Rose of May (rosehip): description, photo

Rosehip - a long and faithful companion of mankind, received the romantic name "Rose of May" due to early flowering. Strictly speaking, the right to be so named has only one species of shrub, namely Rosa majalis Herni, or brown hips. Although people call the May Rose and any of its other varieties.

Rosehip: a description of the plant

Like any other subspecies, the rose of Maya is a bush which, under favorable conditions, can grow to two and a half meters. Has thin branches - at a young age they are covered with a reddish-brown glossy bark. As it ages, it takes on a brownish hue.

If it is a plant such as a dogrose, the description must necessarily include mention of thorns. All rosaceous have them. Cinnamon rose is not an exception. On young branches and below the bush there are much more, they have a straightened shape. In the upper half the spines are slightly curved, more thick and spaced less frequently.

The Mayan rose blooms very beautifully, and even in the uncultured version. Flowers form large enough, not collected in a brush (single), consisting of five petals. Usually they are painted in a gentle pink, but there are also scarlet. Flowers give enough weighty fruits with a smooth skin, round or egg-like, bright red-orange color.

Use for medicinal purposes

As you know, the dog rose is a medicinal bush, and its effect is very versatile. Mostly fruits are used, which contain a significant amount of a variety of vitamins.

In addition to immunostimulating effects, dog rose drives bile, eliminates constipation, has a diuretic effect. It accelerates the healing of wounds and fusion of bones, eliminates anemia, helps in the treatment of chronic hepatic diseases and malaria. The oil, squeezed from the seeds, heals burns, dermatitis of different origin.

Contraindications for use

With care to treat the treatment and prevention of dog rose need hypertensive people and people who are prone to thrombophlebitis and thrombosis. Certain restrictions on admission exist for the kidneys and the cores. And, of course, do not drink decoction instead of tea: an excess amount (two liters and more) will definitely bring only harm.

Planting the May Rose

Despite the fact that it is considered to be a lot of wild plants, it is often cultivated on homesteads, and for decorative purposes, as the dog-rose blooms (photo can be seen in the article) is magnificent and beautiful, and for the preparation of medicinal fruits. And, if you correctly select the conditions of life for him and ensure minimum care, he will give a very plentiful harvest.

Place under the landing should be chosen well and for a long time illuminated. It is desirable on an elevation where the absence of stagnation of both groundwater and sedimentary water is guaranteed. For several years, the root system of the May Rose floods all the space around, so you need to protect the bush with a slate dug into the ground for a third of a meter in depth. The dog-rose sits either along the perimeter of the site, becoming a natural hedge, or in the most uncomfortable places for the grower, such as compost heaps and subsidiary buildings. The main thing is that the rose hip bush is not alone: the plant is cross-pollinated, and without yielding relatives, the crop will not yield.

Caring for the May Rose

In principle, the dog rose is unpretentious. But, like every living organism, he responds with gratitude to caring. First of all, it should appear in pruning. Thinning begins on the 3-4 year life of the May Rose. Ideally, a shrub containing 15 to 20 branches of different ages is formed, but not older than seven years, when the fruiting practically disappears. Pruning is carried out in the spring - the autumn can kill the bush, since the slices winter poorly.

Regular watering of the dog rose (photo can be seen above) does not require - it has high drought resistance. With prolonged absence of rain, the plant is watered at the rate of 3-5 buckets depending on the maturity and fruiting.

It is necessary to feed young planting. In the second year of life nitrogenous fertilizers are introduced three times: early in the spring, when only the earth completely thaws, in the first half of summer (during the intensive formation of shoots) and before falling asleep - in September. An adult rose May is fed once in three years with compost or humus, followed by loosening, watering and mulching.

Dogrose reproduction

The Maya rose can reproduce in all ways accessible to plants. However, the seed is not very recommended: the valuable properties are not always fully transferred, and fussing with the seeds can be inconclusive. The most reliable seedling reproduction, carried out in the autumn. In the middle zone of Russia, the landing is conducted from early October to mid-November. Under the seedling, a pit of centimeters is dug in twenty deep. If the soils in the allotted area are sour, liming is carried out. Compost is added, mixed with the recycled manure. The seedlings themselves are shortened before rooting to 8-10 centimeters. You can make and root sections - so the survival rate will improve significantly. Then the roots are dipped into a clay bug, and the seedling is buried in a pit with a neck deepening 6-8 cm below ground level.

To preserve the characteristics of the maternal bush, reproduction by the rhizome offspring is chosen. Their procurement is either late in the fall, or in the earliest spring. There are two ways to do it:

1. The selected offspring is chopped not less than a quarter of a meter high by a shovel from the main bush and planted. Such actions are available in autumn and spring, but not all offspring survive with them.
2. The chosen baby does not separate, but it hills and is constantly watered. This stimulates the active growth of accessory roots. The next year, in the autumn, the offspring is separated, but not transferred to a new place of residence, but left next to the mother's bush. It is only planted in the spring.

This method gives a 100% survival rate and a complete repetition of all the qualities of the hips first bush.

Harvesting

The Rose of May is very reluctant to part with its fruits. Therefore, they should be collected only in gloves, not fabric, but leather or canvas. Berries begin to shoot roughly in the middle - the end of August, when they acquire a rich shade. Collecting everything at once is not the most competent approach: the part will be already overripe, and the other is still unripe. You need to remove the fruits as they mature, and without delaying or postponing: if you do not have time to harvest before the first frost, you will lose much as a rose hips.

Harvest is required to be sent immediately to dry. For her, you can use an oven that has been heated to 90 degrees. Dry fruits are poured into cloth bags; If they are harvested correctly, can be stored for up to two years.

The most promising varieties

The May Rose is widely cultivated due to its medicinal qualities; In addition to wild varieties, there are garden varieties of dog rose. They number more than six dozen. However, the most successful are the following:

1. Tambovchanka . The bush is not large, which facilitates the collection of fruits. Spine is average, with spines slightly curved, shaped like a hook. The fruits are large enough - up to 4.5 grams each. The yield is high, up to five kilos from a healthy adult bush. Particularly attractive variety is very high winter hardiness. In flowering is very decorative: the buds are large, bright red.
2. Hedgehog . Blossoms with large crimson cups. Spines are many, like needles. The growth is average. The fruits are large, although smaller than in the previous variety. Fruiting also more modestly: on average, you can collect four kilograms per season. Also very winter-enduring; Sufficiently resistant to disease and pests.
3. Jubilee Michurinsky. According to agricultural indicators, it is close to both varieties already mentioned. In flowering - white.
4. A stand- alone stands the Bessy VNIVI. Unlike other varieties, it gives a tall bush, does not have thorns, fruits are smallish (about two grams), fruits earlier - in early August, and in smaller quantities (just over one and a half kilograms). Even flowers in its own way: not individual flowers, but inflorescences of four pieces of pink tone.