eye, Astafyev largely wrote off himself and his front-line friends, opposing him to survivors-loggers, who for the most part lived in a relatively harmless front-line zone throughout War. It was to them that he, like the rest of the poets and writers-front-line soldiers of the Second World War, was deeply contemptuous.

The author of such famous works as "Tsar Fish", "Damned and killed", "Last bow" for his alleged adherence to the West and the propensity for chauvinism, which critics saw in his works, was thrown at the mercy of fate by the state, for Who fought, and sent to die in his native village. It was this bitter price that Viktor Astafiev had to pay - a man who never refused written, for the desire to tell the truth, bitter and sad. The truth about which the writers-front-line soldiers of the Great Patriotic War did not remain silent in their works; They said that the Russian people, who not only won, but also lost much in themselves, simultaneously felt the oppressive influence of the Soviet system and their own internal forces at the same time as fascism.

Bulat Okudzhava: a hundred times the sunset blushed ...

Verses and songs of Bulat Okudzhava ("Prayer", "Midnight Trolley", "Cheerful Drummer", "Song of Soldiers' Boots"), the whole country knows; His story "Be Healthy, a Schoolboy", "A Date with Bonaparte", "A Journey of Amateurs" are in a number of the best works of Russian prose writers. Famous movies - "Zhenya, Zhenechka and Katyusha", "Fidelity", he was a screenwriter, was watched more than one generation, as well as the famous "Belorussky Railway Station", where he was the author of songs. The repertoire of the famous poet and singer is about 200 songs, each of which is filled with its own history. Bulat Okudzhava, like other writers-front-line soldiers (the photo can be seen above) was a bright symbol of his time; His concerts were always sold out, despite the absence of posters about his performances. The audience shared their impressions and brought their friends and acquaintances. The whole country sang the song "We need one victory" from the film "Belarusian Railway Station".

With the war, Bulat met at the age of seventeen, leaving the ninth grade to the front as a volunteer. Private soldier, mortar, who fought mainly in the North Caucasian Front, was injured from an enemy aircraft, and after the cure he got into the heavy artillery of the High Command. As Bulat Okudzhava said (and his counterparts, front-line writers agreed with him), everyone was afraid of the war, even those who considered themselves braver than others.

The war with the eyes of Vasil Bykov

Coming from a Belarusian peasant family, Vasil Bykov went to the front at the age of 18 and fought before the Victory, having gone through such countries as Romania, Hungary, Austria. I was wounded twice; After demobilization he lived in Belorussia, in the city of Grodno. The main theme of his works was not the war itself (historians, not writers-front-line soldiers should write about it), but the possibilities of the human spirit manifested in such difficult conditions. A person must always remain a man and live according to conscience, only in this case a human race can survive. Features of Bykov's prose became the occasion for accusations of Soviet critics in the desecration of the Soviet regime. In the press, there was wide-scale harassment, censorship of the output of his works, their prohibition. Due to such harassment and sharp deterioration in health, the author was forced to leave his homeland and live for some time in the Czech Republic (the country of his sympathies), then in Finland and the FRG.

The most famous works of the writer: "The death of a man", "Crane shout", "Alpine ballad", "Kruglyansky bridge", "The dead do not hurt." As Chingiz Aitmatov said, Bykov was saved by fate for honest and truthful creativity on behalf of the whole generation. Some of the works were screened: "Survive until dawn", "The Third Rocket".

Writers-front-line soldiers: about the war verse line

To the front, the talented girl Julia Drunina, like many front-line writers, volunteered. In 1943, she received a serious wound, due to which she was recognized as disabled and comedian. Then came the return to the front, Julia fought in the Baltic and Pskov region. In 1944, she was again concussed and found unfit for further service. With the award of the rank of foreman, the Order of the Red Star and the medal "For Courage", Julia after the war published a poetic collection "In a soldier's overcoat", dedicated to the front time. She was accepted into the Writers' Union and permanently enlisted in the ranks of poets-front-line soldiers, referring to the military generation.

Along with the creation and release of such collections as "Anxiety", "You are near", "My friend", "Country - Youth", "Trench Star", Julia Drunina was actively engaged in literary and social work, was awarded prestigious prizes, more than once Was elected a member of the editorial boards of the central newspapers and magazines, secretary of the board of various writers' unions. Despite universal respect and recognition, Julia gave herself completely poetry, describing in the verses the role of women in the war, her courage and tolerance, and the incompatibility of the life-giving feminine with murder and destruction.

