Mushrooms govorushki: photo and description

One of the most interesting living organisms on earth are mushrooms, because they combine the signs of both animals and plants. There are many of their species that are spread all over the planet. Lovers of quiet hunting in Siberia and the Primorsky Territory very often run into golovushki. What are these mushrooms and can they be collected?

general characteristics

Mushrooms govorushki - a genus that combines a lot of species of edible and poisonous mushrooms. From others they are distinguished by frequent thin plates, which descend to the foot in greater or lesser extent. Mushrooms govorushki can be found in the forest under the leaves. They form the so-called witch rings. Edible among them a lot, but they are not of high quality. Another interesting property of these fungi is their specific odor, which for many people is very unattractive. But still there are daredevils who like to cook govorushki. Mushrooms or fry with onions, or salt, adding spices and garlic. Collect them must be very cautious, because many of them and poisonous. They are distinguished by the small size and whitish color of the body. There are many types of govorushkas, but the most common are funnel, gray, giant, waxy and whitish.

Funnelhead

This mushroom has a hat, the diameter of which can reach 8 centimeters. It is thin-fleshy, on top there is a tubercle, which passes into the funnel, for which it received its name. Skin color yellow-brownish, most often it is dry. Mushrooms govorushki this species have white frequent plates, which smoothly descend to the base. The leg grows to 5 centimeters in height, has a narrow cylindrical shape and the same color with a hat. This is an edible kind, which is most often used to make soups, although the smell of this broth is very specific. Cook these mushrooms need at least 20 minutes, sometimes they are marinated. Most often, they grow in mixed forests, like many mushrooms govorushki. Photo and description of this species can be found in any encyclopedia on mycology.

Gray govorushka

In August-September all over Russia you can meet this mushroom. He grows in different forests, sometimes inhabits nettles in clusters, for which he received a second name - a scribble. These gooseberry mushrooms have a fleshy bonnet up to 15 cm in diameter. First it has a convex shape, then flattened, and the edges bend downward. The color of the body is gray, which is what the name itself says, but in the center it changes to a darker, often covered in bloom. The flesh of the golovrushki gray is white, the smell is not changed, it's just a pleasant mushroom flavor. Leg is thickish - up to 3 cm, and height can reach up to 10 cm. These are eatable govorushki. Mushrooms are first boiled, water is drained. They are very much boiled, have a peculiar taste and smell. They are used for filling pies, frying or pickling.

Gigantic goat

This is the largest species of govorushki. It is very similar to the gray, but it is large. Mushroom govorushka gigantic is infrequent. You can find it at the end of summer and early autumn in mixed and coniferous forests. It has a fleshy bonnet, which can reach up to 25 cm in diameter. The color is white, turning to gray from the edges to the center. Under the hat there are narrow, frequent plates that have lintels. They descend briefly along the stem and have a light or brownish hue. The very same leg is the same as that of the gray govorushki: height - up to 10 cm, thickness - up to 3 cm. You can consume this mushroom, but this can lead to stomach upset. Cook it for 15-20 minutes, and after cooking, following the recipe. The best taste qualities are possessed by young mushrooms, they, unlike the old ones, do not bitter. It is interesting that the pulp of the giant govorushki contains an antibiotic that is able to resist such a disease as tuberculosis.

Waxed Govorushka

It is a species that grows in mixed and coniferous forests, among grasses on sandy soil. The color of the whole mushroom is white. His hat grows to 10 cm in diameter. Its shape changes from the center to the edges: the middle is convex, and then it descends and extends to the edges. The sides are turned and wavy, sometimes they may be fuzzy or torn. Platelets in the fungus are narrow and frequent, descend to the base, the color is from white to gray. Leg has a cylindrical shape, can be straight or slightly bent, smooth along the entire length, only a small fuzz at the base. Although the fungus is visible in appearance, it has a pleasant aroma and taste, it is very toxic. It contains a toxin called muscarin. The organism can not neutralize it independently, so poisoning of the nervous system occurs. Half an hour after the use of the govorushka waxed, the first symptoms appear, which should be noted. This is high blood pressure, slow heart rhythm. If many mushrooms were eaten, limbs begin to tremble, headaches, seizures, nausea, dizziness and vomiting. 10 grams is a lethal dose for a person. Only experienced people should collect mushrooms. The photo and description will help them not to cut poisonous food.

Whitish little head

This species of mushrooms can be found both on forest edges and in the parks of the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. It can grow on bare ground, and on the litter of leaves. They appear in groups, often large, and form "witch circles". The mushroom hat is up to 6 cm in diameter. Its shape varies depending on the age of the head: in young it is convex, the edges are tucked up, in middle-aged mushrooms - prostrate, in the old - dented or flat, and the edges are wavy. Color also varies with age: from white-gray to ocherous. If the fungus is old, spots may appear on its bonnet. The skin is covered with plaque, which is very easy to remove. The pulp is white in color, powdery in smell and inexpressive. The leg is cylindrical, it becomes narrower to the base. Plates white in youth, after darkening and acquire a yellowish tinge. It is a very poisonous mushroom that contains more toxin than red fly agaric. After 15-20 minutes after use, discharge from the salivary and lacrimal glands increases, active sweating begins. After 2 hours, the heart rate begins to decrease, breathing is disrupted, vomiting and diarrhea begin. Although the deaths are quite rare, you should be extremely careful when collecting mushrooms. Photographs help not to make a mistake and collect only edible species.

Thus, mushrooms govorushki are quite common in our country. There are many of their types, but they have no particular value.