Konstantin Vorobiev, writer. The best books by Konstantin Vorobyov

One of the brightest representatives of "lieutenant" prose, Vorobyov Konstantin Dmitrievich was born in the blessed "nightingale" Kursk region, in a remote village called Nizhny Reutets, in the Medvedinsky district. The very nature there has to sing or compose songs, the very soul of the Kursk land gives birth in its grateful inhabitants the desire to learn the word and capture this beauty.

Childhood

The family was peasant and, like many in those parts, a large family - a brother and five sisters grew up next to the future famous writer. In September 1919 he was born to truly love in Russia with all his heart, rejoice with all his heart, fiercely fight, brutally fight and, of course, invariably suffer. Many of the generation of Constantine had to sorrow, but so many and so much suffering fell to the units.

Such a fate

How good that initially no one knows his fate ... I did not expect anything from what happened and Constantine Vorobyov, the writer. His biography at first does not differ from the rest: he graduated from a seven-year school in the village, then courses - he studied at the projectionist. But in August of the thirty-fifth I suddenly found a job in the district newspaper. There he published his first poems, the first essays. Education he lacked always - so Vorobiev, the writer felt. Therefore, in the thirty-seventh he moved to Moscow, where he studied in high school and became the executive secretary of the factory newspaper. Two pre-war years he served in the army and there he wrote essays for an army newspaper. Already in his first works it is clearly felt that Konstantin Vorobyov is a highly gifted writer and a brave man endowed with real civil courage, at the same time deeply feeling and empathizing with someone else's grief and pain.

Moscow and the Military Academy

Demobilized, Konstantin Vorobiev, a writer already, worked in the newspaper of the Moscow Military Academy. It was the Military Academy named after Frunze who directed him to study at the Higher Infantry School. He was supposed to protect the Kremlin, like the rest of the cadets, but November 1941 did not find him in Moscow any more. The Kremlin's cadets went to the front in October. And in December Vorobiev Konstantin Dmitrievich, brutally contused, was captured by the Nazis.

Concentration camp in Lithuania

Konstantin Vorobyev himself wrote about the conditions of life in captivity. The photos presented here do not so vividly illustrate this life. And he had more than one concentration camp. He ran several times, and he was killed when they caught him. But Constantine Vorobyov - an immortal writer, but a man of tenacity - survived. As soon as the wounds closed, he ran again. Finally it turned out. I was in a partisan detachment. Became a underground. The story of the atrocities in the concentration camps, he wrote at the same time, hiding in safe houses. He called her "The Road to the Fatherland". In the title this was the main dream of his life. But the first publication, which took place only forty years later, in 1986, the magazine Our Contemporary dubbed it differently - more capaciously and seamlessly: "It's us, Lord!". In the course of reading, through all the inhumanity of war and captivity, uncovered in the pages of this book, with the meat grinder of destinies and characters, where every letter is bleeding, the reader suddenly grows and finds wings an ineradicable feeling of pride for his country, his army, his people. Konstantin Vorobiev is a real writer. He is re-read, even if only love positive. They just feel, they have to, IT can not be forgotten.

Short stories of Vorobyov

After the liberation of Lithuania, Konstantin Vorobyov, a writer who is almost unknown to anyone, did not return home to the Kursk region. Apparently, the land of Lithuania, for which he shed blood, stopped him. There, in 1956, he grew up his "Snowdrop" - a collection of short stories, after which Konstantin Vorobyov - a writer is already a professional. This book did not become the last, fortunately. Almost thereafter, the collection "Gray-headed poplar", then "Geese-swans" and "Whoever settles angels", as well as many others. At lyrical heroes the destiny developed normally as it is uneasy, as at the author. Terrible trials tempered the soul so much that the most ordinary people found themselves in a heroic takeoff and - soared! The author, despite the intolerable circumstances full of heartache, was able to cure the reader's soul with an indispensable catharsis - every time!

The story of war and peace

The noisy story "Scream", the famous "Killed near Moscow", as well as the tale of the pre-war rural life "Alexei, Alexei's Son" are those stories that brought real fame. Constantine Vorobyov, a writer-front-line soldier, conceived them as a trilogy, but it happened differently. Each story lives its own life and is a testament to the greatness of the human (Soviet!) Character, which manifests itself even in the most unbearable realities of life. A whole series of postwar stories about rural life, despite the label of "sentimental naturalism", are loved and read to this day. And how can you not read the story "My friend Momich," or "How much in Rakit joy", or "Here comes the giant"? And how can you not reread all the others? The writer Vorobyov and after his escape from the concentration camps, the troubles did not end until the end of his life. Such a fate.

