What is a tap water valve? Device, drawing and wiring diagram

To change the flow of transported media to a complete stop, a shut-off valve is used. The water tap for water is characterized by the following properties:

• Simplicity of design and operation;
• Application at large pressure drops;
• Small size and weight;
• Possibility of installation on any part of the pipeline;
• A small shutter stroke provides convenient maintenance.

Types of valves

Shutoff and control valves are classified according to three characteristics:

• Hull shape;
• Type of the locking part;
• Method of installation in the system.

According to the shape of the body, the valves are as follows:

• Straight flow - the flow is overlapped by the valve seat in the transverse direction;
• Angular - the locking element moves towards the motion of the medium;
• Mixing - to get the set water temperature.

The locking element differs in structure:

1. Ball - through the sphere in the straight-flow case. When the longitudinal axes of the hole and the body are combined, the flow of the flow is fully opened. Rotation in a perpendicular direction 100% overlaps the flow of liquid. The valve functions as a shut-off element only, but it is not suitable for regulation. The use of the device is associated with its high reliability, fast shutoff and compactness. It almost does not break anything, because there are very few details.
2. Valve - with a lock connected to the threaded rod, screwed into the fitting nut. The unit is used to regulate the flow and to completely shut off the flow (in the lowest position).
3. Needle - a conical piston with the regulation of the flow of liquid under high pressure (about 220 Bar).

Valve materials:

• Ball: brass, stainless or structural steel ;
• Valves: cast iron, brass.

New materials are also used for the manufacture of valves. The case made of polypropylene makes the device durable and at the same time cheap. Fluoroplastic coatings increase the resistance to corrosion and aggressive media.

The difference between a valve and a faucet

Water faucets and valves differ, although they are often identified. The latter is installed between the joints of two pipes, forming a line. The valve includes a direct valve and a spout through which water flows out.

The device and operation of the valve valve

The most important working element of the valve is a saddle with a gate, which is manually moved by a spindle. Valve tap water, the device of which is shown below, contains threads in the body and on the rod, which has the property of braking. As a result, the shutter disk tightly presses against the seat, blocking the flow when the valve is closed. In the open state, the cross-section remains unchanged when the flow of water flows.

Typically, the body is not threaded, because it wears out quickly. To do this, attach the running nut to it, inside which the spindle is screwed. Then, instead of a worn out assembly, you can install another one, but the case will be preserved. All parts are interchangeable for the tap water (GOST 12.2.063-81, GOST 5761-74).

The valve is opened by turning the knob. In this case, the spindle moves forward, releasing the fluid passage. If the rotation is performed in the opposite direction, the valve closes.

The device is connected to the pipeline through the inlet and outlet nozzles. They can be distinguished among themselves by the presence of an arrow indicating the direction of the flow.

Angle valves

For a perpendicular change in the direction of liquid transfer with the possibility of overlapping and adjustment, a corner faucet is used (drawing below: a - gangway, b - corner).

The perpendicular arrangement of the inlet and outlet nozzles determines the purpose of the valve for pipelines changing the direction by 90 ^° . The principle of his work is the same as that of the checkpoint. The valve travel is carried out coaxially with the inlet branch pipe.

Scope of corner valves:

1. When piping to the radiator, when it is blocked or regulated by the flow of the coolant, the tap is water (see photo below). Models from high-temperature polypropylene are more convenient and cheaper than brass ones when connected to plastic pipes.
2. Prevention of vibration and buildup of pipelines.
3. Reducing the flow velocity of the fluid without high-frequency noise.
4. In fire-fighting water pipes at operation in any positions.
5. Simplify the installation of pipes by reducing the consumption of fittings.

The design and operation of the ball valve

The main working element of the valve is a ball with a through hole. When the handle is positioned along the pipe, the tap is open. If it is turned perpendicular to the pipe, it will close. The hole in the balloon can be round, square, in the form of a trapezoid or an oval. In valves of small diameter the crane is made floating, and for large-sized devices it is made on special supports. High seal tightness is provided by an elastic seal. This allows you to install this type of model on gas pipelines.

The tap water valve operates in two extreme positions when rotated by 90 °, when it is fully open or closed. An attempt to regulate the flow rate will lead to a rapid wear of the seal.

Ball valves have wider possibilities of connection of branch pipes at installation of water supply systems:

• Passageways;
• Angular;
• With three or more taps in order to redirect the transported flows.

Connections to the pipes are made choke, flanged and welded. The latter option allows you to permanently install a tap water in the system.

Shower faucets

The device is made single-lever ball or in the form of two valve valves. The set includes a removable shower head with attached flexible hose and a spout into the bath. The mixer is made concealed, taking out only the water temperature control valves.

A classic option is a two-valve accessory with manual temperature adjustment. Cold and hot water are mixed in a special chamber, and then they enter the shower hose or spill. The main elements of the device are two crane-boxes with interchangeable gaskets.

A single-lever device with convenient water adjustment is becoming popular. The main element of the mixer is the replaceable cartridge. If it fails, it can be easily removed and replaced with a new one.

With the integrated thermostat, the adjustment is simplified. It is pre-configured, which guarantees the outlet of water with a set temperature. For this purpose, the thermostatic element that distributes the flows is in the body. The only drawback of such models is the high price.

Installation

Small diameter valves are installed on the thread (up to 60 mm). On the pipe there is a drift, the joint is sealed with hemp or fluoroplastic film. Winding is done in the direction of thread tightening. This creates a tight connection that can withstand high pressures.

A large diameter pipe is connected by a flange with a washer of a ramjet or angle valve through a gasket. Tightening them together is done by bolts with nuts. The flange is connected to the pipe by means of arc welding.

Valve for water: repair

If the gate valve element is damaged, it is replaced with a similar unexploited or new unit. For this, the pipeline section is freed from the liquid, blocking it from both sides. The valve type shut-off element is then dismantled. The ball valve is removed completely with carob or adjustable keys. On the flanges, the nuts are twisted in parallel and gradually - 3-4 turns each.

First, check the integrity of the seals, which are replaced when worn. Leaks mostly occur due to deformation of the gaskets and when the thread is broken off when it is incorrectly installed. Then the body and the seat are inspected. In the absence of cracks, the assembly is assembled again. The body is not subject to repair if mechanical damages occur on it. Accumulation to the pipeline requires its cutting and the need for further welding operations.

In this case, it is necessary to install a new or renovated water tap. An unprepared person to undertake difficult repairs is not worth it because of ignorance of his features.

The stop valves create additional resistance, so clogs can form in the joints. It is not always necessary to remove the valves. Sometimes it is enough to simply flush the pipelines by opening all the valves.

Replacement of the stuffing box can be done neatly with your own hands. To do this, shut off the water supply from the riser, disassemble the locking mechanism, replace the gaskets and lubricate the moving parts.

Conclusion

The tap water valve is easy to operate and does not require special maintenance. Each model should be used for its intended purpose. Simple repair of the valve can be done by oneself, if you act carefully and correctly.