Symptoms of an attack of cholelithiasis. How to provide first aid?

Mankind has been aware of cholelithiasis since the ancient times . A huge number of books and articles are devoted to this ailment. Despite this, many people do not know what help should be provided to the patient during an episode of CSF. What symptoms are typical for him, what can be done for a person, what drugs can help? These are issues that need to be addressed.

What is LCD?

An attack of cholelithiasis (symptoms, first aid is discussed in the article) is quite an urgent topic, because LCS is a common ailment. With this disease in the bile ducts and gall bladder accumulate stones. They are cholesteric and pigmented. The first of these are the most frequently encountered. The composition of cholesterol stones includes cholesterol, mucin, bilirubinate, phosphate, calcium carbonate and palmitate, as well as other substances.

Pigmental stones are divided into black and brown. Black structures are mainly found in the gallbladder. They are formed from calcium bilirubinate and other bilirubin compounds, calcium salts of carbonate and phosphate, mucin, and other substances. Brown stones are most often detected in the bile ducts. These structures consist of calcium salts of unconjugated bilirubin with the inclusion of cholesterol, protein.

Risk factors

An ailment in which symptoms of an attack of cholelithiasis can appear, arises for various reasons. One of the risk factors is the female sex. Statistics show that in women of the fair half of humanity, the disease develops much more often than in men. Another no less important risk factor is age. Gallstones are found in many people after 60 years.

A significant role in increasing the frequency of cholelithiasis is obesity. People who are too full of people produce bile, over-saturated with cholesterol. Another very significant factor is pregnancy. Women who are in the position, increase the level of estrogen. Because of this, secretion of cholesterol in bile increases.

Other risk factors, which cause gallstone disease (attack), are:

• Rapid and significant reduction in body weight;
• diabetes;
• Parenteral nutrition ;
• Diseases of the small intestine;
• Reception of oral contraceptives.

Asymptomatic and dyspeptic forms of the disease

Some people have gallstones in the gallbladder, but the patients do not make any complaints. This form of the disease is called asymptomatic (latent). Experts consider it as the period of the course of the CLS, after all, according to statistics, after about 10 or 15 years, 30-50% of people have symptoms of ailment and complications.

Another form of cholelithiasis is dyspeptic. Sick people complain of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The following symptoms are observed (they occur, usually after eating, especially if fried, fatty, spicy dishes, alcoholic beverages have been consumed):

• Feeling of heaviness in epigastrium and right hypochondrium;
• Bitter taste in the mouth;
• heartburn;
• Excessive accumulation of gases in the intestine;
• Unstable chair.

Liver (biliary) colic

Asymptomatic and dyspeptic forms of cholelithiasis are not the only ones. Specialists also allocate hepatic (bilious) colic. This is the most frequent clinical form of the disease. It is detected in 75% of patients with chronic liver disease.

For hepatic (bilious) colic, the sudden and periodically recurring symptoms of an attack of cholelithiasis are characteristic. In some patients, they arise due to malnutrition and exercise. The remaining people can not identify provoking factors. Attacks begin at night, during sleep.

Symptoms of an attack

The attack of the disease is manifested by pain. In most cases, it is localized in the epigastrium, sometimes felt in the region of the xiphoid process. It is possible to irradiate pain in the right shoulder or in the region of the right scapula. Discomfortable sensations in terms of intensity and character can be different: pricking, pressing, cramping.

In addition to pain, there may also be suspicious signs such as nausea, vomiting with an admixture of bile, which does not bring relief. However, it is worth noting that these symptoms of an attack of cholelithiasis are quite rare. They arise in a small number of sick people.

On examination, specialists note the following objective signs in their patients:

• Anxiety, restlessness (sick people are rushing about and trying to take a position where the pain would have receded);
• Increases heart rate to 100 beats per minute;
• The tongue is moist, covered with a touch of whitish hue;
• The stomach is swollen, his right half is behind in the act of breathing;
• With percussion and palpation of the abdomen, people complain of sharp pain in the right hypochondrium.

