Maintenance of boiler houses, repair and commissioning works

Ensuring the safe operation of boiler equipment is the paramount task that the service personnel are putting . To implement it, different means are used, covering a wide range of nuances of unit operation. This is the initial organization of the conditions in which the boiler house will operate, and the subsequent technical measures aimed at maintaining the optimal function of the equipment. At the same time, responsible persons must comply with the rules for using the facility. As practice shows, boiler maintenance is initially facilitated if operators rationally approach loading of equipment capacities and regularly monitor performance.

General information on boiler maintenance

In general, maintenance activities provide for the performance of basic equipment diagnostics and repair operations. The initial level of maintenance is reduced to a set of measures aimed at maintaining the integrity of the element base and the performance of the units. The fact is that the thermal boiler room in any performance is subject to high temperature stresses and even under the condition of compliance with operational rules there is a reduction in the strength and functional resources of the equipment. That is, even if the staff does not detect breakdowns during the routine inspection, the detection of deterioration in details, for example, is the reason for their renewal.

Specific schedules and organizational nuances in the conduct of maintenance depend on many factors. For example, the frequency, purpose and scope of the planned work is important. To the universal activities in which boiler equipment is serviced, one can include daily care, inspections, elimination of small faults and diagnostics of individual components of the system.

Repair work

Direct repair can be considered as a consequence of the inspection, and as part of the basic service - seasonal or periodic. In any case, repair actions are aimed at restoring the operability of heat engineering units or their individual parts. Planned operations of this kind are usually reduced to preventing breakdowns. So, if in the service process suspicious items were revealed from the point of view of reliability, they are replaced in the course of planned repairs. If an accident occurs, unscheduled repairs are carried out. In this case, the boiler equipment is subjected not only to a full audit, but also to special tests. First of all, the part or the entire complex of the system on which the accident occurred is checked. Further, its causes are identified and steps are taken to eliminate them. In some cases, a project solution is developed for this purpose, which provides recommendations for the replacement of failed components. When the major repair operations are completed, the units are tested and the final tests in the process of work.

Maintenance of steam and hot water units

This is the most common boiler units, which are used in the maintenance of private houses, and in production complexes. Experts in the course of primary maintenance identify possible overheating, clogging and fire of communications. There may also be a review of compliance with operational standards. If industrial boiler houses are serviced, then auxiliary systems with units that can influence the functional state of the target equipment are subjected to thorough diagnostics. On some grounds, it is possible to detect less disturbances in the operation of the boiler stations during the initial inspection. Such signs include the presence of noise in the combustion chamber, as well as uneven and pronounced vibrations.

In the technical part of the event, tightening of insufficiently reliable joints, restoration of broken fences, adjustment of the soot blowing equipment and elimination of defective elements are carried out. In addition, the maintenance of boiler houses provides for the performance of cleaning units. Removing dirt and dust requires not only the working nodes, but also the external surfaces of the equipment.

Repair of steam and water-heating equipment

Basically, problems with this kind of equipment arise due to the formation of dents, cracks and fistulas. Therefore, the communication networks associated with the boiler should be carefully checked. For example, defective pipes can lead not only to a violation of the circulation of the coolant, but also to breakages in the drum mechanisms, collectors and the expansion of individual elements, followed by their deformation. Also specialists update the armature, check the quality of the tightening of bolts and studs, eliminate the formed air suction cups, etc. Depending on the additional equipment, the boiler-type boiler repair can provide for replacement of defective membranes and renewal of insulating materials.

Maintenance and repair of economizers

In this case, a special place is occupied by metal fittings and the integrity of the equipment frame. The leak-tightness of the units is checked with the help of special devices, after which there may be a need to replace the kalachi, flange parts, gaskets and coils. If maintenance of the boiler houses with the connection of water circuits is carried out, the checklist for leaks is included in the list of activities. And it is not necessary after this to replace the same coils - as a rule, the identified problems are corrected by tightening loose connections.

Maintenance and repair of gas oil burners

Equipment that works with gas communications is checked for leaks in the injectors, as well as their connection to the basic structure of the housing. In particular, the master checks the installation quality of the unit, fixing the nozzles, eliminates sludge and traces of slag formation. In the main part of the repair work, the gas boiler can be dismantled and disassembled into separate functional components for the purpose of further washing the parts. Special attention is paid to the integrated nozzles, in which the nozzle replacement may be required.

Carrying out start-up activities

To begin with, a specialist develops a map for carrying out technological operations. Next, we evaluate performance indicators, including power, fuel consumption, etc. At that time, the measuring equipment should be ready, which will allow us to assess the quality of the system's operation. As a rule, maintenance of boiler houses in the part of commissioning activities is carried out with an amendment to the recommendations of the manufacturer. If we are talking about an aggregate that has already been operated, then the basic data for the subsequent settings can be readings from previous sessions of equipment operation. Actually, the result of the commissioning test should be similar information about the boiler plant readings, which are expressed in operational indications.

Conclusion

Maintenance is required in all applications of heating equipment. The system's verification of the quality of security is perhaps the most important goal of such events, but not the only one. Is that the gas boiler is mainly served to analyze the health of its components. In other cases, the financial expediency of conducting the same commissioning operations is of no small importance. They allow not only to fix and prevent breakdowns, but also to optimize the operation of the system in order to minimize the cost of energy consumption.