If we compare our speech, modern, and the speech of at least our grandparents (and even parents), there will be significant changes. And it is worthwhile to listen or understand the communication of children and adolescents - half of what they said we can not understand at all. After all, they operate with such words, they call such objects (a vivid example - game attributes and virtual things), which we do not even suspect. All this is evidence that the language is a living organism, that it is constantly developing. What is this development? In the constant replenishment of the vocabulary due to some words, in the care of the past of others. After all, what is a neologism? This word, which at this particular moment in time is perceived as new, entered recently, not mastered to sufficient extent. As the fixation in the language, it loses its shade of novelty, becomes common. An example can serve, say, the word "airplane" or "mobile phone", or even "computer". At a certain stage of social and scientific and technological development, all these were neologisms in the Russian language. But now we have long been accustomed to them, they have become part of the common ones. Or take the word "pioneer", "Komsomolets" - with the advent of the phenomenon there are concepts that call them. But these organizations have disappeared - and now the words go to the past, become historic.
So what is a neologism? It is a lexeme that has entered the language or formed in it relatively recently and is perceived by the majority of carriers as a new unit. The appearance of such words is inseparably connected with several moments. The main thing is scientific and technical development. There is an invention, development, product - and there is a need for a new word. For example, the "search engine", "browser", "laptop" came into active use just a little over a decade ago. To understand what neologism is, analysis of social changes and changes will help us. If, for example, for the beginning of the 20th century, the words "communist" and "party member" were new - now, when new parties, organizations and social movements are formed, they enter the language "United Russia", "martyrs", "bear". Degree of mastery can be different. For example, the active formation of word forms indicates that the word firmly enters the vocabulary and consciousness of contemporaries. If a few years ago we used the name of the company and the search engine only as the name of our own "Google", now we can hear such derivatives as "google", "google". Or take interesting words "like", "tweet", "zafrendit" - this will help us understand what neologism is and how the development of a new one in our speech is proceeding. Most often, the updating of the vocabulary is due to borrowing. And often for the nomination of the same phenomenon or object there are in parallel two words: mastered and new. For example, "pallet" and "pallet." Or "manager" and "manager". Neologisms in modern Russian are formed and due to changes in the meanings of already existing words. For example, "voice" in the meaning of "express, say aloud." Or "download" in the meaning of "transfer files".
Writers and poets are actively engaged in word-making. To understand what the individual author's neologism is, examples from Mayakovsky ("gromadyo", "vyzvezditsya"), Nabokov ("nymphet"), will help us. Otherwise, such words are called occasionalisms.