Duration and frequency of seizures

The pain of people suffering from CSF arises suddenly. The duration of the attack can be from 15 minutes to 8 hours. Sometimes the pain torments and within 12 hours. This happens with the development of acute cholecystitis. When the attack of the disease passes, the pain disappears. There is only an unpleasant sensation in the abdomen.

The frequency of attacks with the disease is individual. In some sick people, the symptoms of biliary colic can occur every day, the second - once a week, the third - once a month. Very rarely there is only one painful attack.

First Aid

If there are symptoms of an attack of cholelithiasis, it is urgent to call a doctor. Prior to the arrival of a specialist, the patient should provide first aid:

• Ensure peace (recommended bed rest);
• Give a heating pad (it must be placed on the right hypochondrium);
• Suggest taking a warm bath.

At the time of an attack of cholelithiasis, drugs are allowed: spasmolytics (Drotaverin, No-shpa) in combination with analgesics (Spazmalgon, Baralgin). You can wait for the doctor to arrive. The specialist will tell you how to take off the attack, and introduce the necessary drugs in a certain dose:

• "No-shpu" (intramuscularly 2 ml);
• "Papaverin", 2% (intramuscularly 2 ml);
• "Baralgin" (intravenously, 5 ml);
• "Atropine", 0.1% (subcutaneously 1 ml).

Symptoms of an attack of cholelithiasis may hide other dangerous conditions. To confirm the diagnosis, you need to do a detailed blood test, ultrasound or fluoroscopy. If there are testimonies, the specialists will perform the following activities:

• Cleansing of bile ducts;
• Operative removal of existing stones, gall bladder.

Features of food

An attack of cholelithiasis, the symptoms, the treatment of which is known to every gastroenterologist, is familiar to many people firsthand. However, not everyone thinks about prevention. In the prevention of gallstone attacks, considerable help will be provided by changing your daily menu.

First, you should abandon the refractory fats. Due to lack of bile, the activity of a special enzyme - lipase - decreases. This, in turn, leads to a deterioration in the digestion and absorption of fats. People feel pain, spasms, bloating. Only butter and vegetable oils are allowed.

Secondly, rye bread, mushrooms, peas, beans, nuts, millet, chocolate sweets, coffee, cocoa, butter dough should be excluded from the menu. These products cause exacerbation, because their digestion requires the stress of the enzyme systems of the human body.

Councils of traditional healers

Sand and stones, formed in the gallbladder, interfere with the normal renewal of bile, change the mechanism of its action. To heal and prevent these processes, folk healers advise what to do. An attack can be prevented if:

1. Treated with olive oil. This product helps to accelerate the fragmentation of stones in the internal organ. Folk doctors recommend daily, before bedtime, take 1 tbsp. L. And then drink the juice, squeezed out of half a lemon. The duration of the use of folk remedies can be 1 week. At this time you need to adhere to a vegetable diet, do not smoke, do not drink alcoholic beverages, coffee, do not eat foods that provoke bloating.
2. Drink herbal decoction. First, a collection of mint, chamomile and immortelle in a ratio of 2: 1: 1. Then brew 1 tbsp. L. Mixture in 0.5 l of hot water. The medication is kept on a low heat for 30 minutes. Ready-mixed broth filter and drink 0,5 glasses four times a day, half an hour before a meal.
3. Eat on an empty stomach lemon for 3 days. This fruit is peeled and passed through a meat grinder. To the resulting mixture is added 0.5 tsp. Soda.

So, you became aware of what an attack of cholelithiasis is. Symptoms, first aid - this is something that all people should be aware of, because of the disease no one is immune. Also, do not forget that the occurrence of seizures LCD can be prevented. Prevention should include compliance with a rational diet, reducing or eliminating stagnation of bile in the gallbladder (fighting adynamia, frequent eating), timely treatment of existing chronic diseases.