What is town planning documentation?

Organization of the arrangement of cities and other settlements requires the development of a special plan, in accordance with which a system for arranging specific territories will be formed. Depending on the direction of urban development, documentation on zoning, architectural design, infrastructure improvement and repair work may be required. To systematize such measures, the development of town planning documentation is being designed by groups of specialists of different profiles.

General information on town planning documentation

For the development of regions and settlements of the Russian Federation, a special procedure for the development of documents is provided, which contain specific planning, architectural and design solutions for the construction, as well as infrastructure support for the terrain. Initially, a list of tasks is formed, according to which a particular area of the urban and rural settlement should develop. At the same time, town planning documentation affects the issues of operation of construction sites, their technical maintenance and maintenance. Experts in the documentation not only give advice on the immediate construction, but also present design schemes for the further development of facilities.

Urban Development Code

Regulation of urban development is based on codified documents, fixed in the legislative framework. The object of rationing and standardization in this case is town-planning relations, that is, measures aimed at the development of territories, including cities and other settlements. To verify the compliance of construction and planning activities, the approved standards are provided for the examination of project documentation. Town-planning code requires compliance with the rules in the development of documents for the implementation of territorial planning, zoning, architectural and construction activities, reconstruction and repair. The need for separate development of the rules of the town-planning code in this area is conditioned by the need to ensure the safety of the construction sites, as well as the goals of effective prevention of emergencies of various types and their timely elimination.

What is included in the package of town planning documents?

Mainly, the documentation contains design decisions on the arrangement and planning of urban and rural areas. In particular, the package includes comprehensive territorial schemes with features of urban areas and rural districts. It can be projects for building microdistricts, quarters and objects of planning infrastructure. The scheme of division of administrative-territorial subjects which can act as independent or separate units is separately provided. Explanatory notes are provided for the lands included in the general planning structure. In this part, town planning documentation provides information on land categories, forms of ownership, physical parameters of the area, uses, etc. For urban infrastructure, planning decisions are specially developed concerning schemes for organizing street-road networks, communication lines and structures.

Types of town planning documentation

The documents regulating the organization and development of territories, in accordance with the town planning code, can be divided into several categories. The basic material is a project, according to which common features of urban and rural settlements are formed. In part this is a way of forming separate territorial entities at different levels - from federal to municipal. Then follows the planning document, which indicates the schemes of transport networks and interchanges, applied to the regions as a whole. At this level, urban planning documentation for urban planning can also cover the objects of engineering and communication support of settlements. More precisely, the activity of builders and architects regulates the design documentation relating to buildings and land surveying. Such materials provide for the marking of areas, the organization of land relief, road traffic, as well as measures to protect cultural and historical sites.

Development of the documentation package

The basis for the implementation of the town planning project is the receipt of the relevant order from the federal government authorities, the local administration or by prior agreement with other authorized entities. At the same time, the assignment can also contain requirements for initial engineering surveys and research activities. Directly the development of town planning documentation provides for drawing up of graphic plans, design and technical materials, infrastructure schemes, etc. Any corrections and changes in documents can be carried out only with the approval of the bodies that approved the particular material. Prior to this, the documents should be published with a wide discussion with the participation of the population. Perform the same development of local architecture and urban planning, which also produce the registration of documents and their storage.

Registration of town planning documentation

All documentation is divided into two parts, representing a graphic and text sections. As for the first part, materials of this kind are represented in the form of images with drawings and diagrams. Symbols can also be used. As a sub-base, unpainted paints are used to indicate topographic and geodetic characteristics. Computer and multiplying tools are increasingly being used to carry out the graphical part. However, without prior approval, the approval of town planning documentation made using modern technologies of this type may not take place. Methods of manufacture must initially be negotiated with the customer. The text part is usually formed by explanatory notes, materials of justification of certain decisions, statistical and analytical data, which are formalized in the form of separate applications.

Information support for documentation development

In order to shorten the time of order for urban planning documentation, it is recommended to use inventories with information sources or finished data materials. As a rule, sources are provided by the customer himself, recommending to the developers and references to regulatory documentation. In particular, legal documents, cartographic basis, city plans and topographic maps can serve as the initial information. As well as the preparation of town planning documentation, the source materials can be made in electronic form. Sometimes customers provide performers and special equipment for working with digital cartographic materials.

Documentation expertise

The conduct of state expertise precedes the procedure for approving documents. The audit is carried out by federal or territorial bodies, depending on the nature of the documentation. Based on the conclusions of the specialized expertise, a summary is prepared. In the case of a positive evaluation, a recommendation is made for the approval of the material. The very expertise of town planning documentation has a diverse character. As a rule, experts from different directions participate in it, assessing the documents for correctness of registration, for compliance with environmental, technical and operational requirements.

Reconciliation and approval of documentation

After the publication of the documents and before approval, they are submitted for consultation with local authorities. At this stage, commissions are involved in urban development in terms of land relations, architecture, protection of cultural and historical monuments and mining supervision. The state approval of the town planning documentation provides for the possibility of providing the customer with substantiated comments on the content of the materials. If the commission does not have any claims to the documents, then within a certain period of time the project is considered agreed and approved.

Execution of approved urban planning documentation

After the publication and final approval, town planning documents are sent to local architects who register the project and organize its storage. Further from the local administration, it is required to monitor the implementation of the plan. Actually, the town planning documentation is the basis for conducting architectural and construction activities and cadastral register. Direct implementation of the order for the implementation of approved documents is entrusted to specialized organizations in the field of construction, design and carrying out geodetic work.

Conclusion

The development of cities and other settlements is impossible without a prepared plan. The construction of administrative buildings, landscape planning, the laying of communication and road networks, the formation of districts and quarters - the initial data for such events contains urban planning documentation, developed by specialists in various fields. In addition to current tasks on the construction of the territory, the future development of territorial entities is also envisaged. At the same time, not only the technical properties of construction and infrastructure facilities are taken into account, but also the social and cultural needs of the population, in whose interests urban planning documents are developed.