What is a public place: a concept and a definition. Etiquette in public places. The ban on smoking in public places

Modern Russian legislation is not yet perfect. There are some gaps in it that still need to be filled. One of them is the definition of the term "public place". This is exactly what I want to talk about right now.

Terminology

Initially, it should be noted that there is no precise definition of this concept in Russian legislation. And this is a huge omission, because in this case the term "public place" can be treated quite differently. But still, lawyers found a way out of the situation. So, for a basis in this case two articles of the Code on an administrative offense are taken:

• Art.20.1 "Fine hooliganism".
• Art.20.20, which tells about drinking beer and other alcoholic beverages.

In these articles it is written where exactly it is impossible to commit such offenses. Now they are considered public today.

From the above, you can create an independent definition. So, a public place is:

• Children's, medical and educational organizations.
• Various types of public transport (ie public transport) - buses, trolleybuses, electric trains, etc.
• Various kinds of cultural organizations. However, there is an exception: catering establishments that are located in them, even if they are not private property, are not considered a public place (if you take into consideration the above-mentioned articles).
• Various sports and physical culture and recreation facilities.
• Parks, streets, stadiums and squares.

However, it should be noted that this is not a complete list.

There is a somewhat different formulation of this concept. According to her, public places are called places of regular, frequent and one-time visits to citizens. It is this definition of the term that law enforcement officers are often guided.

Principles of behavior

There is also the concept of "etiquette in public places". What is it? So, these are some unspoken rules of behavior that people should follow.

1. Tact. As they say, people should be treated the way they want to be treated. You need to have respect for everyone around you, even if it's unfamiliar.
2. Security. Any behavior of a person in a public place should be safe for him and for others.
3. Modesty. Today this rule is often not observed. However, nobody canceled it. A person in a public place should look decent.
4. Personal space. It must be remembered that in a public place a person also has the right to some personal space. So, according to this principle, for example, you should not eat or drink in a close bus.
5. Politeness. It has also not been canceled yet. It must be remembered that one should pay special attention to women, the elderly and children. These are those categories of the population that require special attention, often - help.

General rules of conduct

We must also remember that every educated and self-respecting person will observe various behavioral rules in public places. What do they suggest:

• When you enter any room, you should greet first.
• Also in the room you need to remove the hat and mittens. However, gloves and a hat for ladies to remove is optional.
• A man behind a woman can carry a heavy shopping bag. However, a handbag, an umbrella or a coat the guy behind the girl should not bear. It is not right.
• Etiquette in public places says: it is necessary to greet all people with whom the satellite greets. Let it and strangers.
• In a public place you need to have a neat appearance. Clothes should be clean, shoes - polished.
• To react to an insult in a public place is not worth it. It is best not to respond, but simply to leave the abuser.
• In public places, you can not raise your voice, laugh out loud or eat.

Street Rules of Conduct

Street - a public place, and therefore here you also need to follow certain rules of conduct.

1. Walking along the street should be on the right side, observing the principle of right-hand traffic.
2. Women and men are not allowed to smoke on the streets. This should be done in specially designated places.
3. On the move you can not talk loudly or actively gesticulate. This can interfere with others.
4. According to the rules of etiquette, a man should always go to the left of the lady. Only servicemen can be on the right side. This is necessary so that they can respond in time and without problems to the military greeting.
5. On the street, you can not look closely at strangers.
6. You can not turn on a whistle or an uncivilized response like "Hey you". You need to pretend that this appeal has not been heard.
7. You can not eat while walking. It's not beautiful.

Rules of conduct in transport

Etiquette in public places may vary depending on the place of residence of the person. So, what are the rules of behavior to be followed in transport?

• The first children, women, elderly people enter public transport. They leave first men. After all, they must submit the hand to the above-described categories of the population.
• First of all, there are places in public transport for elderly people, invalids, children and women. And only then - the representatives of the stronger sex.
• Always you have to give way to people who need it. So, it can be old people, children, pregnant women.
• Before you sit down on a free place, you need to ask permission from others. Maybe it is already occupied by someone.

Places of culture and rest

What are some behavioral rules in public places? You need to know how to behave properly in various places of entertainment and recreation.

1. You can not be late for the beginning of a film or a performance.
2. On the rows with seats, you have to go so as to face the sitting.
3. While watching a picture you can not talk, laugh out loud, eat. Also, before starting a picture or a performance, you need to disconnect the mobile phone.
4. During the action, you can not walk around the room, get out of it.
5. At the entrance to the store, you first have to skip the exit, and then enter.

A few words about prohibitions

It should be said that various prohibitions in public places are prescribed in certain laws. So, today there are two big taboos in this direction:

• The ban on smoking.
• Prohibition of drinking alcoholic beverages, including low alcohol drinks in public places.

Smoking

The most urgent contemporary problem of the country, which concerns public places is smoking. Here it is worth noting that in Russia since February 2013 there is a federal anti-smoking law, which provides for the following key items:

1. The ban on smoking in various public places from June 1, 2013. At the same time in apartment buildings you can smoke only in specially designated places.
2. And since June 1, 2014 it is already forbidden to smoke also in cafes, restaurants, bars, hotels, and long distance trains (including on platforms).