Yuri Bondarev: the fate of man

Writers-front-line soldiers and their works made a significant contribution to literature, bringing to truth the truthfulness of the events of the war years. Perhaps, one of our relatives and relatives fought with them shoulder to shoulder and became a prototype of stories or stories.

In 1941, Yuri Bondarev - a future writer - along with his peers participated in the construction of defensive fortifications; After the end of the infantry school fought at Stalingrad as commander of the mortar crew. Then a concussion, a slight frostbite and a wound in the back, which did not become a hindrance to returning to the front, participating in the liberation of Kiev, went a long way to Poland and Czechoslovakia. After the demobilization, Yuri Bondarev entered the Literary Institute . Gorky, where he happened to get to a creative seminar under the leadership of Konstantin Paustovsky, who taught the future writer the love of the great art of writing and the ability to say his word. All his life, Yuri remembered the smell of frozen, hard-as-a-stone bread and fragrance of soldier's porridge, burns cold in the steppes of Stalingrad, the icy cold of frost-baked cannons, the metal of which was felt through mittens, the powder smell of shot cartridge cases and the deserted silence of the night starry sky. The creativity of front-line writers is permeated with the acuteness of man's union with the universe, his helplessness and at the same time incredible strength and tenacity, increasing in a hundredfold before a terrible danger.

Widespread fame to Yuri Bondarev brought the story "The Last Salvos" and "Battalions ask for fire," vividly depicting the reality of wartime. To the theme of Stalin's repressions was turned the work "Silence", highly appreciated by critics. In the most famous novel "Hot Snow" the theme of the heroism of the Soviet people was sharply raised in the period of the most severe tests for it; The author described the last days of the Battle of Stalingrad and the people who came to defend their homeland and their families from the fascist invaders. The red line is Stalingrad in all the works of the front-line writer as a symbol of soldiers' steadfastness and courage. Bondarev never embellished the war and showed "little great people" who did their job: they defended the Motherland.

In the war, Yuri Bondarev finally realized that a man is born not for hatred, but for love. It was in the front-line conditions that the crystal clear commandments of love for the Motherland, loyalty and decency entered the writer's consciousness. After all, everything is naked in battle, good and evil are discernible, and everyone made his conscious choice. According to Yuri Bondarev, life is given to man for a reason, and it is important not to waste himself on trifles, but to educate one's own soul, fighting for free existence and in the name of justice.

The novels and novels of the writer were translated into more than 70 languages, and over the period from 1958 to 1980 abroad more than 130 works by Yuri Bondarev were published, and the pictures they shot (Hot Snow, Bereg, Battalions Ask for Fire) Looked huge audience.

The writer's activity is marked by many public and state awards, including the most important - universal recognition and reader's love.

Grigory Baklanov's "Land of the Earth"

Grigory Baklanov is the author of such works as "July of the 41st year", "There was a month in May ...", "The Land of the Earth", "Friends", "I was not killed in the war". In the war he served in the howitzer artillery regiment, then commanded a battery in the rank of an officer and fought on the Southwestern Front until the end of the war, which he describes with the eyes of those who fought on the front line, with its formidable front-line everyday life. The reasons for the heavy defeats at the initial stage of the war Baklanov explains the mass repression, the atmosphere of general suspicion and fear, who was in power in the pre-war time. Requiem for the war-torn young generation, an exorbitant price for the victory, was the story "Forever - Nineteen". In works devoted to the peace period, Baklanov returns to the fate of former soldiers who proved to be warped by a merciless totalitarian system. This is shown especially vividly in the story "Karpukhin", where the life of the hero of the work broke state insanity. According to the writer's scripts, 8 films were shot; The best screen version - "There was a month in May ...".

Military literature for children

Children's writers-front-line soldiers made a significant contribution to literature, writing for teenagers works about their peers - the same as they are, boys and girls who happened to live in wartime.

List of recommended teenage literature about the war:

• A. Mityaev "Sixth incomplete".
• A. Ochkin "Ivan - I, Fedorov - we are".
• S. Alekseev "From Moscow to Berlin".
• L. Kassil "Your defenders."
• A. Gaidar "The Oath of Timur".
• V. Kataev "The Son of the Regiment."
• L. Nikolskaya "Must be alive".

Writers-front-line soldiers, whose list above is far from complete, told the terrible reality of the war, the tragic destinies of people and the courage and heroism displayed by them, accessible and understandable for children. These works educate the spirit of patriotism and love for the Motherland, teach them to appreciate relatives and relatives, to cherish peace on our planet.