Presidential republic

The form of government is an important issue of such discipline as "Theory of State and Law". There are two. It's about the monarchy and the republic. In this case, we are interested in the republic. What is its main difference from the monarchy? Yes, the fact is that under this type of government the highest organs of state power are elected. That is, power is not inherited.

The head of state refers to the highest bodies of state power, and therefore, under the republican form of government, he is also elected for a certain term. It is important to note that it is not always the people who choose it - often the election is made by a representative body.

In general, the signs of the republican form of government include the dependence of power on voters, its election, limited terms of office of elected persons.

The republic, in turn, can be presidential, mixed or parliamentary. Note that the mixed is divided into several subspecies. We will not disassemble them, since we are interested in the signs of the presidential republic.

Presidential republic

It is characterized by the important role of the president in the system of public authorities. The presidential republic is a republic in which the president is not only the head of state, but also the head of government.

Such a republic is often called dualistic. In this case, the emphasis is on the fact that the strong legislative power of the representative body is opposed by the executive power, wholly owned by the head of state.

In the presidential republic, the election of the president is carried out by the voters themselves or representatives of the electoral college. After the election, the head of state appoints members of the government. He has the right to include in the executive body exactly those people whom he wants. In such a republic, there is no such position as the head of government (the federal chancellor, the prime minister and so on).

Its peculiarity lies in the fact that the parliament can not be dissolved by the head of state, and the parliament itself can not restrict the actions of the government and the president. However, in exceptional cases, the Parliament can still limit the actions of the latter.

The head of state has the right to impose a suspensive veto on the decision of the representative body. The vote of no confidence is passed by the parliament by vote. It can be handed down to the government. This procedure is complex and has a lot of its nuances. In the parliamentary republic, all this is much simpler.

In general, the presidential republic can be distinguished according to the following features:

• The head of government is elected in an extraparliamentary way;
• The government is solely responsible to the head of state. In this case, it is unaccountable to the representative body;
• The head of state has the widest powers.

The presidential republic is distinguished by the fact that the head of state:

• The government itself has the right to disperse it;
• Takes a direct part in the appointment of members of the Supreme Court;
• Is the supreme commander-in-chief;
• Presides in the government;
• Signs the laws.

The presidential republic is Poland, France, Austria and many other countries. Many still erroneously believe that Russia is a presidential republic. Why is this not so? Firstly, because in our country there is such a position as the head of government. We call him the Prime Minister. It is this man, and not the president, that is leading the government. He is appointed, of course, the head of state, but only with the approval of the parliament. What kind of republic is Russia? Our country is a mixed republic. To be more precise - presidential-parliamentary.