However, that's not all. At their discretion, city authorities can expand bans in public places that apply to smoking.

Article on the prohibition of smoking

What regulations and laws prohibit smoking in public places?

• Article 12, which is entitled "Prohibition of tobacco smoking in certain facilities, territories and premises". In this case, there is a federal law 15-FZ of February 23, 2012.
• What else prohibits smoking in public places? Article 6.24 of the Administrative Code. Here we are talking about various violations of the ban on smoking in public places.

Penalties and punishment for breaking the law

Every offense is punished. This is worth remembering. And as they say, ignorance of the law does not absolve anyone from punishment, responsibility. If you consider such a problem as smoking in public places, fine and punishment for such violations - that's what also needs to be told. How much will you give in this case? The range of punishment by the ruble is very wide and ranges from 500 rubles to 1.5 thousand.

Especially strictly punish those who sell tobacco products to children and adolescents. In this case, citizens will have to pay from 3 to 5 thousand rubles, and officials even more - from 30 to 50 thousand. But still, legal entities will suffer the most. In this case, they will have to pay from 100 to 150 thousand Russian rubles.

We further consider the punishment for smoking in public places. The fine will be approximately 2-3 thousand rubles in the event that a person will smoke on the playground.

If someone involves minors in the process of smoking, you will also have to pay for this (give about 1-2 thousand rubles). If such actions are committed by parents or immediate relatives, the punishment will be even stricter.

What should smokers do?

What else can you find out by looking through the relevant law? Smoking in public places should be prohibited - it's all understood. But here's what to do to those people who can not give up this bad habit? Special places for smoking should be provided for them. The officials who did not do so will be fined. It is also important to note that smokers can defend their rights in court or other appropriate state institutions.

Smoking hookah

Russia is among those countries that have banned smoking hookah in public places. Where can this be done?

1. In educational institutions.
2. In medical institutions.
3. At the workplace.
4. In the government.

In the near future, it is also planned to introduce a ban on uncontrolled smoking of hookahs in cafes and bars. To do this, it will be necessary to make special halls or allocate special rooms.

A few words about the ban on smoking in different countries

It should be noted that the introduction and active operation of the law on the prohibition of smoking is a slow and not so easy process. After all, today there are very few specially designated places on the territory of the country. That's why it's impossible to fine all smokers. However, the state does not stand still, taking steps in the right direction. I would like to say a few words about various prohibitions on smoking in public places of different countries:

1. In Finland, the ban was introduced long ago, back in 1977. The fine today is 50-150 euros. The juvenile faces a prison sentence.
2. In Ireland, the fine is 3000 euros.
3. In Sweden, the ban was introduced in 2005, and the fine is 100 euros.
4. In the UK, the law was introduced throughout the year (2006-2007). The fine there is now 2,5 thousand pounds sterling.
5. In India, smoking can be outdoors without fear. In other cases, you will have to pay a fine of almost $ 4.5. The ban was introduced in 2008.
6. Everyone knows that in France there are many smokers. So, they are allowed to smoke on the terraces of cafes and on the platforms. Penalty for violation of a small - only 68 euros.
7. In Japan, some cities allow smoking outdoors. The fine ranges from 13 to 500 dollars.
8. In the US, such bans came into force in 2010 (in most states). The penalty is 250-1000 dollars.

Alcohol

It must also be said that drinking alcoholic and low-alcoholic beverages is also prohibited in public places. This is regulated by Russian law. The ban has been in effect since January 2014.

More details about this can be found in Federal Law No. 171-FZ, which tells not only about the production of ethyl alcohol and its derivatives, but also when and where these beverages can be consumed. Particular attention should be paid to part 3 of the law, article 16. It is here that it is not allowed to drink alcohol in public places, including in various entrances, in elevators, in playgrounds, as well as on stairs and staircases. Moreover, this law prohibits the reception of alcohol in the recreational area, ie, in forests, parks, squares, gardens, etc.

Naturally, violators will punish non-observance of the law. There is a system of penalties for this. You can give 500 to one and a half thousand rubles.

Beer

Considering drinking drinks in public places, you need to say a few words about beer. According to Russian legislation, it also belongs to the category "alcohol". So, for drinking beer in public places will face a fine in the amount described above.

Places where drinking beer will be punished according to the letter of the law:

• Medical and educational institutions.
• Playgrounds.
• Stairs and staircases.
• Markets.
• Courtyards.
• Objects of sport.
• Public transport.
• Beaches and recreational areas.

The state limited the number of places where beer can be sold. So, this drink can not be bought in the metro, at stations, at the airport, at gas stations, retail markets and in other places of extremely large concentrations of people.

Psychotropic substances

It is forbidden to take in public places and various psychotropic substances. In this case, the person will have to pay 4-5 thousand rubles. And if such actions were committed by a foreigner, then after paying a fine he will have to leave the country.