Coastline of the Black Sea: description and features

The shoreline of the Black Sea is rugged or not, what is it, what features does it have? This question is often asked by the students. Let's try together to understand the peculiarities of this reservoir and, of course, to find answers to the questions posed.

Briefly about the sea

The Black Sea area is more than 420 thousand square meters. Km. In its outline it looks like an oval with a length of 580 km in width and 1150 km in length. The depth is 2210 m in the deepest part of the occupied territory. Black is one of the inner seas. The connection with the ocean is due to the Marble, Mediterranean, and also the Sea of Azov. The Bosphorus, the Dardanelles and the Kerch straits act as strands connecting all four water areas.

The ruggedness of the shoreline of the Black Sea is poorly expressed. The size of the area occupied by this reservoir is equal to two squares of Great Britain. Seven countries are washed by the Black Sea: in the north are Ukraine, in the northeast - Russia and Abkhazia, in the southeast - Georgia, in the south - Turkey, in the northwest - Romania and Bulgaria.

Signs of life in it are present only at a distance of 150-200 m from the surface. Further water is saturated with hydrogen sulfide, because of this development of living organisms is simply impossible. An exception are anaerobic bacteria.

What is the coastline near the Black Sea?

Most of the coastline is more or less even. Only on the north side there is a slight ruggedness. The length of the coastline of the Black Sea is 3,400 km. Crimea is the largest peninsula. On the opposite side the shore of Anatolia strongly protrudes.

In the north, there are many bays, few of which are found in the south and north-west. Also, the shoreline of the Black Sea is represented by estuaries. Mostly they are on the north and north-west coast. From the Crimean peninsula there is a mountainous relief.

Bays

The largest bays are in the north. This territory belongs to the state of Ukraine. This provision is quite advantageous, and it is determined by the presence of the following bays: Yagorlytsky, Dzharylgachsky, Kalamitsky, etc. But in the south-west there are fewer, the largest: Varna and Burgas (state Bulgaria). The coastline of the Black Sea in the south is also not represented by many bays. The main of them: Sinopsky and Samsun - belong to Turkey.

Crimea can freely be proud of Sevastopol and Balaklava Bay, which are located between the rocks. The Tamansky Peninsula is characterized by many small bays, where reeds and reeds have found their place. The result of this was the formation of the floods.

Relief of the coastline

From the north and north-west, due to the infusion of rivers, the formation of estuaries. In this part of the coast, lowlands. Sometimes you can see cliffs. But the shoreline of the Black Sea near the Crimean peninsula is distinguished by its mountainousness. Especially it concerns the southern as well as the eastern shores. Here you can already see the Pontic Mountains. Also in this part of the coast are located the Caucasus Mountains, which reach the water itself.

The large ledge of Anatolia is characterized by three small islands. Bafra and Charshamba have a low surface, and Injeburun is mountainous. This includes the Sinop Bay. Its name was given in memory of the victory in 1853 of the Russian fleet in the Crimean War. The commander was then PS. Nakhimov.
Once upon a time there was a large bay on the site of occurrence of one of the largest Rion rivers. Over time, instead of him, the Colchis lowland appeared.

On the Turkish side, the Black Sea coastline receives several rivers. These are the waterways of Yesil-Irmak, Chorokh, Kyzyl-Irmak. In the European side of Turkey is the Thracian Peninsula. A very short time had passed when a wide bridge was built for his connection with Anatoly. This makes it possible to pass without difficulty to large vessels along the Bosphorus Strait. To the west from it to the seacoast the Balkan Mountains come very close. There are several large ports here. One of them is Burgas, the other is Varna. It is from here that the sea routes of Bulgaria originate.

The Islands

The Black Sea has no opportunity to boast of a large number of islands. The largest of these is Jarylgach with an area of 62 square meters. Km. The rest are very small - no more than 1 square. Km. This includes the islands of Berezan and Serpentine. The latter is located farthest from the land. Distance from the delta of the Danube to the island is 40 km.

Let's sum up the results

Each section of the coastal zone got its name. In the Crimea, the coast is called Southern, in Russia in the Caucasus - the Black Sea coast, in Turkey - by the Rumeli and Anatolian coasts.

The most convenient bay is in Romania - the port of Constanta. On the north side is a large Danube delta. Here the Lower-Danube lowland passes. It contains a string of salt lakes.

So, we tried to answer, the shoreline of the Black Sea is rugged or not, described the features of its relief.