Garden Rose: Planting and Care, Growth Rules

Garden rose, planting and caring for which are not particularly difficult - a representative of the genus Rosehip - for a long time has the status of the most popular flower on the planet. The symbol of love, beauty, politics and war, the queen of the garden is the object of admiration and worship of both experienced flower growers and designers, and people who know how to appreciate the beautiful. In the cultural floriculture, they distinguish between park and garden varieties, among which the most popular is the rose garden bush. Planting and caring for such a culture requires a certain amount of knowledge, but in practice, communication with the plant is supported by the experience gained. Also in cultural floriculture are popular ground-covering, tea-hybrid, climbing and miniature species.

Garden and park roses: planting and care

Most often, this sort of roses, characterized by abundant flowering, include cultivated dog-rose. The main advantage of these plants is their high winter hardiness and early flowering, 2-3 weeks before the beginning of flowering of other species. Being low plants, the park roses look very attractive because of thick foliage and they look great both in single and in group plantings.

Plant rose bushes, whose life expectancy averages 20-30 years, is recommended on sunny areas, well ventilated from all sides, and the key to successful growth will be nutritious loose soil. It is better if it is a loam with a high percentage of humus. Planting of park roses is made in the first half of spring or early autumn. During the first three years, a powerful root system and basic stems are formed. It is at this time that the plant should be provided with the maximum care, which consists in timely watering, infrequent, but abundant. In this case, the root system in the search for moisture rises in depth, which positively affects the winter hardiness of the bush. Consumption for 1 bush - 1.0-1.5 buckets of water. With frequent watering, the formation of surface roots will occur, which are very easily damaged during loosening and poorly tolerated frosts.

An important factor in caring for garden and park roses is the regular loosening of the soil near the bushes and the introduction of fertilizing. In spring, the soil should be fertilized with the manure reparted, in the summer, apply mineral preparations.

Climbing roses

Such plants are a variety of rose hips and some varieties of garden roses and are characterized by long branching shoots. Due to this quality are successfully used in the vertical gardening of buildings, walls and arbors. Perfectly look in garden floral compositions, are the main element of decor in the design of garden structures, arches, columns, pyramids.

The rose family garden grows well in sunny areas, protected from direct sunlight in the afternoon. The soil under the planting should be water-permeable, without the close occurrence of groundwater. In a temperate climate the plant is best planted in late September - early October or in spring, in April - May. Before planting shoots should be shortened to 15-20 cm, and roots - up to 30 cm.

Planted plants need to be well watered, high-bogged, covered with a film to create greenhouse conditions and regularly air. As soon as the threat of spring frosts passes, the film can be removed, and the site must be covered up.

Garden rose: planting and care in the open ground

The best period for planting garden roses is autumn (early September - mid-October). If the winters are too frosty in the growing region, roses can be planted in the spring (April-May), waiting for the warming up of the soil.

A garden rose, growing at home which requires the application of certain knowledge, requires a proper selection of a place for planting. In this case, roses planted on it, will bloom long, delivering aesthetic pleasure to the owners of the garden and their guests. Garden culture loves an abundance of light; The most optimal is its location on the territory located away from trees and large bushes and in the afternoon it turns out to be in the penumbra. An important factor of survival and active growth of the flower is the absence of drafts and the near occurrence of groundwater.

Prepare for planting arrangements should be done in advance, a month or two. If the groundwater is located close to the surface, it is necessary to form an elevated flower bed for the rose garden, otherwise the roots will begin to rot, and the plant will lose decorativeness and will have an unhealthy appearance. The site is required to be dug up; For each square. Meter to make on the bucket of garden compost, 30-50 grams of superphosphate and 2 cups of wood ash. Too clay soil can be diluted with sand.

