The principle of the installation of water and sewage in a private house

Everyone knows that water supply and sewerage in private homes are the main systems, without which you can not create comfortable living conditions. Taking into account the fact that currently only 5% of Russian residents have the possibility of using a centralized sewage system and water supply in a house or cottage, a significant number of house owners prefer to equip the engineering systems of an autonomous type.

The main stages of the construction of water supply and sewerage of private houses

The principle of water supply and sewerage is as follows. The first thing that a private house is starting to equip is choosing a source that supplies water for drinking. As a rule, you can use two options: build a well or drill a well. After the source of water supply has been selected, the project will be drafted. The installation of water and sewerage in private houses should be carried out in the following order:

• Drilling a well (when an artesian well is chosen , a need appears for the caisson);
• Installation of automation and pump;
• Water distribution; It is primarily up to the project budget, as well as the operating conditions, which pipes to give preference to water supply;
• Installation of filters that will provide an opportunity to provide residents of the house with water for drinking with high quality;
• Installation of sewerage;
• Service maintenance of engineering systems.

Principle of the device of a waterpipe

While working on the project of the water supply system, one should always take into account the depth of the well, the amount of water used and other significant factors. In addition, the water supply system must provide the required head pressure, have a reliable protection against undesirable environmental influences, and carry out high-quality cleaning of water from harmful impurities.

Installation of water supply system

The design of the internal water pipeline by its own efforts becomes more and more popular every year. A rich choice of tools and materials makes it possible to perform work in the shortest possible time. In addition, you can build wells or drill wells. Wells are more popular than wells made of concrete, thanks to the rapid creation and lower price. Wells from sand are hammered to the second aquifer, artesian - to layers that lie more deeply. In order to pump out water, submersible pumps will be required. When the groundwater is located higher, it is possible to use surface- type pumps , which are installed indefinitely in the house. Installing tanks for accumulation will provide an opportunity to insure themselves in case of interruptions in the operation of the water supply system.

The picture below shows the scheme of water supply and sewerage.

Technological process of laying water supply and sewage

For the water supply, the thermal insulation of the pipes is important . Therefore, the main line or insulated to the desired state with foam polystyrene casings, using rock wool, or buried to a level that is not available for freezing. The principle of the installation of a water pipe is to lay pipes made of steel, plastic. For the sewer system, the latter option is most often used. Characteristics of foam, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene meet the conditions of strength, environmental friendliness, suitability for repair, safety. The surface of the pipes inside is smooth, which reduces the accumulation of dirt, increases the period between repairs.

Types of pipes used in the system

Laying of sewerage of current lines is independently carried out from products with a diameter of 150 mm, 110 mm. For a water pipe, use a diameter of 32 mm. Pressure drainage is created from pipes of 50 mm, since a constant head contributes to the improvement of the flow ability to self-cleaning. At the same time, the volume of work with the land decreases, it becomes more comfortable to clear the trunk lines from the wells for inspection.

Construction of water supply communications from the outside

While working on the project, take into account the terrain, the size of the plot, the principle of constructing a water pipe, and the sewage system, which regulates the detachment of buildings from residential buildings, roadways, plots nearby, reservoirs, rivers, old trees. Water supply networks outside the sewer system can be laid in the foundation pit, basement, after the construction of the box.

Water supply systems, sewerage houses should be optimally suitable for repair, otherwise the volume of work with land will increase dramatically, maintenance of systems will become uncomfortable. In the first variant, it will be sufficient to have a cushion of gravel and sand to protect against the forces causing the whipping, additional warming, giving a guarantee of freezing, when the operation passes through the seasons. For the sewer system, the availability of prefabricated manholes is required for inspection. The tray is installed on the bottom of the excavation, tied with pipes in the presence of a hole in the well.

When sewerage is arranged on the territory of a site that has a large area, the principle of its operation can be based on septic tanks or aerotanks (biological methods of purification). Aerotanks - though expensive, and depend on energy, but every year they become more popular in villages with cottages.