The Russian language is rich in imaginative, vivid, capacious expressions. Due to the widely developed lexical stratum, the presence of polysemantics, we have the possibility not only of individual words, but also whole expressions to use in a figurative sense. On the phenomena of polysemy, Russian phraseology is also based. Its composition is enriched not only with native, but also borrowed expressions.
Entering the subject
Vocabulary as a section of linguistics is considered in conjunction with the phraseology. She studies stable combinations of words that can not be identified or replaced by others without losing the general meaning. Hence one more distinctive feature of these linguistic units follows: their semantic content is determined entirely, without taking into account the individual meaning of each individual word. Therefore, they are called stable, as, for example, the meaning of phraseology "to sink into oblivion" - i.e. Disappear forever.
Origin and meaning
Each idiom has its own story. Some originally Russian origin, others appeared as a result of borrowings from other languages, came from literary sources, from history, even from science. Thus, the importance of phraseology "sink into oblivion" turns us to ancient Greek mythology. "Summer" is a toponym. This was the name of the river in Hellenes, flowing in the kingdom of Hades - the gloomy realm of the dead. Its waters are the waters of oblivion. The Greeks believed that when the soul leaves the body, it rushes toward Styx, through which it enters its new abode. There she grieves and yearns, tormented by the horrors of Hades. And only after drinking the water of oblivion, she finds some ghostly peace. Why - explains the importance of phraseology "to sink into oblivion." The soul forgets about that first earthly life. About the attachments inherent in it once. About joys and pleasures, about close people. Of course, it's bitter: to realize that you will not only never see white light and everyone who made up your meaning. It's hard for a dying man and for someone who sends him on his last journey. Therefore, in one word, the meaning of phraseology "to sink into oblivion" can be expressed in this way: forever disappear, be forgotten and forgotten.
Phraseology in Literature
This expression is often found in literary texts - artistic and journalistic. The first sources include Hesiod and Virgil - it was from their works that the expression became known. In the beginning it was used in the literal sense, then it was revised. At present, the meaning of phraseology "to sink into oblivion" is associated not only with mythology, but also with works of fiction. Masterfully beats, for example, his Pushkin in "Eugene Onegin". When Lensky prepares for a duel with a treacherous friend, he writes about himself in the third person: "And the memory of the young poet / Will absorb the slow Summer." However, without the knowledge of ancient Greek culture and, in particular, mythology, not taking into account the origin of the expression "to sink into oblivion", the modern bearer of language hardly understands its meaning. Because phraseological units not only enrich our speech, make it more expressive, imaginative, but also replenish our stock of education, broaden our horizons.
To the question of typology
But back to the classification of phrases (linguistic term). They are divided into 3 groups depending on the degree of coherence of words inside: fusion (idioms), unity, combination. The latter are a freer phenomenon, within them, the tokens can be interchanged or even isolated - the meaning will not change. For example, if you say "he was swallowed by Summer" instead of "sinking into oblivion", the meaning of phraseology, in principle, will not change, will remain clear and transparent. But if in the well-known expression "sit in a galosh" to replace one of the words - its meaning will lose its relevance, sharpness and portable shade. Hence it is clear that the phrase about galoshes in the lexical plan is more connected than about the river. Semantic cohesion is more characteristic, therefore, for idioms and phraseological unity. In combinations, however, the variability of the components is possible.
Grammatical and syntactic aspects
According to the rules of grammar and punctuation, winged expressions are analyzed and understood as ordinary phrases. Their grammatical type depends on the main meaning of the word within the combination. "To sink into oblivion" is a verbal verbal phraseology, tk. The main word in it is this part of speech. The thematic question is given to the whole turnover as a whole, and not to each word separately. Those. To sink into oblivion - what to do? Similarly, all phraseology, from whatever number of units it is, is treated as one member of the sentence. For example: "Not far away is the hour when all conflicts between nations, quarrels and bloodshed will disappear into oblivion. A bright and kind world will reign then on earth. " In the first sentence, the phraseology fulfills the role of the predicate in the subject of "quarrels, strife, bloodshed": quarrels (what will they do?) Will go into oblivion. Consequently, emphasizing the terms of the sentence, the entire expression should be distinguished by two features. When indicating the verbosity of words on top of the combination, it is necessary to sign: "a phraseologist."
That's it - Summer!