The structure of the walls of the frame house: description, scheme and recommendations

The walls of the frame house are a multi-layered construction, the features of which are fully known only to professionals. However, the home master will be able to master such a technology to carry out work without outside professional help.

Structure of frame walls

The structure of the walls of the frame house provides several layers. This technology, which carries out such construction, found its wide distribution, today it became clear even to a private developer. It is important before starting work to decide what materials to use, and also in what order to arrange them. Without a skeleton, this can not be done, because such a scheme gave the name of the technology.

It will take a vapor barrier layer, crate, finishing materials, OSB, mineral insulation, which can look like mats. Having these materials, you can create from them the right "pie". The formation of a multilayer wall begins with the construction of a frame, which is made of a bar. Between the posts should be placed a layer of thermal insulation, and then move in the direction of the facade. There will be a 15-mm oriented chipboard, and then - a vertical and horizontal laths, between which the membrane is located. The last is the decorative material. The membrane will act as a windshield. The construction of the walls of the frame house inside it will be somewhat easier, for this you need to use the vapor barrier and the lining.

For reference

In order to prevent stagnation of air inside the premises, it will be necessary to install forced ventilation. After all, an oriented particle board is a material that does not allow air to pass through.

Recommendations for wireframe construction

If you will be installing the walls of a frame house, it is important at the first stage to determine whether a residential building will be built in the cold season or it is supposed to be used as a dacha. This affects the thickness of the walls. If it is a summer suburban construction, you can save on the racks, which will have a smaller cross-section. But with the house for year-round living the situation is different. In addition, for a holiday home you can use cheaper finishing materials, because to the appearance of the building are not so serious requirements.

When the construction of the walls of the frame house is carried out, of course, the heat, as well as the vapor barrier, is selected. In this case, much depends on the region where you are going to build. If it is a question of the northern part of the country, then the emphasis should be made on energy saving, the design should have two layers of insulation. However, if the heat and high humidity are outside the window for most of the year, then it is necessary to additionally use the vapor barrier, which fits on the outside of the insulation, whereas for the cold regions this scheme of "pie" is contraindicated.

Description of frame walls: the pros and cons

The construction of the walls of the frame house with their own hands can be fully realized. But before that it is recommended to consider all the pros and cons of such buildings. The main advantage is speed, because the house can be assembled in a few months, which ensures that there is no shrinkage, which in other cases requires waiting until the walls take their final position. Among other things, the method is relatively inexpensive.

Thanks to modern materials it is possible to realize for some months any kind of daring imagination, and the house will turn out to be strong and reliable. But you should pay attention to the weak spots. Undoubtedly, today there are many tools that are used to improve the fire safety of materials. But with all this in the wood, insects and rodents can still start. Therefore, before the start of construction, it is necessary to carry out measures to combat these pests.

Erection of frame walls

The structure of the load-bearing wall of the frame house was described above, now we can proceed to the practical part of the question. At the first stage, preparation is carried out, while it is necessary to determine the amount of construction material. It is important to prepare certain tools, among them:

• drill;
• Plumb bob;
• Building ruler;
• a hammer;
• Screwdriver;
• level;
• Gon;
• Scissors for metal;
• Electric jigsaw.

Among other things, do not forget about the acquisition of antiseptic agents, through which the processing of wooden elements, to give them fire resistance and protect against pests. The thickness of the walls will depend on the purpose of the building, this parameter is affected by the cross section of the racks. Therefore, the support area should be equal to 50 cm ² . First you need to install the lower strapping, which fits on the waterproofing layer of the foundation. After that, lags are installed in the grooves. All angles must be straight, among other things, the elements are aligned horizontally. To simplify the work, it is necessary to maintain the distance between the lags, which will be equivalent to the thickness of the thermal insulation. All elements are treated with antiseptic means. After this, you can proceed with the installation of corner posts. They are fixed by the upper strapping, only after the master can mount the intermediate beams. Experts advise at each stage to check whether the vertical and horizontal are observed, because it will depend on the final result.

Work on corners, upper overlap. Finishing

The construction of the walls of the frame house in details, which is described in the article, will allow you to exclude errors. Thus, the next step will be the processing of corners, which include window and door openings. Fixation is carried out by metal corners, which are strengthened with screws. In the next stage, the floor slabs are mounted, the technology will be similar to the one used for laying floor elements. However, in this case, their length should be somewhat larger. Racks are fixed with the help of the slops.

It was mentioned above that in the structure of frame walls there is a heater according to the type of mineral wool. However, you can choose any suitable thermal insulation. If you want to have enough heat in your house even in a frosty winter, the layer of insulation should be strengthened between the frame racks. At the next stage waterproofing is laid, and it is necessary to ensure that each successive layer overlaps the previous one. The installation is carried out from the bottom up. Experts recommend to fill over thin slabs with which help the ventilating backlash is formed. At the final stage, external finishing materials are laid.

Internal works

The walls of the frame house, the device and the main elements of which are described in the article, must also be trimmed from the inside. In this case, fewer layers are used, only vapor barrier and finishing material should be used. In the role of the latter can come forward chipboard or plywood, and if desired - drywall. If the premise is planned to be made inhabited, it is necessary to pay attention to ecological compatibility of a finishing covering. If it contains harmful substances, it can have a negative impact on human health. For example, some types of chipboard are unsuitable for such use.

Design of interior walls

The construction of the internal walls of the frame house can be carried out using bars, the cross-section of which can be equal to 40x60 or 30x50 mm. You can assemble the frame on self-tapping screws or nails, and less often the fixing plates are used. The frame wall can be made of a conventional profile for gypsum board. You can create a frame with ribs of stiffness, on top of it, the sheet material is sewn.

Construction of frame houses

The structure of the frame house from the foundation to the roof provides for the creation at the first stage of a cheap foundation (possibly - tape). Fastening of the building to the foundation can be done with bolts, crutches with a "swallowtail", ligament anchors or a wedge. The erection of bearing walls has been described above, but after completion of this stage it is possible to tackle the roof. For this, ceiling beams with a square cross-section are used, the side of which is 150 mm. At the corners, permanent wind connections are established flush with the posts. A board with a section of 150x50 mm is laid on them. The roof frame is supported by screeds, the pitch between the rafters should be equal to twice the distance between the frame racks.