Fire-technical expertise. ФЗ on fire safety

Fires do a lot of harm to people, property. Even when executing security rules, these events still occur. With the help of technical expertise, you can identify the causes of the fire. Also, the procedure determines the specifics of the occurrence of such events. Fire-technical expertise is needed to identify those responsible for the fire in order to attract them to liability.

When people die in a fire, then the criminal is punished for the guilty. Responsibility is borne by those who are responsible for security control. Punishment is provided in case of negligence of employees in the performance of their duties, which led to fire.

What is the procedure for?

Fire-technical expertise allows you to identify the causes and circumstances of a fire in order to prevent such events in the future. For example, if the fire in the house was due to faulty electrical wiring, you can avoid such trouble if you replace the wires with new ones. The cause of the fire may be the leakage of chemicals in the appliances. Determining the sources of such an event prevents extensive fires in the future.

Fire-technical expertise is carried out not only in buildings and buildings. Often the event is held to determine the causes of fire in transport. Examination is carried out on ships, yachts, ships, gardens and parks.

Appointment of the examination

The law does not set strict rules on when to perform fire-technical examinations. An investigator may initiate an action in a fire case. The procedure is carried out at the request of any participant: the owner of the property, the suspect or the representative of the insurance company.

Fire-technical expertise is carried out by a specialist who has special knowledge. It should be aware of the legal rules for the appointment and execution of the procedure. The expert has his rights and duties, including informing about giving false testimony.

The conclusion of a specialist is taken into account by the court as evidence in the case. Objects of expertise include various items from the place of ignition.

Types of expertise

Activities are divided into 2 features: the subject and the nature of the examination. According to the first indicator, the procedure is:

• Single: carried out by 1 employee;
• Commission: performed by a team of one specialty, if the situation is complicated;
• Complex: it is conducted by specialists of various directions for an accurate explanation of the reasons.

In terms of the order of priority, the event happens:

• Primary;
• Additional;
• Repeated.

When is the procedure necessary?

Fire-technical expertise is necessary for:

• The establishment of a source of ignition;
• Search for the guilty;
• Identify causes;
• Clarify the circumstances of the process;
• Characteristics of technical serviceability of mechanisms.

The performed procedures will help to find out whether the safety rules were violated. The results will allow to take measures that in future will prevent such situations.

Methods of examination

Thanks to the development of science and technology, independent fire expertise is carried out using methods of physics, chemistry, pyrology. During the event, a fire scenario is recreated in the wake of the flame. To find out exactly the causes of ignition, expert systems are used.

It is necessary to conduct a study of metal exhibits located on the site of ignition. In addition, methods such as chromatography, temperature studies, identification of combustible components are used.

Materials for the event

The victims are examined with the help of forensic medical examination. Objects include inanimate things. To get the most accurate picture of the incident, you need to provide the expert with documents relating to the fire. If something is not enough, the result may not be entirely reliable.

Sometimes it is necessary to conduct a second examination. For the study, objects from the place of ignition, testimony of witnesses, photo circuit, documents, the results of other examinations, information about the state of the object are used.

Legal provisions

All the rules for carrying out the procedure are regulated by the Federal Law "On Fire Safety". It says that the event can be carried out not only by state institutions, but also by other persons who have special knowledge for this.

FZ "On Fire Safety" establishes penalties for non-compliance with the precautionary rules. Deliberate damage to property by arson, which caused death of people, is considered a criminal offense. In this case, up to 5 years of imprisonment is threatened.

Persons who are careless with fire are brought to justice. The degree of punishment is determined by the extent of the damage. Fire safety is the responsibility of officials.

Independent evaluation

Now a popular event is risk assessment. The management of enterprises conducts the event with the help of accredited institutions. If you identify a fire risk, you can reduce the costs of the enterprise, which can go to fines. Also, this will prevent future fires.

The compulsory measures include the performance of an audit carried out by fire inspectors. The premises are inspected and documentation is checked. Staff can be checked for knowledge of fire safety rules.

Fire risk should be identified at all enterprises, but in residential premises it can not be carried out. The event is necessarily performed in business premises. Many insurance companies need to provide documentation about the inspection.

Expertise has many advantages. There is reliable information about the fire situation, the protection of the premises from fires. Advice on financing for reducing fire risk is provided. At the end of the event an opinion is issued, where recommendations for compliance with fire safety rules are prescribed.