Brick extension to brick house: project, permit, construction

If you decide that you just need a brick extension to a brick house, you first need to decide what purpose this veranda will have. If you plan to use it for recreation, then it makes sense to build an open terrace or gazebo. If necessary, to additionally insulate the house, you can erect a closed veranda that will play the role of a tambour between the entrance door and the street. This approach will prevent the passage of cold masses into the dwelling. For those summer residents who visit the country house mainly in the autumn, the insulated extension perfectly fits, then in the winter it will be possible to sit over a cup of tea.

Design and building permit

Before the brick extension can be erected to the brick house, it is necessary to create its project and approve it in the appropriate instance. Most often the verandah is built in such a way as to close the entrance door. Therefore, if the house is already ready, then it is not always possible to install an extension from the side with which you want to. If you arrange a veranda without entering the house, the room will be torn off from the main building, and you will have to carry tea and food through the street.

Dimensions of the annex can be chosen independently, given the number of people who could rest on it at the same time. For a family of 6 members, an extension with a size of 3x4 meters will suffice. It is important to take into account the general view from the street. If the veranda is small, and the building itself consists of two floors, then the architectural ensemble is unlikely to look harmonious. While for a small house the verandah on the width of the wall of the building is perfect. This will increase the useful area, and from the side of the extension will look decent.

Before it will be installed a brick extension to the brick house, it must be officially legalized, no matter what its purpose. It is necessary to carry out these manipulations even before construction begins. After you have designed the extension and its general appearance, you need to visit a special department, which is engaged in the design of buildings. There you will have the opportunity to order a veranda project, after its manufacture you need to go to the architectural department of the city where you will get permission to build and make changes to the project of the house. As practice shows, it is recommended to do this in advance, as the design and approval can take about 2 months. That is why it is better to do similar work in the winter, when the construction season did not begin.

Landmarking

If you need a brick extension to a brick house, then you can work on building it yourself. At the first stage it is necessary to mark out and break the site. To do this, the master has to remove the fertile layer, deepening by 15 centimeters. Soil can be used on flower gardens or in the country. The site for construction is leveled, only after it is possible to start its breakdown. Using the dimensions indicated in the project, you should mark the boundaries of the extension. To do this, at the corners of the future veranda you need to drive iron bars or wooden pegs, pulling a twine between them.

Creating a foundation

Before making an extension to the brick house, it is necessary to create a foundation that can be ribbon or columnar. Most often for the verandas, bases are built, the depth of which is equal to a given parameter inherent in the foundation of the main building. Specialists do not recommend connecting these elements with each other in a monolith, since the verandah and the house will have different weights, hence, different degrees of shrinkage. To ensure that a heavy house does not pull an easy building, the veranda must be installed on separate grounds. Between the foundation of the house and the extension it is necessary to provide a 4-centimeter gap.

For reference

If you are thinking about the question of how to make an extension to a brick house, then you need to take into account the characteristics of the ground and the total mass of the veranda. When building on a bedrock soil, the foundation can move during operation, then the extension will move away from the wall of the main building. Lightweight foundations are not designed for heavy walls, so they can shrink under the influence of weight.

Construction of the basement

A veranda attached to the house can be installed on a tape base. To do this, use concrete. Initially excavated trench, the size of which is selected taking into account the foundation of the house. In the pit, formwork is laid, the height of which should be equal to the height of the future base or somewhat larger. It must be formed from boards that are knocked together. For the preparation of concrete should be used six parts of rubble, three parts of sand, part of cement.

The foundation for the brick extension is poured with several layers, the first of which is strengthened with stones. Then you can proceed to pouring the next portion, into which stones are added. For the top layer, stones are not required to be used, the surface must be leveled with a trowel and left for 4 days. If the weather is hot in the street, then twice a day the surface of the basement must be watered, so it will be possible to avoid the appearance of cracks.

Construction of columnar foundation

The veranda attached to the house can be installed on the columnar base. This approach is relevant in the case when the extension will have very small dimensions. In order to hedge against the punching of the soil, the pits need to be excavated below the freezing depth of the soil, which is more than 1 meter. For brick walls, it will be necessary to install the supports not only in the corners, but also along the perimeter, placing the elements in steps of 60 centimeters.

Methods of work

Before starting the construction of a brick extension to the house, it is necessary to excavate the pits, to the bottom of each of which a 20-centimeter layer of sand is poured. It is carefully tamped, spilled with water. Next, the master can proceed to pour concrete, which must reach the surface of the earth. After the solution has solidified, it should be smeared with bitumen, filling the gap between it and the ground with sand. The above-ground part of the support is created from block masonry or brick, so that the height of the element reaches the main foundation or is slightly lower. Up to the finishing floor of the veranda should remain approximately 30 centimeters.

Construction of brick walls

A brick extension to a brick house with their own hands can be completely executed. Before you begin to build walls, you need to check how much the surface of the foundation is horizontal. If the base is uneven, then the laying can become deformed and become cracked when shrinkage occurs. In order to connect the main wall with the annex, in it during the erection of the walls it is necessary to make holes, deepening by 2/3. Drill these holes through 3 rows of masonry. In them, the reinforcement is installed, which will protrude from the wall for 0.5 meters. It is to be laid in the seams of future masonry. To ensure that the seams in these rows are not too wide, the reinforcement should not have a very large diameter.

Before laying bricks, a string along the wall should be stretched over which it will be possible to control the horizontality of the rows. Verticality is checked with a plumb line. The thickness of the walls is determined by the appointment of the future annex. If it is intended to make a living room, the masonry should have a thickness of one or two bricks. If the premises will perform the function of a utility room or a veranda, it will be enough to lay in 1/2 bricks.

After the construction of the brick walls is completed, they must be pulled over the top with a concrete belt, for which a formwork is made, into which the reinforcement structure filled with concrete solution is laid. After the concrete has solidified, the formwork is removed, and the master proceeds to the device of overlapping.

Overlay of the extension

Attachment of the garage to the brick house is built on the same technology as described in the article. Only in this case the dimensions of the room will be determined by the dimensions of the car. At the next stage, a ceiling slab is built, for which bars are used, they will act as beams. These elements are installed on the top of the walls at a distance of 70 centimeters from each other. Their fixation is made by special angles. When installing beams on a brick building, they can be embedded in a concrete belt, beforehand having wrapped the edge of each of them with a ruberoid. Now you can sew the beams with thick plywood or boards, on which the heater will be laid on top.

Tips for erecting a roof

The annexes to the brick house may provide for the presence of a roof of various structures. However, the most common for this are the one-pitch options, which consist of rafters. The angle of inclination can vary from 25 to 30 degrees, this is necessary to ensure that precipitation in winter time does not stay on the surface. On the front of the roof or wall, make a mark in the form of a flat horizontal line, according to which the bars supporting the rafters will be fixed. The lower support for them will serve as a cut off wall or joists. Rafters must extend beyond the walls by 300 millimeters to protect them from rainwater. Fixation of rafters is made by metal corners.