Manuscripts will not be reviewed and returned. Hooray!

Vorobiev Konstantin Dmitrievich wrote about thirty stories, ten great stories, many essays. And always it turned out to publish the best, the most cherished is not just late and with tough bills ... The most terrible testimony about fascist atrocities in concentration camps is not even photo and film. These are letters. Dry as numbers. Deadly, because the truth about people and nonhumans. In 1946, Vorobiev offered this autobiographical novel to Novy Mir, but was refused publication. Years passed. Leaflets with bleeding letters remained ever less. After the writer's death, this story was not found anywhere. Even in his personal archive. And only in 1986, accidentally all the forty-year-old manuscript was found in the TsGALI (archive of literature and art of the USSR), where all the archival documentation of the "New World" was found. The story was immediately published by the magazine Our Contemporary (the editor-in-chief was SV Vikulov at that time), and the people were shocked by the recognized, although it would seem that the new humanity can learn about the fascist atrocities? .. The strength is not in the description of the atrocities , As Vorobev the writer says, but that under no circumstances should the human face be lost, even with such. "It's me, Lord," the author managed to say much earlier than the publication of the autobiographical "This is us, Lord!" As already mentioned, the story is over in 1943, published in 1986, posthumously. Another - "My friend Momich" - was written in 1965, it was published only in 1988. The same thing happened with the stories "One Breath", "Ermak" and many other works. Almost in time came only one of those chronicles of the war that the blood of his soul was written by Konstantin Vorobyov, "They were killed near Moscow." In 1963 the story was published. And this is also the "New World". But the editor-in-chief is Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky.

Konstantin Vorobiev, "Killed Near Moscow"

It was the first story of the author in the cage of "lieutenant prose." The description of the battles near Moscow in 1941, to which Vorobiev himself was a participant, breathes that front-line reality, which even to witnesses seems incredible. Under Volokolamsk, the Kremlin cadets stand on the fighting post, a training company led by Captain Ryumin. Two hundred and forty young cadets. All one growth - one hundred and eighty-three centimeters. In peacetime, they should walk in honor of the honor guard in Red Square. And here - rifles, grenades, bottles with gasoline. And the fascist tanks. And mortar round-the-clock fire. The comrades of the main hero (known for the story "Scream") - Lieutenant Alexei Yastrebov - are dying. The political instructor is dying. The dead are buried. The wounded are sent to the village. The Germans are coming, the company is surrounded. A heroic decision was taken to attack the village occupied by the Germans. The battle begins at night. An incomplete company destroyed almost a battalion of enemy submachine gunners. Alexei also killed the Nazis with a shot at point-blank range. In the afternoon the remnants of the company tried to hide in the forest, but a reconnaissance aircraft with a swastika on the wing found them. And the slaughter began. After the bombers, tanks entered the forest, and German infantry under their cover. The company was dead. Alexei and one of the fellow cadets were saved. After waiting for the danger, they began to get out of the environment to their own and found Captain Ryumin and three other cadets. We slept in haystacks. Observed, as "Messerschmitts" killed "hawks", using the numerical advantage. After that, Ryumin shot himself. While digging the grave of the commander, they waited for the German tanks. Alexei stayed in the uncrowned grave, and the cadets hid back into the hay. And they perished. Alex ignited the tank, but this tank managed to overwhelm Aleksey's grave land before it burned down. The protagonist managed to get out of the grave. He took all four rifles and, staggering, went to the front line. What was he thinking about? About everything at once. About what happened in these five days. Through the great grief of the loss of comrades, through hunger, through inhuman weariness, a childish insult glowed: "How come - no one saw how I burned a German tank! .." In 1984, according to this story (and partly there were episodes from the story " Scream ") was filmed the film" Exam for immortality "directed by Alexei Saltykov, which we watched publicly and not once. When the song about Seryozhka and Malaya Bronnaya sounds, many women cry, and at other moments of the film - too.

Everlasting memory

The stories and some fragments of the stories are translated into German, Bulgarian, Polish, Latvian. The story "Nastya", an excerpt from the story "This is us, Lord" is translated into Lithuanian; Also collections of the author's stories were published in Lithuanian.

Konstantin Dmitrievich Vorobyev died on March 2, 1975 in Vilnius. Mankind honors the memory of the front-line writer. A memorial plaque was erected in his house in Vilnius , in 1995 the writer was awarded the St. Sergius of Radonezh Prize, in 2001 - the Alexander Solzhenitsyn Prize, a monument to the writer was opened in Kursk, the name of K. D. Vorobyov was worn by secondary school No. 35, in Kursk His name is called the street, and in the small homeland of the writer, in the village of Nizhny Reutets, a museum was opened.