How to plant a rose

Garden rose, planting and care for which is a phenomenon all-the-year-round, will please with abundant flowering with proper preparation. Seedlings of roses, which must first prune roots and stems, it is recommended to lower in water for several hours. At this time, it is possible to prepare a landing pit: the optimal diameter is 40-50 cm, and the depth should slightly exceed the volume of the root system of the seedling together with the earthen lump. From the excavated earth and compost in a proportion of 3: 1, you must prepare a soil mixture, in which you can additionally add a handful of wood ash. In the pit, you need to pour a bucket of water with a diluted tablet of heteroauxin (organic growth stimulant), lower the seedling of the rose and, holding it by the stem, sprinkle with prepared soil. The young plant should be bored to a height of 15 cm, and around it form a circular ditch that delays the flow of water. Also, the planted flower needs to organize a shade.

In the first year after planting, the bush is formed, so the main factors of care at this stage is the timely pinching of shoot ends, aimed at stimulating tillering. Also, in order to avoid the weakening of the young plant in early summer, it is necessary to remove buds that have begun to form. In the second half of the summer season, the buds should be ripe, and only then removed.

Watering of garden roses

Also important factors of plant care are regular watering, application of fertilizing, loosening and weeding of soil. The supply of moisture is recommended not very often (with the drying of the soil on the site), but abundantly. The exception is just planted shrubs: they should be watered every other day. The water norm for each adult plant is 10 liters; Depending on the season, this indicator may vary. So, in a hot and arid summer, you need to water roses more often and more. The supply of moisture should be made moderately, not intensively, so as not to wash the soil from the roots; Do not use too cold water. The optimal time for watering is the morning and evening hours, and the most recommended way of supplying moisture to plants is considered to be a drop. At the end of summer, at the end of flowering, in order to prevent stagnation of water in the soil, the watering rate should be reduced. Otherwise, there is a high risk of developing fungal infections for a plant such as a garden rose. Growing (photo above) in the garden of such a culture is a real holiday, allowing daily enjoying a beautiful natural creation.

Fertilizer activities

For active development and abundant flowering, garden roses are required to be fed. In the first year of planting this process can be skipped, since the required fertilizers have already been laid in the planting pit. Starting from the second season, fertilizing must be made necessarily: at the beginning of the growing season, when forming buds, at the end of flowering and before the process of lignification of the stems.

After spring pruning of shrubs twice, with a weekly break, for each square meter of area, 20 grams of ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulphate are added . During the formation of buds and after flowering on the same area, 30 g of superphosphate, 20-30 g of ammonium nitrate and 10 g of potassium salt should be added. In August - September, superphosphate and potassium salt are introduced into the soil : per square meter of 30-40 g. From organic fertilizers, which should be alternated with mineral fertilizers, it is better to use wood ash and slurry in the rose garden.

How to transplant the plant correctly

Garden rose, planting and care in the open ground for which require certain knowledge and skills, has the property to grow, in connection with which the loss of shrubs decorativeness. Therefore sometimes the plants have to be transplanted. The best time to do this is October or April. Before transplanting, the garden shrub rose should be cut to 20 cm, then it is necessary to cut off all the leaves and remove the damaged branches. The plant is to be excavated with an earthen lump and gently placed in a new pit, previously flooded with water.

Features of cutting

The most difficult moment in caring for garden roses is pruning, which activates the development of shoots and rich flowering. This procedure is carried out from spring to autumn and has a different purpose. When spring pruning, the plant is freed from dried and old shoots with a parallel formation of the bush. The summer procedure is considered sanitary: from a few flowers buds a larger specimen is left. It is also necessary to remove wilted flowers and fastened fruit. In autumn the plant is preparing for the next winter: cut damaged and dried shoots.

How to properly prune such a chic plant, like a garden rose? Planting and nursing in the spring less frighten the inexperienced florist than pruning the plant. There is nothing complicated in this procedure, it is important only to know some of its subtleties in order to boldly handle the plant in the future.

Methods of reproduction

Garden rose, planting and caring for which bring a huge aesthetic pleasure, multiplies in several ways:

• Cuttings;
• Layering;
• Division of the bush;
• Vaccination;
• Offspring;
• Seeds.

