How to check the compressor of the refrigerator by yourself?

The refrigerator is an indispensable unit that is in every house. And its most important component is the compressor. If it breaks, then the unit stops working, and only repair can help. If the model of the device in the house of the old model and has been serving for more than a decade, almost any owner already knows the causes of the malfunctions, how to eliminate them and even how to check the efficiency of the compressor of the refrigerator independently. As for the repair of new instruments, it can also be carried out without the help of a master, with some knowledge. It is only necessary to understand how the principle of the refrigerator works, the functions of its components and parts.

Due to what the device works and what place does the compressor occupy in it?

Cooling in the refrigerator is due to freon (a substance that is able to pass from liquid to gaseous state). In modern devices, refrigerants are used, which, with the integrity of the device design, do not harm others.

In order to maintain a normal working state of the device, Freon moves through the system: a condenser - a filter drier - a capillary pipeline - an evaporator. The main place in this system is occupied by the motor-compressor, which is the main node in any similar device. It is responsible for circulating the refrigerant through the piping system of the refrigeration unit. It is worth noting that the modern device can be equipped with both one and two motors - to the refrigerator and freezer compartment.

Since this device, without which the device can not operate properly, it is necessary to know how to check the compressor of the refrigerator if it stops working. The most common causes of breakdowns, especially in new models - are minor. Having determined the correct fault, you can make an independent repair, without calling the mater.

How is the compressor arranged?

Its components are:

• Electric motor, equipped with pistons and a valve system.

• Internal winding.

• Starting relay.

• Winding of the start relay.

The electric compressor works from an alternating current. It has three outputs arranged in the form of a triangle, which are connected to a relay. This device is responsible for turning on the engine.

For what reason does the motor not turn on?

The reasons can be different:

• The start relay is out of order.

• The motor burned out.

• The network connection cable is broken.

How to check the relay protection relay?

Often the device breakdown occurs precisely because of the malfunction of this device. Therefore, knowing how to check the refrigerator compressor relay can easily repair the device yourself. The system is simple. In the refrigerator compartment there is a temperature sensor, as soon as the temperature in the chamber starts to rise, it sends a signal to the relay, which in turn starts the engine. Usually, if there is a malfunction in this device, the device turns on for a few seconds, and then turns off.

Diagnosis of the refrigerator motor

Once the refrigerator has stopped working, the first thing to check is the connection to the network. If the diagnosis indicates the serviceability of the cable, then most likely, the motor itself needs repair. How to check the serviceability of the refrigerator compressor? The first step is to investigate the terminals, which must be in proper form.

Check the mains voltage, if its quality is good, then it can not cause a malfunction. Further, all manipulations with the unit are carried out only when it is disconnected from the power supply. Only after shutdown we begin to diagnose the compressor, for this we need:

• Pull out the motor, to do this, remove the cover and disconnect the relay.

• Check the compressor windings for continuity. Before starting this diagnosis, all flexible wires and terminals must be disconnected.

• Check the resistance with the device (tester). To do this, you need to know how to check the compressor of the refrigerator correctly. First, we plug the contacts left and upper, the indicator should be - 20 ohms, then the upper right - the indicator is 15 ohms, after the left and right - the indicator is 30 ohms. This data is completely working compressor. If the indicators differ from the norm - the device is defective.

• The resistance must also be checked between the methodical contacts with the casing. In this case, if the engine is working correctly, the device will show a power failure if there are any values on the device, that is, problems in the operation of the compressor. In this situation, we can assume that one of the two windings of the motor is closed. This fault is eliminated by rewinding. It can be done only by professionals in the service center.

How to check the refrigerator compressor with a multimeter and a manometer?

These are universal measuring instruments. A pressure gauge is an instrument with which you can check the operation of the compressor. The pressure hose is connected to the pressure connection and the pressure is measured with the compressor running. The engine is serviceable if the pressure is injected at 6 atmospheres.

In a situation where the engine is working, but the refrigerator itself does not freeze, the cause may be in a gas leak (freon). This can happen with mechanical damage to the system. Unfortunately, this malfunction can not be verified by yourself, you need a specialist.

Independent testing should be carried out only after the diagnostics for the breakdown are carried out. In the old refrigerators of the old model, the compressor's internal winding can draw voltage to the housing block of the refrigerator, and serious injury from electric shock can result.

In order to be sure of safety, it is necessary to measure the voltage between each of the existing contacts and the housing. It is worth noting that the correct indicators will be only on the place of the shell, which has no paint. In case the case is completely painted. The paint must be cleaned.

If the multimeter during the resistance check shows infinity, then the engine is faultless. In the event that the device has a value, you need to be careful, as further testing may prove dangerous. In order not to get a serious injury, you need:

• Carefully remove the cover that closes the starting relay;
• Disconnect the relay;
• Check the resistance.

Conclusion

These are simple tips to help you figure out how to check the compressor of the refrigerator. If it turns out that the motor has failed, it can be replaced on its own - it's easy, it's enough to understand the scheme by which the unit works and calculate its capabilities and capabilities. If there are doubts, it is better to contact the service center, as it often happens that the breakdown is small, and after repairing the home master it is necessary to change the heart of the refrigerator.