HealthMedicine

Contact dermatitis

Contact dermatitis is an acute inflammatory skin disease that develops when environmental factors affect it, including physical (radiation, mechanical, temperature stimuli, electric current), biological (infectious processes) and chemical (strong solutions of alkalis and acids).

Contact dermatitis, according to modern classifications, is divided into simple and allergic. For the first, the development of the focus of inflammation directly at the site of the stimulus is characteristic. The degree of disease directly depends on the intensity and duration of exposure to the skin of substances. A certain role is played by the state of human immunity.

Contact dermatitis passes through three stages of development: erythematous (redness), vesiculobullae (formation of inflammatory-type blisters on the skin ), necrotic (death of individual skin patches).

Some types of this disease include abrasion, diaper rash, Leiner dermatitis.

The first form develops as a result of constant pressure on the skin of bandages, uncomfortable shoes, and folds of clothing. Thus there is an inflammatory process. Usually there are predisposing factors: flat feet, increased sweating.

Loss is manifested by the appearance of spots, redness, swelling areas. When eliminating irritating factors at this stage, the disease undergoes self-healing. If this does not happen, then on the skin there are various pathological elements: vesicles, superficial defects and deep ulcers.

Dermatitis contact in the vast majority of cases manifests itself in the form of intertrigo. It occurs as a result of friction between the skin areas. Most often it is the area of inguinal folds, the flexural surfaces of the joints. The disease is typical for women who have obesity and infants, whose skin covers are not properly maintained. To diaper rash, various infections of a fungal, bacterial nature can be attached.

The outcome of this pathological condition is Leiner dermatitis. It is characterized by localization in the area of the interannual fold. In the future, it can affect significant areas of skin. This is the most dangerous contact dermatitis. Symptoms characteristic of this disease are the following: intense coloring of the skin, the appearance of various pathological elements (fatty, grayish-white or yellow scales, crusts). If the disease develops in parallel with severe pathologies of an infectious nature (inflammation of the lungs, intestinal invasion), then the symptoms of the underlying disease are more pronounced.

Contact dermatitis is usually eliminated by stopping the effects on the skin of harmful factors. In the future it is necessary to take antiallergic substances, which serve as reliable means of preventing relapses of the disease.

In more severe cases, various means of drug therapy are used to treat this pathological condition. To eliminate areas of redness are shown lotions, ointments, which include preparations of hormones of the adrenal cortex.

When bubbles appear, they must be opened, but their cover must not be removed (it is impregnated with special solutions containing disinfectants, then it is put in place). Wipes and intertrigo are eliminated by means of various pastes. The means are used that contribute to the strengthening of immunity. When complications are added, antibiotics are prescribed.

Prevention of contact dermatitis is the observance of skin hygiene, timely access to a dermatologist.

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