Seed method is most often used in breeding hybrids, new varieties and for the reproduction of wild roses. The harvested seeds are cleaned and immersed in damp sand for 4 months for the purpose of stratification. With the advent of spring for some time stand in the growth stimulator, after which they are sown.

Reproduction by cuttings is often used for park and indoor species and is the rooting of cuttings. They are cut at the moment when the garden rose blooms. Planting and care (photo) are not complex.

You can propagate roses inoculum. For rootstocks are used dogrose, possessing a strongly developed root system and characterized by high winter hardiness. With qualitative care, the grafted rose will turn into a powerful plant with a rich crown by the autumn, fully ready for transplantation to a new growth site.

By dividing the bush, only the native plants grow. To do this, in the spring (before bud budding) or in autumn it is necessary to dig a bush, to divide it into parts with the help of an acute tool. The resulting plants must have one or two shoots and their roots. Places of slices must be treated with pounded coal, and seedlings should be planted according to the usual scheme. During spring breeding, new plants can even please with abundant flowering and active growth.

When propagating by layers on the shoot growing from the root neck, it is required to make annular incisions of the cortex, bend it and place it in a shallow groove, prepared in advance. The branch should be fixed with a wire brace or hook and sprinkled with damp earth, leaving the top on the surface. The latter must be tied to the peg, giving it a vertical growth direction in this way. During the summer, the kidney above the layer should be kept moist. Only the next spring it will be possible to separate from the parental specimen such young plants as garden roses. Planting, care (photo can be seen in the article) behind them are watering, feeding and timely pruning.

About the eustoma and the Chinese rose

Against the background of floral cultures, a bright spot is a Chinese rose, a garden perennial eustoma, grown for cutting. For example, a freshly cut eustoma can stand in a vase with water for about a month. The plant has a meter long stems, strong and elegant. Flowers bloom alternately and are characterized by different shades: white, purple, purple, pink. In half-opened form, the eustoma resembles a rose, at full dissolution it is very similar to a poppy.

Large bright flowers of a vast range of colors, with a pencil of contrasting color or border on the edge, simple and double, bright, large - on such grounds recognizes the Chinese garden rose. Growing and leaving the house behind such a plant is not particularly complicated; It is important to choose the right place for planting, regularly watering the plant, removing weeds, loosening the soil and timely feeding. It is also important to control that the bush of hibiscus (Chinese rose) is not thickened. It should be noted that the Chinese rose flower lives only for a day, but when it blossoms, it is imperceptible. It is important only to remove wilted flowers in time.

Diseases and pests

Roses, like any of the plants, can be exposed to diseases and invasion of harmful insects. Unfavorable growth conditions are one of the factors that weaken the plant's immunity. More often than other roses are affected by rust, powdery mildew, chlorosis and black spotting. Fungal diseases are treated with fungicides: a 1% suspension of colloidal sulfur and a 3% solution of copper sulfate. Chlorosis, causing bush yellowing, develops due to a lack of nutrients in the soil, including iron. In this case, by analyzing the soil, it is necessary to find out which element is missing and to eliminate the cause by introducing salts into the soil.

Of insects, a garden rose, planting and caring for which is a constant and responsible process, can be damaged by suckers (mites, aphids, whiteflies, cicadas, scutes) and gnawing (pestilential larvae, beetles, caterpillars). Both those and others cause huge damage to plants. The first pierce the ground parts of the bush and suck out the cell sap. As a result, in the plant there is a disruption of life processes, leading to the death of shoots, twisting the leaves and their fall.

The activity of gnawing pests is aimed at disturbing the integrity of parts of the plant and leads to slower growth, poor flowering and loss of decorative features. It is possible to fight pests by the fact of their occurrence or to apply preventive measures and to process rose bushes with insecticides "Rogor", "Actellik", "Carbophos". Do this before the buds swell. Of folk remedies, a solution of 2 g of kerosene diluted in 10 liters of water is effective. In autumn, after cropping, plant remains must be collected and destroyed, and the bushes and soil treated with the insecticides listed above.