Hemorrhagic fevers, their types

Hemorrhagic fevers are acute viral diseases, as a result of which, the walls of small vessels with lesions of internal organs are affected. Hemorrhagic fevers come in several forms.

1. Dengue fever. The period from getting the virus into the body before the development of clinical manifestations, is from five to seven days. The source of the virus are the primates, the infected person, the mouse. A person becomes infected from mosquito bites. The onset of the disease is sudden, before the appearance of the main symptoms there may be a minor prodromal period. Further there is a chill, pain in the muscles of the back, joints (especially the knee). Body temperature is high, severe asthenia. The scleras are injected. The disease is divided into two forms: classical (febrile) and hemorrhagic.

2. Rift Valley fever. Acute viral disease affecting a person, cattle. The transmission path is transmissive. You can get infected with the bites of bloodsucking insects, carcasses of infected animals, when the virus is inhaled. The disease is characterized by: high temperature, intoxication, malfunction of the nervous system, hemorrhagic manifestations.

3. West Nile fever. This is an arbovirus infection. Infection occurs when biting ornithophilous mosquitoes. The causative agent is the virus of the Western Nile. The source of the virus are birds. The onset of the disease is acute, with the appearance of chills, high hectic temperatures, rashes, meningitis and meningoencephalitis. The natural focality of the disease is characteristic.

4. Dengue fever. Viral disease with transmissible transmission. It flows with a high fever, muscle and joint pain, hemorrhagic symptom, a decrease in leukocytes in the blood and damage to the lymph nodes.

5. Yellow fever. The causative agent is the RNA virus. The viral carrier is primates, rodents, humans. The disease is transmitted by mosquito bites. For a fever is characterized by a sudden onset, febrile temperature, then there is a slight calm and then there is a hemorrhagic syndrome with massive bleeding. Mortality is very high.

6. Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Highly contagious viral disease. It flows with the development of hemorrhagic syndrome, characterized by severe course and lethality. The causative agent of RNA is a virus. Contagiosity is very high, so often infected with medical personnel working on outbreaks of fever, family members of the sick. From the moment the virus enters the body to the manifestation of the disease, it takes three weeks. The virus is the man, the primates. This type of fever occurs in Africa. The disease begins with an increase in temperature, the appearance of pain in the muscles and joints. In the first day there is vomiting, melena, abdominal pain. Because of pronounced dehydration, patients have a specific appearance for Ebola fever, with a decreased skin turgor, sunken eyes. A week later, a rash appears on the body, which disappears after two days. Further, heavy hemorrhagic syndrome and angina join. Death occurs on day 10 of the disease from shock and blood loss.

7. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. These haemorrhagic fevers are widespread in Russia (Crimea, Bashkortostan). In this disease, the vasotropic Hantaan virus of small vessels is affected, with the development of inflammatory necrotic processes in them, circulatory disorders and disseminated intravascular coagulation. In this case, damage to vital organs (kidneys, adrenal glands, pituitary gland) occurs, hemorrhagic syndrome develops. The carrier of the virus is rodents. The disease is seasonal in nature. It is transmitted by air. Hemorrhagic fevers with renal syndrome are manifested by a period of fever with the development of generalized inflammation. Next comes the oliguria, which can go to anuria. In the recovery period, polyuria and the restoration of damaged organs occur. The last period is reconvalescence, which lasts from a few months to one or two years.