Farce is the main genre in the medieval theater

The medieval comic theater genre is a comedy. Fars is a strange child of two incompatible parents. If the comedy is his mother, then the church text, in which the farce called inserts (the translation is "filling") - Epistola cum farsa or Epistola farsita, became the father who gave him the name, however, there were many of them in hymns and even simply in prayers. If we continue the comparison, considering family ties, then there is not too far away and so loved by the ancient Roman population tragedy. Farce in this case was that the arena of poor tragedians devoured predatory animals under the cheerful screams of spectators. It is not for nothing that the saying is recalled that any action only for the first time can be a tragedy, repeated twice - already a farce. This ceases to convince. So what is a farce?

So, the term entrenched behind a small dramatic interlude in the 12th century. The farce is both the family's problems, and the servant's and master's attitudes, and cheating, and the adventures of soldiers and students, any ridiculous cases of life as farm laborers and traders, and judges and officials. The imaginative series are full of comic situations, achieved by rather cheap means - with the help of brawls and quarrels. The development of the plot involves skipping from one place of action to another, there is no unity. The characters do not reveal themselves deeply, the characters are basically punning and picking. The topics are diverse and borrowed most often from the surrounding everyday life. The staging means are the most primitive, since there is no provision for performances. By the end of the 15th century, the number of farces increased, the genre flourished.

Farce is the flowering of the French theater

The French theater, with all its rudeness, already by the 12th century acquired some purely farcical features. Construction on witty plot moves. Characters - the predecessor of the Harlequin (Herlequin), an alchemist, a monk. Especially famous is the trilogy about Potilen, a lawyer, a trickster and a scoundrel. Author unknown. Suspected and Villon, and de la Salle, and Blanche. The edifying and political farces were composed by Queen Margo (Navarre, that same). Much later, the farce was constantly illuminated by a farce in the comedies of the famous Moliere. For example, "Imaginary sick" or "Scraps of Scapin". The critical time for the development of the theater is the 17th century. Farce leaves the French stage. In its place with triumph comes a full literary comedy.

Fars is the father of Italian comedy

Farce, in itself not too independent dramaturgic action, had a huge impact on the theatrical art of the whole world. Including Italy became a real home for farce, but as a result received a talented child - comedy del arte, with the immortal masks of Columbine, Pantalone, Doctor and Harlequin.

Fars is the main genre on the stage of medieval Europe

Literature and other European countries left us a legacy of examples of this genre. In Germany, there were Shrovetide games that plague human weaknesses. In the 12th and 15th centuries, the Meistersingers (German poets-singers), especially the Nurembergs, most often succeeded in writing farces. Like the knights, proud of their origin, the Mastersingers were real professionals and respected the art of poetry as a craft. And in Spain he created Cervantes. The most famous farces of his ingenious pen are "Two Chatters" and "Theater of Miracles".