Vasily Vasilyevich Davydov - author of the theory of developmental education

Vasily Vasilyevich Davydov (see photo below) is a Russian psychologist and academician. Vice President of the APN USSR. Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation. He is the author of numerous works on pedagogical psychology. This article will present a brief biography of the scientist. So, let's get started.

Learning

Vasily Vasilyevich Davydov was born in Moscow in 1930. In 1948, he entered the Department of Psychology (Philosophy Faculty) at Moscow State University. Then this subject was taught by P.Ya. Halperin. After a while, the teacher and the student became friends. Davydov became an ardent supporter of his theory of the phased emergence of mental actions.

Job

The last months of training were approaching. Vasily actively communicated with fellow students of V.I. Korovikov, A.A. Zinoviev and E.V. Ilenkov, who became troublemakers at the Faculty of Philosophy. Therefore, Davydova and did not leave to work in Moscow State University after graduation from the graduate school. A.R. Luria helped Vasily get an editor in the publication "Reports of the APN USSR."

After some time, AA. Smirnov invited a young man to the Institute of Psychology. There Vasily worked for the rest of his life. Around the same time, the future academician got acquainted with D.B. Elkonin and began with him to work together in one of the capital's schools.

Formation of the psyche

In the early stages of creativity, Vasiliy Vasilievich Davydov suggested not using the term "development" as applied to an individual. The scientist decided to replace him with the term "formation". The basis of this term is the acquisition, mastering and mastering of the social nature of man, which was noted in the specific products of the objective activity of the previous generation of people. And the psyche is directly controlling the mechanism of labor.

All methods and types of human activity, as well as its propensities, aspirations, needs, individual activity are the result of appropriation of normative models of this work established by society. Davydov believes that public institutions in one way or another affect the formation of the individual. Consequently, the notion of "development" applies not to the individual, but to society as a whole. And the formation of the subject's psyche is already formation.

New concept

In 1978 Vasily Vasilyevich Davydov together with A.K. Markova wrote an article on the problems of mental development. In this work, you can see a shift in the work of the scientist. The fact is that Davydov decided to move on to another concept. The name almost did not mention the name of Halperin. Well, the very notion of "development" in relation to the formation of the individual was no longer replaced by "formation." Last, the scientist appropriated his own meaning.

In the article Vasily Vasilievich considered "formation" as a form of mental development. However, he did not identify these two concepts. According to the scientist, development is a natural qualitative change in the form and level of the individual's activity, which by its nature is social. In addition to the theory, the article also contains empirical data on which it is possible to track the way of thinking development in schoolchildren of the lower grades as well as in adolescents.

The Pedagogical Program

By the end of the 1970s, Vasily Vasilyevich Davydov gradually replaced the theory of P.Ya. Galperin on the cultural and historical concept of LS. Vygotsky. But although the general psychological views of the scientist have become different, his main goal has not changed at all. Based on Vygotsky's theory, Vasily Vasilyevich developed a new pedagogical program. And DB helped him in this. Elkonin. At the heart of their conception were three concepts - reflection, theoretical thinking and learning activity. And they are all closely related. The most difficult moment in the development of the theory was the correct correlation of theoretical and empirical thinking, which are used in the process of cognition.

"The theory of developmental learning"

This book, Academician Davydov Vasily Vasilyevich released in 1996. There he spoke in detail about the theory of children's development. And he did it from the highest position of this problem - the subject of knowledge. According to the scientist, a person is a subject of activity, producing a new spiritual or material product. Well, the process of obtaining a product is an act of creativity. Under this concept, the academician understood the real transformation of himself, culture and objective reality. Well, the result of the work done was directly dependent on the intellectual capabilities of the person.

Vasily Vasilyevich Davydov, whose biography is known to all lovers of pedagogical psychology, believed that a person is the main subject of creative activity, but not the only one. The scientist assumed the possibility of the existence of such a term as a collective individual. If we consider a person as a subject of creative activity, then not all people can become it, but only those who have achieved significant results for society.

Heritage

Davydov Vasily Vasilievich, whose brief biography was described above, died in 1998. All his life, the scientist devoted to changing the principles of school education. Of course, Davydov's theoretical views changed periodically, but the general idea has always remained unchanged. Created by him in co-authorship with D.B. Elkonin's theory of developmental education is still successfully applied in many schools of the Russian Federation. And this irrefutably proves its effectiveness and consistency.